Tigol/Morphology: Difference between revisions

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! Person  !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting)
! Person  !! ''túsain'' "pray, request"<br/>(non-prefixed, non-ablauting) !! ''as·tóċan'' "prove"<br/>(prefixed, non-ablauting)
|-
|-
| 1SG || '' túsain'' < {{sc|tussanis}} <br/>''ní·tús'' < {{sc|nīs tussan}} || ''as·tóċ'' < {{sc|astosāconis}} <br/>''ní·assaċ'' < {{sc|nīs astosācon}}  
| 1SG || '' túsain'' < {{sc|tússanis}} <br/>''ní·tús'' < {{sc|nīs tússan}} || ''as·tóċ'' < {{sc|astósāconis}} <br/>''ní·assaċ'' < {{sc|nīs ástosācon}}  
|-
|-
| 2SG || '' túsair'' < {{sc|tussaris}}<br/>''ní·túsar'' < {{sc|nīs tussar}} || ''as·tóċar'' < {{sc|astosācoris}}<br/>''ní·assaċar'' < {{sc|nīs astosācor}}
| 2SG || '' túsair'' < {{sc|tússaris}}<br/>''ní·túsar'' < {{sc|nīs tússar}} || ''as·tóċar'' < {{sc|astósācoris}}<br/>''ní·assaċar'' < {{sc|nīs ástosācor}}
|-
|-
| 3SG.M || '' túsaiṁ'' < {{sc|tussamis}}<br/>''ní·tús'' < {{sc|nīs tussam}} || ''as·tóċ'' < {{sc|astosācomis}}<br/>''ní·assaċ'' < {{sc|nīs astosācom}}
| 3SG.M || '' túsaiṁ'' < {{sc|tússamis}}<br/>''ní·tús'' < {{sc|nīs tússam}} || ''as·tóċ'' < {{sc|astósācomis}}<br/>''ní·assaċ'' < {{sc|nīs ástosācom}}
|-
|-
| 3SG.F || '' túsae'' < {{sc|tussasis}}<br/>''ní·túsae'' < {{sc|nīs tussasi}} || ''as·tóċae'' < {{sc|astosācosis}}<br/>''ní·assaċ'' < {{sc|nīs astosācosi}}
| 3SG.F || '' túsae'' < {{sc|tússasis}}<br/>''ní·túsae'' < {{sc|nīs tússasi}} || ''as·tóċae'' < {{sc|astósācosis}}<br/>''ní·assaċ'' < {{sc|nīs ástosācosi}}
|-
|-
| 3SG.N || '' tús'' < {{sc|tussas}}<br/>''ní·tús'' < {{sc|nīs tussa}} || '' as·tóċ'' < {{sc|astosācos}}<br/>''ní·assaċ'' < {{sc|nīs astosāco}}
| 3SG.N || '' tús'' < {{sc|tússas}}<br/>''ní·tús'' < {{sc|nīs tússa}} || '' as·tóċ'' < {{sc|astósācos}}<br/>''ní·assaċ'' < {{sc|nīs ástosāco}}
|-
|-
| 1EX || '' túsme'' < {{sc|tussamēs}}<br/>''ní·túsaiṁ'' < {{sc|nīs tussamē}} || '' as·tóċaiṁ'' < {{sc|astosācomēs}}<br/>''ní·assaċaiṁ'' < {{sc|nīs astosācomē}}
| 1EX || '' túsme'' < {{sc|tússamēs}}<br/>''ní·túsaiṁ'' < {{sc|nīs tússamē}} || '' as·tóċaiṁ'' < {{sc|astósācomēs}}<br/>''ní·assaċaiṁ'' < {{sc|nīs ástosācomē}}
|-
|-
| 1IN || '' túsait'' < {{sc|tussantis}}<br/>''ní·túsat'' < {{sc|nīs tussant}} || '' as·tóċat'' < {{sc|astosācontis}}<br/>''ní·assaċat'' < {{sc|nīs astosācont}}
| 1IN || '' túsait'' < {{sc|tússantis}}<br/>''ní·túsat'' < {{sc|nīs tússant}} || '' as·tóċat'' < {{sc|astósācontis}}<br/>''ní·assaċat'' < {{sc|nīs ástosācont}}
|-
|-
| 2PL || '' túsaisc'' < {{sc|tussasces}}<br/>''ní·túsaisc'' < {{sc|nīs tussasce}} || '' as·tóċaisc'' < {{sc|astosācosces}}<br/>''ní·assaċaisc'' < {{sc|nīs astosācosce}}
| 2PL || '' túsaisc'' < {{sc|tússasces}}<br/>''ní·túsaisc'' < {{sc|nīs tússasce}} || '' as·tóċaisc'' < {{sc|astósācosces}}<br/>''ní·assaċaisc'' < {{sc|nīs ástosācosce}}
|-
|-
| 3PL || '' túsaiḋ'' < {{sc|tussatis}}<br/>''ní·túsaḋ'' < {{sc|nīs tussat}} || '' as·tóċaḋ'' < {{sc|astosācotis}}<br/>''ní·assaċaḋ'' < {{sc|nīs astosācot}}
| 3PL || '' túsaiḋ'' < {{sc|tússatis}}<br/>''ní·túsaḋ'' < {{sc|nīs tússat}} || '' as·tóċaḋ'' < {{sc|astósācotis}}<br/>''ní·assaċaḋ'' < {{sc|nīs ástosācot}}
|}
|}


