Umbrean/Modality

Name	Modal Form	Mood	Modal Polarity	Polarity	Logic[*]	Meaning	English example
Requestal	Base	Optative	Positive	Positive	REQ(x)	Subject requests the action	You may leave
				Negative	REQ(¬x)	Subject requests the negation of the action	You may not leave
			Negative	Positive	¬REQ(x)
				Negative	¬REQ(¬x)
Possibility		Subjunctive	Positive	Positive	POSSI(x)	The speaker deem the action to be possible	He might be there
				Negative	POSSI(¬x)	The speaker deem the negation of the action to be possible	He might not be there
Impossibility			Negative	Positive	¬POSSI(x)	The speaker deem the action to be impossible	He can't be there
				Negative	¬POSSI(¬x)	The speaker deem the negation of the action to be impossible	He can't not be there
Ability	Abilative	Indicative	Positive	Positive	ABIL(x)	It is deemed that the subject has the ability to perform the action	He is able to walk there
				Negative	ABIL(¬x)	It is deemed that the subject has the ability to perform the negation of the action	He is able to not walk there
Inabilaty			Negative	Positive	¬ABIL(x)	It is deemed that the subject has the inability to perform the action	He isn't able to walk there
				Negative	¬ABIL(¬x)	It is deemed that the subject has the inability to perform the negation of the action	He isn't able to not walk there
Permission		Optative	Positive	Positive	PERM(x)	The subject has the permission to perform the action	He may walk there
				Negative	PERM(¬x)	The subject has the permission to perform the negation of the action	He may not walk there
Prohibitive			Negative	Positive	¬PERM(x)	The subject is forbidden the permission to perform the action	He must not leave.
				Negative	¬PERM(¬x)	The subject is forbidden to perform the negation of the action	He must'nt not leave.
		Subjunctive	Positive	Positive
				Negative
			Negative	Positive
				Negative
Deduction	Hypothetical	Indicative	Positive	Positive
				Negative
			Negative	Positive
				Negative
Advisability		Optative	Positive	Positive	ADVI(x)	The subject is adviced to perform the action	"You should talk to him"
				Negative	ADVI(¬x)	The subject is adviced to perform the negation of the action	"You shouldn't talk to him"
Inadvisability			Negative	Positive	¬ADVI(x)	The subject is adviced against performing the action
				Negative	¬ADVI(¬x)	The subject is adviced against performing the negation of the action
Conditional		Subjunctive	Positive	Positive
				Negative
			Negative	Positive
				Negative
Neccesity	Gerundive	Indicative	Positive	Positive	MUST(x)	It is neccisery for the subject to perform the action	"You must walk there"
				Negative	MUST(¬x)	It is neccisery for the subject to perform the negation of the action action	"You must not walk there"
Lack of Neccesity			Negative	Positive	¬MUST(x)	It isn't neccisery for the subject to perform the action	"You don't have to walk there"
				Negative	¬MUST(¬x)	It isn't neccisery for the subject to perform the negation of the action	"You don't have to not walk there"
Expectation		Optative	Positive	Positive	EXPT(x)	The subject is expected to perform the action	"You ought to go home"
				Negative	EXPT(¬x)	The subject is expected to perform the negation of the action	"You ought to go not home"
Unexpectation Suprise/Admirative			Negative	Positive	¬EXPT(x)	The subject isn't expected to perform the action	"oh, You went home!"
				Negative	¬EXPT(¬x)	The subject isn't expected to perform the negation of the action	"oh, You didn't go home!"
Probabitive		Subjunctive	Positive	Positive	PROB(x)	The subject probably will/has/is performing the action	"He ought to be there"
				Positive	PROB(¬x)	The subject probably will/has/is performing the negation of the action	"He ought to be not there"
Doubative			Negative	Positive	¬PROB(x)	It is doubtful the subject has/is/will perform the action	"He ought not to be there"
				Positive	¬PROB(¬x)	It is doubtful the subject has/is/will perform the negation of the action action	"He ought not to be there"

Name	Umbrean		English
	Construct		Past	Present	Future
	Verb Form	Mood
Requests	Base	Optative	----	can, could, will, would
Possibility		Subjunctive	may have, might have, could have	may, might, could
Impossibility		Subjunctive mood + Negation	couldn’t have	couldn’t, can’t
Ability/Availability	Abilative	Indicative	could, was/were able to	can, am/is/are able to	will be able to
Permission		Optative	could, was/were allowed to	may, can, could, am/is/are allowed to	will be allowed to
Prohibition		Subjunctive	could not	must not, may not, cannot
Advisability	Hypothetical	Optative	should have, ought to have, had better have	should, ought to, had better
Inadvisability		Optative + Negation
Logical Deduction		Indicative	must have, have to have, has to have	must, have to, has to	----
Conditional		Subjunctive	English Conditional[*]
Expectation	Gerundive	Optative	should have, ought to have	should, ought to
Necessity		Indicative	had to	must, have to, has to	will have to
Lack of Necessity		Indicative + Negation	didn’t have to	don’t have to, doesn’t have to	won’t have to
Probative		Subjunctive
Doubative		Subjunctive + Negation