Tigol/Morphology

Morphology is the most complex part of Old Tíogall. Much of Proto-Talmic morphology survives in Old Tíogall. However, Old Tíogall is most notorious for its verbal allomorphy.

Verbs

Old Tíogall displays extensive verb allomorphy. There are broadly four verb groups:

• Unprefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. túsaiṁ /ˈtuːsai̯mʰ/ 'he prays', ní·túsa /niːˈtuːsa/ 'he does not pray'
• Unprefixed, ablauting verbs: e.g. sondaiṁ /sondai̯mʰ/ 'he leaves (transitive)', ní·sonda /niːˈsonda/ 'he does not leave (transitive)'
• Prefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. as·tóċa /asˈtoːkʰa/ 'he proves', ní·assaċ /niːˈasːakʰ/ 'he does not prove'
• Prefixed ablauting verbs: e.g. de·scoḃa /deˈskobʰa/ 'he tolerates', ní·tép /niːˈteːp/ 'he does not tolerate'

In the following tables, the stressed syllable is bolded. In case where there is a preverb, the first syllable after the interpunct is stressed.

Present

Person	túsain "pray" (non-prefixed, non-ablauting)	as·tóċan "prove" (prefixed)
1SG	túsain < tussanis ní·túsan < nīs tussan	as·tóċan < astosāconis ní·assaċan < nīs astosācon
2SG	túsair < tussaris ní·túsar < nīs tussar	as·tóċar < astosācoris ní·assaċar < nīs astosācor
3SG.M	túsaiṁ < tussamis ní·túsaN < nīs tussam	as·tóċa < astosācomis ní·assaċN < nīs astosācom
3SG.F	túsae < tussasis ní·túsae < nīs tussasi	as·tóċae < astosācosis ní·assaċ < nīs astosācos
3SG.N	tús < tussas ní·tús < nīs tussa	as·tóċ < astosācos ní·assaċ < nīs astosāco
1EX	túsme < tussamēs ní·túsaiṁL < nīs tussamē	as·tóċaiṁ < astosācomēs ní·assaċaiṁ < nīs astosācomē
1IN	túsait < tussantis ní·túsat < nīs tussant	as·tóċat < astosācontis ní·assaċat < nīs astosācont
2PL	túsaisc < tussasces ní·túsaisc < nīs tussasce	as·tóċaisc < astosācosces ní·assaċaisc < nīs astosācosce
3PL	túsaiḋ < tussatis ní·túsaḋ < nīs tussat	as·tóċaḋ < astosācotis ní·assaċaḋ < nīs astosācot