Guide:Features: Difference between revisions
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
No edit summary |
|||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
Small list of various features and examples of natlangs/conlangs that use them | Small list of various features and examples of natlangs/conlangs that use them | ||
==Phonological== | ==Phonological== | ||
===[[Consonants]]=== | ===[[Consonants]]=== | ||
====[[Palatalised]]==== | ====[[Palatalised]]==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
====[[Labialised]]==== | ====[[Labialised]]==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|ab|link}} | *{{nabb|ab|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====[[Geminated]]==== | ====[[Geminated]]==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====[[Aspirated]]==== | ====[[Aspirated]]==== | ||
====[[Pre-nasalised]]==== | ====[[Pre-nasalised]]==== | ||
====[[Syllabic]]==== | ====[[Syllabic]]==== | ||
{{labb|ia|link}} | {{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====[[Ejective]]==== | ====[[Ejective]]==== | ||
{{labb|nv|link}} | {{labb|nv|link}} | ||
====[[Clicks]]==== | ====[[Clicks]]==== | ||
===[[Vowels]]=== | ===[[Vowels]]=== | ||
| Line 26: | Line 34: | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====[[Nasalised]]==== | ====[[Nasalised]]==== | ||
*{{nabb|fr|link}} | *{{nabb|fr|link}} | ||
*{{labb|lp|link}} | *{{labb|lp|link}} | ||
====[[Tonal]]==== | ====[[Tonal]]==== | ||
*{{nabb|zh|link}} | *{{nabb|zh|link}} | ||
==Grammatical== | ==Grammatical== | ||
Grammatical features are features that exist within a language and has been standarized into a grammatical feature which must be stated for the sentence to be grammatical and proper in the speakers ears, if it is optional or not standard it doesn't classify as grammatical. | Grammatical features are features that exist within a language and has been standarized into a grammatical feature which must be stated for the sentence to be grammatical and proper in the speakers ears, if it is optional or not standard it doesn't classify as grammatical. | ||
===[[Linguistics:Morphosyntactic alignment|Morphosyntactic alignment]]=== | ===[[Linguistics:Morphosyntactic alignment|Morphosyntactic alignment]]=== | ||
====Nominative-accusative==== | ====Nominative-accusative==== | ||
*{{labb|bc|link}} | *{{labb|bc|link}} | ||
| Line 42: | Line 54: | ||
====Ergative-absolutive==== | ====Ergative-absolutive==== | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Tripartite==== | ====Tripartite==== | ||
| Line 50: | Line 62: | ||
====Fluid==== | ====Fluid==== | ||
====Direct==== | ====Direct==== | ||
====[[Linguistics:Trigger alignment|Trigger]]==== | ====[[Linguistics:Trigger alignment|Trigger]]==== | ||
===[[Linguistics:Grammatical cases|Cases]]=== | ===[[Linguistics:Grammatical cases|Cases]]=== | ||
====Grammatical==== | ====Grammatical==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Locational==== | ====Locational==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Motional to==== | ====Motional to==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Motional from==== | ====Motional from==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Motional Via==== | ====Motional Via==== | ||
====Relational==== | ====Relational==== | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====Semantical==== | ====Semantical==== | ||
====Relational==== | ====Relational==== | ||
====State==== | ====State==== | ||
===Definiteness=== | ===Definiteness=== | ||
====Article==== | ====Article==== | ||
*{{labb|kh|link}} | *{{labb|kh|link}} | ||
| Line 78: | Line 104: | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====None==== | ====None==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|ru|link}} | *{{nabb|ru|link}} | ||
===[[Linguistics:Grammatical aspect|Aspects]]=== | ===[[Linguistics:Grammatical aspect|Aspects]]=== | ||
====Perfective and imperfective==== | ====Perfective and imperfective==== | ||
*{{nabb|zh|link}} | *{{nabb|zh|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|ru|link}} | *{{nabb|ru|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Inceptive, continuative and terminative==== | ====Inceptive, continuative and terminative==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Gnomic==== | ====Gnomic==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Others==== | ====Others==== | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
===[[Linguistics:Grammatical tense|Tenses]]=== | ===[[Linguistics:Grammatical tense|Tenses]]=== | ||
====None==== | ====None==== | ||
*{{nabb|zh|link}} | *{{nabb|zh|link}} | ||
====Past and non-past==== | ====Past and non-past==== | ||
| Line 107: | Line 142: | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Past, recent past, present and future==== | ====Past, recent past, present and future==== | ||
====Past, recent past, present, near future and future==== | ====Past, recent past, present, near future and future==== | ||
====Past, present, near future and distant future==== | ====Past, present, near future and distant future==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
===Word order=== | ===Word order=== | ||
====None==== | ====None==== | ||
*{{nabb|wp|link}} | *{{nabb|wp|link}} | ||
