I Kronurum: Difference between revisions
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====Consonant allophony==== | ====Consonant allophony==== | ||
'''·''' /p/ and /t/, except when result of a mutation, become aspirated when in initial position before a vowel (/pʰV/, /tʰV/) | |||
'''·''' /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before /g/ (eg. ‹angr› /ˈɑŋ.gɾ̩/, 1.S=”I”). | |||
'''·''' ‹g› = /x/ only in coda after a front vowel (eg. ‹sig›, /ˈsix/, “until”). | |||
===Vowels=== | ===Vowels=== | ||
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<div style="position:absolute; left:83%; width:2.66em; top:44%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;">o̞</div> | <div style="position:absolute; left:83%; width:2.66em; top:44%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;">o̞</div> | ||
<!-- OPEN-MID VOWELS --> | <!-- OPEN-MID VOWELS --> | ||
<div style="position:absolute; left:25%; width:2.66em; top: | <div style="position:absolute; left:25%; width:2.66em; top:60%; height:1.33em; font-size:120%; background:white;"> | ||
(ɛ)</div> | (ɛ)</div> | ||
<!-- NEAR-OPEN VOWELS --> | <!-- NEAR-OPEN VOWELS --> | ||
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=====Declension particles and other affixes===== | =====Declension particles and other affixes===== | ||
=====Onset mutations===== | |||
Mutation context and mutation continuities | |||
Onset mutation is triggered by the prepositions governing the genitive and the accusative cases. | |||
The unmodified consonant would have a mutation of grade cero. | |||
The preposition ‹ó› governs the genitive (GEN) and triggers mutation one. | |||
The preposition ‹tró› governs the accusative (AKK) and triggers mutation two. | |||
THIS SECTION WILL BE REVISITED TO MAKE A BETTER GROUPING OF THE MUTATIONS BY TYPE INSTEAD OF BY TRIGGER | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! colspan=2 | mutation degree | |||
|- | |||
!0||1 | |||
|- | |||
|w- /w/ ||gw- /gʷ/ | |||
|- | |||
|k- /k/ ||g- /g/~/ɣ/ | |||
|- | |||
|h- /h/~/χ/ ||k- /k/ | |||
|- | |||
|t- /t/ ||d- /d/ | |||
|- | |||
|s- /s/ ||þ- /θ/ | |||
|- | |||
|f- /f/ ||p- /p/ | |||
|- | |||
|b- /b/~/β/ ||p- /p/ | |||
|- | |||
|n- /n/ ||nw- /nʷ/ | |||
|- | |||
|m- /m/ ||mw- /mʷ/ | |||
|- | |||
|j- /j/ ||jw- /jʷ/ | |||
|- | |||
|l- /l/ ||l- /l / | |||
|} | |||
{| class="wikitable" | |||
! colspan=2 | mutation degree | |||
|- | |||
!0||2 | |||
|- | |||
|w- /w/ ||ƕ- /hw/~/hv/ | |||
|- | |||
|k- /k/ ||h- /h/~/χ/ | |||
|- | |||
|h- /h/~/χ/ ||g- /g/~/ɣ/ | |||
|- | |||
|t- /t/ ||ð- /ð/ | |||
|- | |||
|s- /s/ ||ś- /ʃ/ | |||
|- | |||
|f- /f/ ||b- /b/ | |||
|- | |||
|b- /b/~/β/ ||f- /f/ | |||
|- | |||
|n- /n/ ||ñ- /ɲ/ | |||
|- | |||
|m- /m/ ||w- /w/ | |||
|- | |||
|j- /j/ ||ñ- /ɲ/ | |||
|- | |||
|l- /l/ ||lh- /ɬ/ | |||
|} | |||
=====Plurals===== | =====Plurals===== | ||
Revision as of 10:23, 14 July 2014
 | This article is a construction site. This project is currently undergoing significant construction and/or revamp. By all means, take a look around, thank you. |
| I Kronurum | |
|---|---|
| I Kronurum | |
| ? | |
| Pronunciation | [/ˈʔi ˈkɾo̞.nu.ɾum/] |
| Created by | – |
| Native to | ? |
| Native speakers | ? (2014) |
?
| |
Early forms | Ancient I.K.
|
Background
The language known as I Kronurum
Phonology
Consonants
I Kronurum consonants...
