Chlouvānem/Morphology: Difference between revisions

Line 256:

====Vocalic stems====

Vocalic stems are those whose stems end in a vowel; most of them are class 1 (without any vowel change), but some are class 2 (ablauting), more rarely of other classes. They are anyway somewhat rare in Chlouvānem, but a few common verbs have vocalic stems. These stems often do not behave as in normal vowel saṃdhi when vocalic terminations are added:

* The diphthongs '''ai, ei, au~~, ou~~''', and their breathy-voiced versions mute the second element in a semivowel; in '''ai''' and '''au''' the vowel is naturally lengthened to '''ā''' - e.g. ''gṇyauke'' "to give birth", pres. exterior ''gṇyāvu, gṇyāvi, gṇyāvė''...; past exterior ''gṇyāvau, gṇyāvei, gṇyauk''...

* The diphthongs '''ai, ei, au''', and their breathy-voiced versions mute the second element in a semivowel; in '''ai''' and '''au''' the vowel is naturally lengthened to '''ā''' - e.g. ''gṇyauke'' "to give birth", pres. exterior ''gṇyāvu, gṇyāvi, gṇyāvė''...; past exterior ''gṇyāvau, gṇyāvei, gṇyauk''...

* The short vowels '''i, u, ṛ''' and long '''ṝ''' change into their corresponding semivowels if it forms an accepted cluster - e.g. ''vike'' "to rest" (ablauting stem ''ve-'' in the present), past exterior ''vyau, vyei, vik''...

* '''æ''' and '''ea''' become '''ev''' and '''oe''' becomes '''en''' - e.g. ''gæke'' "to stretch", pres. exterior ''gevu, gevi, gevė''...; past exterior ''gevau, gevei, gæk''...

* '''æ''' and '''ǣ''' become '''ev''' and '''oe''' becomes '''en''' - e.g. ''gæke'' "to stretch", pres. exterior ''gevu, gevi, gevė''...; past exterior ''gevau, gevei, gæk''...

Other vowels add different epenthetic consonants depending on their quality:

* '''a''', '''e''' (and long versions), and '''å''' always add '''n''', e.g. ''liėke'' "to clap", pres. exterior ''liėnu, liėni, liėnė''...; past exterior ''liėnau, liėnei, liėk''.

@@ Line 256: / Line 256: @@
 ====Vocalic stems====
 Vocalic stems are those whose stems end in a vowel; most of them are class 1 (without any vowel change), but some are class 2 (ablauting), more rarely of other classes. They are anyway somewhat rare in Chlouvānem, but a few common verbs have vocalic stems. These stems often do not behave as in normal vowel saṃdhi when vocalic terminations are added:
-* The diphthongs '''ai, ei, au, ou''', and their breathy-voiced versions mute the second element in a semivowel; in '''ai''' and '''au''' the vowel is naturally lengthened to '''ā''' - e.g. ''gṇyauke'' "to give birth", pres. exterior ''gṇyāvu, gṇyāvi, gṇyāvė''...; past exterior ''gṇyāvau, gṇyāvei, gṇyauk''...
+* The diphthongs '''ai, ei, au''', and their breathy-voiced versions mute the second element in a semivowel; in '''ai''' and '''au''' the vowel is naturally lengthened to '''ā''' - e.g. ''gṇyauke'' "to give birth", pres. exterior ''gṇyāvu, gṇyāvi, gṇyāvė''...; past exterior ''gṇyāvau, gṇyāvei, gṇyauk''...
 * The short vowels '''i, u, ṛ''' and long '''ṝ''' change into their corresponding semivowels if it forms an accepted cluster - e.g. ''vike'' "to rest" (ablauting stem ''ve-'' in the present), past exterior ''vyau, vyei, vik''...
-* '''æ''' and '''ea''' become '''ev''' and '''oe''' becomes '''en''' - e.g. ''gæke'' "to stretch", pres. exterior ''gevu, gevi, gevė''...; past exterior ''gevau, gevei, gæk''...
+* '''æ''' and '''ǣ''' become '''ev''' and '''oe''' becomes '''en''' - e.g. ''gæke'' "to stretch", pres. exterior ''gevu, gevi, gevė''...; past exterior ''gevau, gevei, gæk''...
 Other vowels add different epenthetic consonants depending on their quality:
 * '''a''', '''e''' (and long versions), and '''å''' always add '''n''', e.g. ''liėke'' "to clap", pres. exterior ''liėnu, liėni, liėnė''...; past exterior ''liėnau, liėnei, liėk''.