Atlantic/Older version: Difference between revisions
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: <small>FRIGIDVM</small> > */wriɣiðu/ > */urijið/ > ''uriu'' "cold" | : <small>FRIGIDVM</small> > */wriɣiðu/ > */urijið/ > ''uriu'' "cold" | ||
: <small>MAGVM</small> > */maɣu/ > ''mau'' "nomad"<ref>Originally "magician, fortune-teller", this term came to identify wandering fortune-tellers.</ref> | : <small>MAGVM</small> > */maɣu/ > ''mau'' "nomad"<ref>Originally "magician, fortune-teller", this term came to identify wandering fortune-tellers.</ref> | ||
===Mauritanian palatalization=== | |||
The so-called Mauritanian palatalization (''palataligeoçon muridoinensa'') is considered in Atlantic linguistics the main isogloss between Mauritanian and Numidian dialects; this change likely started in the 17th century and was successfully completed in the span of a few generations in the territories of Mauritania. Mauritanian palatalization, both progressive and regressive, was triggered by all instances of /j/, affecting nearby consonants (a very similar change before /i/ happened before and is reflected in all modern Atlantic dialects); the orthography still unambiguously reflects the situation as for a given word, Mauritanian dialects will have a palatalized consonant (not in the phonetic sense of "palatalized") while Numidian dialects will have /j/ and a "regular consonants".<br/>Mauritanian palatalization resulted in the following changes: | |||
: /t d/ > /tʃ dʒ/, cf. ''fuit'' "he was" (Mauritanian /futʃ/, Numidian /fui̯t/), ''capsaid'' "got" (Maur. /kapˈsadʒ/, Num. /kapˈsai̯d/). | |||
: /n/ > /ɲ/, cf. ''uiçain'' "neighbour" (Maur. /wiˈsaɲ/, Num. /wiˈsai̯n/). | |||
: /r/ > /ʒ/, cf. ''Uiolarea'', capital city of the Atlantic Provinces (Maur. /ujoˈlaʒa/, Num. /ujoˈlarja/). This change also happened, as part of Mauritanian palatalization, before /i/; Numidian still has /r/ before /i/, cf. ''dubridur'' "3SG is used" Maur. /ˈdubʒidur/, Num. /ˈdubridur/. | |||
: /s/ > /ʃ/, but /s/ from /ts/ was '''not''' affected (suggesting that deaffrication likely happened later), cf. ''fuist'' "you were" (Maur. /fuʃt/, Num. /fui̯st/), ''Asea'' "Asia" (Maur. /ˈaʃa/, Num. /ˈasja/). | |||
: /l/ > /ʎ/, cf. ''sail'' "flood" (Maur. /saʎ/, Num. /sai̯l/), ''Iulea'', proper name (Maur. /ˈjuʎa/, Num. /ˈjulja/). | |||
Not strictly a part of Mauritanian palatalization (as it was triggered by /i/ and not /j/), but also limited to (not all) Mauritanian dialects is the analogical palatalization of the last stem consonant in fifth conjugation 1SG and 3PL endings due to the /i/ of the other forms. Dialects, including the standard written language, with this trait therefore have e.g. ''capsiur, capsirit ... capsiuntur'' (I am got, you are got ... they are got) as /ˈkapʃur ˈkapʃirit ˈkapʃuntur/, while those without this trait only have a palatalized consonant in the forms other than 1SG and 3PL, like /ˈkapsur ˈkapʃirit ˈkapsuntur/ – accordingly, forms such as ''capsur'' and ''capsuntur'' are found in informal writings of speakers of those dialects, or in literature to specifically identify one of those. | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||