Dundulanyä: Difference between revisions
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====Bound forms==== | ====Bound forms==== | ||
Dundulanyä nouns have a further, non-case form, which is called the '''bound form''' by native grammarians. For nouns whose stems end in vowels, it is usually identical to the absolutive; for other nouns, it is usually the endingless stem (with some exceptions). It is used when the noun is the predicate of a copular verb; when the noun is the possessor (a form syntactically reminescent of the Afroasiatic construct state); and when governed by many adpositions. | Dundulanyä nouns have a further, non-case form, which is called the '''bound form''' by native grammarians. For nouns whose stems end in vowels, it is usually identical to the absolutive; for other nouns, it is usually the endingless stem (with some exceptions). It is used when the noun is the predicate of a copular verb; when the noun is the possessor (a form syntactically reminescent of the Afroasiatic construct state); to mark the argument governed by a positional verb; and when governed by many adpositions. | ||
In the name of the language, ''dundulanyä ḫamfafa'', for example, ''dundulanyä'' is a bound form that however has the same form as the absolutive, due to the noun having a stem ending in a vowel. Some more examples of bound forms: | In the name of the language, ''dundulanyä ḫamfafa'', for example, ''dundulanyä'' is a bound form that however has the same form as the absolutive, due to the noun having a stem ending in a vowel. Some more examples of bound forms: | ||
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* ''nūrei dvārmaɂe'' "the child's room", ''nūrei'' being the bound form of ''nūrya'' "child". | * ''nūrei dvārmaɂe'' "the child's room", ''nūrei'' being the bound form of ''nūrya'' "child". | ||
* ''tätebu ū līv'' "my home is a flat", where ''līv'', bound form of ''līve'' "apartment", is part of a copular structure. | * ''tätebu ū līv'' "my home is a flat", where ''līv'', bound form of ''līve'' "apartment", is part of a copular structure. | ||
* ''līv yudaya'' "3SG stands in the flat", where the positional verb ''yu-de-'' "to stand inside" requires its argument ''līve'' to be in the bound form ''līv''. | |||
* ''tūrgib surē'' "without fear", where the postposition ''surē'' "without" forces the noun ''tūrgibe'' to assume its bound form ''tūrgib''. | * ''tūrgib surē'' "without fear", where the postposition ''surē'' "without" forces the noun ''tūrgibe'' to assume its bound form ''tūrgib''. | ||