8,622
edits
Chlouvānem/Syntax: Difference between revisions
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→Translation of sentential subjects
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Sentences expressing judgement are often translatable with evidentials (and are therefore single-clause): | Sentences expressing judgement are often translatable with evidentials (and are therefore single-clause): | ||
{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
| phrase = kite | | phrase = kite uɂē. | ||
| gloss = home-<small>LOC.SG</small>. be.<small>INF1.PRES.IND-3SG.PATIENT.EXTERIOR</small>. | | gloss = home-<small>LOC.SG</small>. be.<small>INF1.PRES.IND-3SG.PATIENT.EXTERIOR</small>. | ||
| translation = It's probable that (s)he is at home. | | translation = It's probable that (s)he is at home. | ||
}} | }} | ||
{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
| phrase = lilyā purvās | | phrase = lilyā purvās pūnebyē. | ||
| gloss = <small>1SG.GEN-DIR</small>. son.<small>DIR.SG</small>. work.<small>PRES.IND-INF2-3SG.PATIENT.EXTERIOR</small>. | | gloss = <small>1SG.GEN-DIR</small>. son.<small>DIR.SG</small>. work.<small>PRES.IND-INF2-3SG.PATIENT.EXTERIOR</small>. | ||
| translation = It seems that my son is working. | | translation = It seems that my son is working, but I doubt it. | ||
}} | |||
{{Gloss | |||
| phrase = lilyā purvās pūnenabē. | |||
| gloss = <small>1SG.GEN-DIR</small>. son.<small>DIR.SG</small>. work.<small>PRES.IND-DUBREP-3SG.PATIENT.EXTERIOR</small>. | |||
| translation = They say that my son is working, but I doubt it. | |||
}} | }} | ||
Other sentences are simply juxtaposed, not subordinated. A dummy "that" in the appropriate case may be inserted if the required case is not direct, accusative, or ergative, but it's often omitted: | Other sentences are simply juxtaposed, not subordinated. A dummy "that" in the appropriate case may be inserted if the required case is not direct, accusative, or ergative, but it's often omitted: | ||
{{Gloss | {{Gloss | ||
| phrase = kānyahǣṣa demyāṣati dṛkte [nanāt] pęrdirek dām? | | phrase = kānyahǣṣa demyāṣati dṛkte [nanāt] pęrdirek dām? | ||
| gloss = Kānyahǣṣa.<small>DIR</small>. one's_own_way. do.<small>PAST.IND-3SG.EXTERIOR-AGENT</small>. [that.<small>EXESS.SG</small>.] annoy.<small>PAST.IND-3SG.COMMON.INTERIOR</small>. <small>INTERR</small>. | | gloss = Kānyahǣṣa.<small>DIR</small>. one's_own_way. do.<small>PAST.IND-EXP-3SG.EXTERIOR-AGENT</small>. [that.<small>EXESS.SG</small>.] annoy.<small>PAST.IND-EXP-3SG.COMMON.INTERIOR</small>. <small>INTERR</small>. | ||
| translation = Whom did that Kānyahǣṣa did [it] her way annoy? | | translation = Whom did that Kānyahǣṣa did [it] her way annoy? | ||
}} | }} | ||