Ancient Nivarese
| Ancient Nivarese | |
|---|---|
| Pronunciation | [[Help:IPA|ˈnivareoːθ]] |
| Created by | Lili21 |
| Date | Oct 2017 |
| Setting | Calémere |
| Ethnicity | Iscegons |
| Extinct | ca. 500 |
Evandorian languages
| |
Ancient Nivarese (Nívareōs or ur lhēnyrís ur Nívareōs [ur ɬeːnyˈriθ ur ˈnivareoːθ]; in Modern Nivarese: u šeňurì u urdà u Nivariói) is an Evandorian language of Calémere, the earliest attested of the whole family and one of the Calemerian languages with the most ancient attestations.
Ancient Nivarese was the language of present-day Nivaren (Nívarēn) in ancient times, the ancestor of Modern Nivarese, and - together with Íscégon - was the cultural language of Evandorian civilizations during classical antiquity. Due to this importance, Ancient Nivarese words have entered the common vocabulary of all Evandorian languages and, in more modern times, learned vocabulary of most languages of the planet.
Ancient Nivarese is a Southern Evandorian language, and thus related to Auralian, Gazimyük, and the Agrôkian languages. It shares features common to all early attested Evandorian languages, thus there are still many visible similarities with Íscégon, but it also has the typical traits of Southern Evandorian languages, like its development of a construct state.
Introduction
Phonology
Orthography
Consonants
| → PoA ↓ Manner |
Labial | Labiodental | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasals | m /m/ | n /n/ | ||||
| Plosives | p /p/ | t /t/ d /d/ |
k /k/ | |||
| Fricatives | f /f/ v /v/ |
s /θ/ lh /ɬ/ |
h /h/ | |||
| Approximants | u /w/ | i /j/ | ||||
| Trill | r /r/ | |||||
| Lateral | l /l/ |
The letter x represents the /kθ/ cluster.
Vowels
| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i /i/ y ȳ /y yː/ |
u ū /u uː/ | |
| Mid | e ē /e eː/ | o ō /o oː/ | |
| Low | a /a/ |
Prosody
Stress
Intonation
Phonotactics
Morphophonology
Morphology
Nouns
Masculine noun declension
Back-vowel stem hotṓs, hotolhis "hawk" (< PEv *roktog); front-vowel stem niēs, niēkis "finger" (< PEv *ńeɬek)
| Back-vowel stem hotṓs, hotolh- "hawk" |
Front-vowel stem niēs, niēk- "finger" | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-construct | Construct | Non-construct | Construct | |||||
| Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | Singular | Plural | |
| Nominative | hotṓs | hotolhṓt | hótolhis | hotolhṓr | niēs | niēkḗt | niḗkis | niēkḗr |
| Accusative | hótto | hotolhṓssu | hottṓs | hotolhōsṓs | niḗta | niēkḗssa | niētḗs | niēkēsḗs |
| Locative | hótolhuō | hotolhṓdō | hótolhuax | hotolhṓdax | niḗlhē | niēkḗdē | niēlhḗx | niēkḗdēx |
| Ablative | hótokis | hotolhṓïs | hotokít | hotolhōít | niḗkys | niēkḗis | niēkȳ́t | niēkeȳ́t |
| Lative | hótolhūn | hotolhṓrūn | hotolhȳ́s | hotolhōrȳ́s | niḗïn | niēkḗrin | niēís | niēkērís |