Dundulanyä: Difference between revisions
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===Pronouns (''śidrāñjiḫi'')=== | ===Pronouns (''śidrāñjiḫi'')=== | ||
====Personal pronouns==== | ====Personal pronouns==== | ||
====Possessive suffixes==== | |||
Each person has its respective possessive suffix, which are clitics mostly used to denote possession on nouns. | |||
{| class="redtable lightredbg" | |||
|+ Personal markers | |||
|- | |||
! <small>1SG</small> !! <small>2SG</small> !!<small>3SG</small> !! <small>1DU</small> !! <small>2DU</small> !! <small>3DU</small> !! <small>1PL</small> !! <small>2PL</small> !! <small>3PL</small> | |||
|- | |||
| -bu || -ya || -ɂe || -bin || -sin || -hin || -fa || -yo || -rān | |||
|} | |||
Possessive suffixes are added to the head of the noun phrase (Dundulanyä does not have Suffixaufnahme), after any case ending but before any conjunctional clitic: | |||
: ''ñältah; ñältah'''bu''''' "sister; my sister" | |||
: ''nādaśrūṣe'''ya''' cända itta nādaśrūṣe'''ɂe''' śyūda.'' "Your (sg.) bike is orange, while his/her bike is black." | |||
: ''āyome ga tūfa'''bu''' tūfa'''ya'''ś?'' "Is that my ball or your ball?" | |||
: ''naviṣyayäh hiyome ga padacyūse'''bu'''.'' "This is my favourite book." (lit.: "among books, this is my favourite") | |||
An explicit possessor is marked used the bound form (typically together with third person clitics, but not exclusively): | |||
: ''imut nādaśrūṣe'''ɂe''''' "the teacher's bike" | |||
: ''buneyev pūnuḍu'''hin''''' "the two older sisters' jobs" | |||
: ''dundulanyä ḫamfa'''fa''''' "the Dundulanyä language" (lit.: "the language of us, the Dundulanyä") | |||
Bound forms can also be marked with possessive clitics on their own: | |||
: ''imut'''rān''' nādaśrūṣe'''ɂe''''' "their teacher's bike" | |||
: ''buneyev'''bu''' pūnuḍu'''hin''''' "my two older sisters' jobs" | |||
====Correlatives==== | ====Correlatives==== | ||
Dundulanyä has a fairly regular system of correlatives, distinguishing ten types (proximal, medial, distal, interrogative, negative, assertive existential, elective existential, universal, positive alternative, and negative alternative) in twelve categories (attributive, thing, person, [person or thing] owner of, time, place, destination, origin, way, reason, quality, quantity). | Dundulanyä has a fairly regular system of correlatives, distinguishing ten types (proximal, medial, distal, interrogative, negative, assertive existential, elective existential, universal, positive alternative, and negative alternative) in twelve categories (attributive, thing, person, [person or thing] owner of, time, place, destination, origin, way, reason, quality, quantity). | ||