Revision as of 14:35, 18 May 2017

Morphology is the most complex part of Old Tíogall. Much of Proto-Talmic morphology survives in Old Tíogall. However, Old Tíogall is most notorious for its often unpredictable verbal allomorphy.

Nouns

Adjectives

Pronouns

Verb prefixes

Object prefixes

Verb TAMs

Old Tíogall inherits many TAMs directly from Thensarian. In addition, Old Tíogall displays extensive verb allomorphy. Verbs can be grouped in two ways: non-prefixed and prefixed, and non-ablauting and ablauting. The verb tables below will use the following example verbs:

  • Unprefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. túsaiṁ /ˈtuːsai̯mʰ/ 'he prays', ní·túsa /niːˈtuːsa/ 'he does not pray' (modern tús)
  • Unprefixed, ablauting verbs: e.g. sormaiṁ /sormai̯mʰ/ 'he finds (intransitive)', ní·sorma /niːˈsorma/ 'he does not find' (modern sorm)
  • Prefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. as·tóċ /asˈtoːkʰ/ 'he proves', ní·assaċ /niːˈasːakʰ/ 'he does not prove' (modern stóch)
  • Prefixed ablauting verbs: e.g. dos·coḃ /dosˈkobʰ/ 'he tolerates' (*de-as-coḃ), ní·dép /niːˈdeːp/ 'he does not tolerate' (modern déab)

In case where there is a preverb, the first syllable after the interpunct is stressed.

Present

Person túsain "pray, request"
(non-prefixed, non-ablauting)		 as·tóċan "prove"
(prefixed, non-ablauting)
1SG túsain < tússanis
ní·tús < nīs tússan		 as·tóċ < astósāconis
ní·assaċ < nīs ástosācon
2SG túsair < tússaris
ní·túsar < nīs tússar		 as·tóċar < astósācoris
ní·assaċar < nīs ástosācor
3SG.M túsaiṁ < tússamis
ní·tús < nīs tússam		 as·tóċ < astósācomis
ní·assaċ < nīs ástosācom
3SG.F túsae < tússasis
ní·túsae < nīs tússasi		 as·tóċae < astósācosis
ní·assaċ < nīs ástosācosi
3SG.N tús < tússas
ní·tús < nīs tússa		 as·tóċ < astósācos
ní·assaċ < nīs ástosāco
1EX túsme < tússamēs
ní·túsaiṁ < nīs tússamē		 as·tóċaiṁ < astósācomēs
ní·assaċaiṁ < nīs ástosācomē
1IN túsait < tússantis
ní·túsat < nīs tússant		 as·tóċat < astósācontis
ní·assaċat < nīs ástosācont
2PL túsaisc < tússasces
ní·túsaisc < nīs tússasce		 as·tóċaisc < astósācosces
ní·assaċaisc < nīs ástosācosce
3PL túsaiḋ < tússatis
ní·túsaḋ < nīs tússat		 as·tóċaḋ < astósācotis
ní·assaċaḋ < nīs ástosācot

Imperfect

The imperfect is formed with reduplication as in Thensarian.

Preterite

Future

Subjunctive

Conditional

Partially influenced by optative, partially by preterite

Imperative

Verbal noun

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