====Subject-object-verb==== | ====Subject-object-verb==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====Subject-verb-object==== | ====Subject-verb-object==== | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|en|link}} | *{{nabb|en|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|es|link}} | *{{nabb|es|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
====Verb-subject-object==== | ====Verb-subject-object==== | ||
====Object-subject-verb==== | ====Object-subject-verb==== | ||
====Object-verb-subject==== | ====Object-verb-subject==== | ||
====Verb-object-subject==== | ====Verb-object-subject==== | ||
===Number=== | ===Number=== | ||
If its anywhere but "none" singular is always present as well and if it is anywhere but "plural" the plural marker is also always present | If its anywhere but "none" singular is always present as well and if it is anywhere but "plural" the plural marker is also always present as well. | ||
====None==== | ====None==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
====Plural==== | ====Plural==== | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Paucal==== | ====Paucal==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
====Dual==== | ====Dual==== | ||
*{{labb|nv|link}} | *{{labb|nv|link}} | ||
====Trial==== | ====Trial==== | ||
*{{labb|nv|link}} | *{{labb|nv|link}} | ||
===Possession=== | ===Possession=== | ||
*{{nabb|en|link}} | *{{nabb|en|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Alienable/inalienable==== | ====Alienable/inalienable==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
==Morphological== | ==Morphological== | ||
Morphological features are features that are directly marked and indicated onto the verb, noun or adjective | Morphological features are features that are directly marked and indicated onto the verb, noun or adjective | ||
===Person on verb=== | ===Person on verb=== | ||
====Subject marking==== | ====Subject marking==== | ||
====Object marking==== | ====Object marking==== | ||
====Subject and object marking==== | ====Subject and object marking==== | ||
*{{labb|kl|link}} | *{{labb|kl|link}} | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====Subject or object but not both simultaneously==== | ====Subject or object but not both simultaneously==== | ||
====Subject marking==== | ====Subject marking==== | ||
===Person on adposition=== | ===Person on adposition=== | ||
*{{nabb|ga|link}} | *{{nabb|ga|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|cy|link}} | *{{nabb|cy|link}} | ||
===Cases=== | ===Cases=== | ||
| Line 170: | Line 235: | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
===Tenses=== | ===Tenses=== | ||
====Past and non-past==== | ====Past and non-past==== | ||
*{{nabb|en|link}} | *{{nabb|en|link}} | ||
*{{nabb|sv|link}} | *{{nabb|sv|link}} | ||
====Past, present and future==== | ====Past, present and future==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb| | *{{labb|ae|link}} | ||
====Past, present, near future and distant future==== | ====Past, present, near future and distant future==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
==Vocabulary== | ==Vocabulary== | ||
===Number base=== | ===Number base=== | ||
====Octal==== | ====Octal==== | ||
*[[Kunarek]] | *[[Kunarek]] | ||
====Decimal==== | ====Decimal==== | ||
====Duodecimal==== | ====Duodecimal==== | ||
*{{labb|um|link}} | *{{labb|um|link}} | ||
*{{labb|ae|link}} | |||
====Hexadecimal==== | ====Hexadecimal==== | ||
====Vigesimal==== | ====Vigesimal==== | ||
*{{labb|ia|link}} | *{{labb|ia|link}} | ||
[[Category:Guides]] | [[Category:Guides]] | ||
Revision as of 02:55, 19 February 2013
Small list of various features and examples of natlangs/conlangs that use them
Phonological
Consonants
Palatalised
Labialised
Geminated
Aspirated
Pre-nasalised
Syllabic
Ejective
Clicks
Vowels
Long
Nasalised
Tonal
Grammatical
Grammatical features are features that exist within a language and has been standarized into a grammatical feature which must be stated for the sentence to be grammatical and proper in the speakers ears, if it is optional or not standard it doesn't classify as grammatical.
Morphosyntactic alignment
Nominative-accusative
Ergative-absolutive
Tripartite
Fluid
Direct
Trigger
Cases
Grammatical
Locational
Motional to
Motional from
Motional Via
Relational
Semantical
Relational
State
Definiteness
Article
Affixation
None
Aspects
Perfective and imperfective
Inceptive, continuative and terminative
Gnomic
Others
Tenses
None
Past and non-past
Past, present and future
Past, recent past, present and future
Past, recent past, present, near future and future
Past, present, near future and distant future
Word order
None
Subject-object-verb
Subject-verb-object
Verb-subject-object
Object-subject-verb
Object-verb-subject
Verb-object-subject
Number
If its anywhere but "none" singular is always present as well and if it is anywhere but "plural" the plural marker is also always present as well.
None
Plural
Paucal
Dual
Trial
Possession
Alienable/inalienable
Morphological
Morphological features are features that are directly marked and indicated onto the verb, noun or adjective
Person on verb
Subject marking
Object marking
Subject and object marking
- [[]]
- Aethêllan
Subject or object but not both simultaneously
Subject marking
Person on adposition
Cases
Aspects
Tenses
Past and non-past
Past, present and future
Past, present, near future and distant future