User:Ceige/SEA Inspired: Difference between revisions
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(Created page with "= Proto-language = == Phonology == === Consonants === Bolded consonants can also be finals. {| class="wikitable" |- ! Manner !! Labial !! Dental !! Retroflex !! Palatal !! Vel...") |
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= | = Ancient stage= | ||
== Phonology == | == Phonology == | ||
=== Consonants === | === Consonants === | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Manner !! Labial !! Dental !! Retroflex !! Palatal !! Velar | ! Manner !! Labial !! Dental !! Retroflex !! Palatal !! Velar | ||
! style="background: #fff;" | ''Notes'' | ! style="background: #fff;" | ''Notes'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Plosive | ! Plosive | ||
| p || t || ʈ || c || k | | '''p''' || '''t''' || '''ʈ''' || '''c''' || '''k''' | ||
| style="background: #fff;" | ''Some reconstruct voiced plosives.'' | | style="background: #fff;" | ''Some reconstruct additional voiced plosives.'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Pre-nasalised Plosives | ! Pre-nasalised Plosives | ||
| Line 18: | Line 18: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Nasals | ! Nasals | ||
| m || n || ɳ || ɲ || ŋ | | '''m''' || '''n''' || '''ɳ''' || '''ɲ''' || '''ŋ''' | ||
|style="background: #fff;" | | |style="background: #fff;" | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Sonorants | ! Sonorants | ||
| w || l || r || y || ʀ | | '''w''' || '''l''' || '''r''' || '''y''' || '''ʀ''' | ||
| style="background: #fff;" | | | style="background: #fff;" | ''These are also sometimes analysed as appearing between initials and vowels.*'' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! Voiceless Sonorants | ! Voiceless Sonorants | ||
| ẘ || l̥ || r̊ || ẙ || ʀ̊ | | ẘ || l̥ || r̊ || ẙ || ʀ̊ | ||
| style="background: #fff;" | | |||
|- | |||
! Fricatives | |||
| h* || s* || ʂ || ç <!-- ɕ --> || x | |||
| style="background: #fff;" | | | style="background: #fff;" | | ||
|} | |} | ||
==== Notes ==== | |||
* *In analyses where the sonorants are seen as possible glides between initials and the nucleus, the distribution of initials changes quite heavily. | |||
* There is also a glottal stop, sometimes written as <q>. | |||
* <h> represents would-be /ɸ/, but this sound, when constructed, is meant to suggest a sound change before the voiceless labial sonorant arose. Some do not reconstruct it at all. | |||
* <s> is argued by some to be /θ/. | |||
=== Vowels === | === Vowels === | ||
There are considerably less vowels than consonants, but these have a large number of environmental allophones. | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
|- | |||
! Height | |||
! +y | |||
! +l | |||
! +Ø | |||
! +r | |||
! +ʀ | |||
! +w | |||
|- | |||
! Closed | |||
| i || ɪ || '''ɨ''' || ə || ɯ || u | |||
|- | |||
! Mid | |||
| e || ɜ || '''ǝ''' || ə || ʌ || o | |||
|- | |||
! Open | |||
| æ || æ || '''a''' || a || ɑ || ɑ | |||
|} | |||
=== Phonotactics === | === Phonotactics === | ||
==== Syllable structure ==== | |||
Each syllable has a structure of CVC, better described as Initial-Nucleus-Final. | |||
Revision as of 10:18, 23 January 2018
Ancient stage
Phonology
Consonants
Bolded consonants can also be finals.
| Manner | Labial | Dental | Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p | t | ʈ | c | k | Some reconstruct additional voiced plosives. |
| Pre-nasalised Plosives | ⁿp | ⁿt | ⁿʈ | ⁿc | ⁿk | ɴC or (m,n..)C is another valid style of transcription, as is C̃ |
| Nasals | m | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | |
| Voiceless Nasals | m̊ | n̊ | ɳ̊ | ɲ̊ | ŋ̊ | qC or hC is another valid style of transcription |
| Sonorants | w | l | r | y | ʀ | These are also sometimes analysed as appearing between initials and vowels.* |
| Voiceless Sonorants | ẘ | l̥ | r̊ | ẙ | ʀ̊ | |
| Fricatives | h* | s* | ʂ | ç | x |
Notes
- *In analyses where the sonorants are seen as possible glides between initials and the nucleus, the distribution of initials changes quite heavily.
- There is also a glottal stop, sometimes written as <q>.
- <h> represents would-be /ɸ/, but this sound, when constructed, is meant to suggest a sound change before the voiceless labial sonorant arose. Some do not reconstruct it at all.
- <s> is argued by some to be /θ/.
Vowels
There are considerably less vowels than consonants, but these have a large number of environmental allophones.
| Height | +y | +l | +Ø | +r | +ʀ | +w |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Closed | i | ɪ | ɨ | ə | ɯ | u |
| Mid | e | ɜ | ǝ | ə | ʌ | o |
| Open | æ | æ | a | a | ɑ | ɑ |
Phonotactics
Syllable structure
Each syllable has a structure of CVC, better described as Initial-Nucleus-Final.