Consonant inventory
| Bilabial | Labio-dental | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | p b | t d | k g | ʔ | ||||
| Nasal | m | n | (ŋ) | |||||
| Trill | r | |||||||
| Tap or flap | ɾ | |||||||
| Fricative | (β) | f | θ ð | s | ʃ | x (ɣ) | h | |
| Lateral fric. | (ɬ) | |||||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||||
| Lateral app. | l |
Consonant allophony
· /p/ and /t/, except when result of a mutation, become aspirated when in initial position before a vowel (/pʰV/, /tʰV/)
· /ŋ/ is an allophone of /n/ before /g/ (eg. ‹angr› /ˈɑŋ.gɾ̩/, 1.S=”I”).
· ‹g› = /x/ only in coda after a front vowel (eg. ‹sig›, /ˈsix/, “until”).
Vowels
I Kronurum vowels...
Vowel inventory
| Front | Near-front | Central | Near-back | Back | ||
| Close | 
| |||||
| Near‑close | ||||||
| Close‑mid | ||||||
| Mid | ||||||
| Open‑mid | ||||||
| Near‑open | ||||||
| Open | ||||||
Vowel allophony
Umlaut and dipthongs by umlaut
Other dipthongs
Other contextual phonological phenomena
Phonotactics
Orthography
Grammar
Morphology
Nominal morphology
Nouns are marked for number and gender.
Marking hierarchy
Declension particles and other affixes
Onset mutations
Mutation context and mutation continuities
Onset mutation is triggered by the prepositions governing the genitive and the accusative cases.
The unmodified consonant would have a mutation of grade cero.
The preposition ‹ó› governs the genitive (GEN) and triggers mutation one.
The preposition ‹tró› governs the accusative (AKK) and triggers mutation two.
THIS SECTION WILL BE REVISITED TO MAKE A BETTER GROUPING OF THE MUTATIONS BY TYPE INSTEAD OF BY TRIGGER
| mutation degree | |
|---|---|
| 0 | 1 |
| w- /w/ | gw- /gʷ/ |
| k- /k/ | g- /g/~/ɣ/ |
| h- /h/~/χ/ | k- /k/ |
| t- /t/ | d- /d/ |
| s- /s/ | þ- /θ/ |
| f- /f/ | p- /p/ |
| b- /b/~/β/ | p- /p/ |
| n- /n/ | nw- /nʷ/ |
| m- /m/ | mw- /mʷ/ |
| j- /j/ | jw- /jʷ/ |
| l- /l/ | l- /l / |
| mutation degree | |
|---|---|
| 0 | 2 |
| w- /w/ | ƕ- /hw/~/hv/ |
| k- /k/ | h- /h/~/χ/ |
| h- /h/~/χ/ | g- /g/~/ɣ/ |
| t- /t/ | ð- /ð/ |
| s- /s/ | ś- /ʃ/ |
| f- /f/ | b- /b/ |
| b- /b/~/β/ | f- /f/ |
| n- /n/ | ñ- /ɲ/ |
| m- /m/ | w- /w/ |
| j- /j/ | ñ- /ɲ/ |
| l- /l/ | lh- /ɬ/ |
Plurals
Diminutives
Augmentatives
Superlatives
Personal pronouns
Adjectives
Verbal morphology
Verbs are marked for tense, mood, aspect, number and, in the third person, also gender.
Marking hierarchy
Regular conjugation paradigms
There are four different regular conjugation classes, labeled I, II, III and IV