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Eighth edition lekma: Difference between revisions
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every words are morpheme. full nouns, affixed nouns or VO are indicative | every words are morpheme. full nouns, affixed nouns or VO are indicative moods. | ||
e is null vowel null consonant, it is /e/ after a consonant. | e is null vowel null consonant, it is /e/ after a consonant. | ||
Writings: excepting q w p g j y. u is added as /ŋ/, a i u are also consonants in certain circumstances. | Writings: excepting q w p g j y. u is added as /ŋ/, a i u are also consonants in certain circumstances. | ||
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Syntactics | Syntactics | ||
Type: SVO. | Type: SVO. | ||
Basic structure: ergative | Basic structure: ergative - verbal objective - topic / subjective - noun adjectival suffix - topic. | ||
{| ergative noun • verbal noun objective noun • topic noun / verbal noun • noun adjectival suffix • topic noun, where a middle dot separates phrases. they can switch their places, phrases at firsts are focal phrases.|} | {| ergative noun • verbal noun objective noun • topic noun / verbal noun • noun adjectival suffix • topic noun, where a middle dot separates phrases. they can switch their places, phrases at firsts are focal phrases.|} | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Nasal</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Nasal</small> | ||
| {{blue|m}}a{{blue|m}}(m) || || || {{blue|n}}a{{blue|n}}(n, ɲ) || || || | | {{blue|m}}a{{blue|m}}(m) || || || {{blue|n}}a{{blue|n}}(n, ɲ) || || || {{blue|u}}â{{blue|u}}(ŋ) || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Plosive</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Plosive</small> | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Approximant</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Approximant</small> | ||
| || {{blue| | | || {{blue|v}}àe(ʋ) || || || || {{blue|i}}áe(ʝ) || || || | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Lateral approximant</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Lateral approximant</small> | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Close</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Close</small> | ||
| a{{blue|i}}e(i) || a{{blue| | | a{{blue|i}}e(i) || a{{blue|ü}}e(y) || a{{blue|ei}},a{{blue|í}}e(ɐi̯) || a{{blue|ú}}e(u̯o) || a{{blue|ui(}}ɯɨ) || a{{blue|u}}e(u) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Mid-open</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Mid-open</small> | ||
| a{{blue|e}}e,e{{blue|ä}}e(e) || a{{blue|ö}}e(ø) || || a{{blue|eu}},a{{blue|ò}}e(ɐu̯) || || a{{blue| | | a{{blue|e}}e,e{{blue|ä}}e(e) || a{{blue|ö}}e(ø) || || a{{blue|eu}},a{{blue|ò}}e(ɐu̯) || || a{{blue|o}}e(o) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Open</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Open</small> | ||
| || || a{{blue|a}}e(ä) || || a{{blue|ao}},a{{blue| | | || || a{{blue|a}}e(ä) || || a{{blue|ao}},a{{blue|ô}}e(ʌ) || | ||
|} | |} | ||
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phonotactics | phonotactics | ||
CV(V)C | CV(V)C | ||
tone slightly rises at beginning of a phrase. | tone slightly rises at beginning of a phrase. | ||
{| i(ǀ) start citing, (end cite), before a loanword, ǃ(ǂ) exclamation|} | {| gemination lengthens nearby phoneme. i(ǀ) start citing, (end cite), before a loanword, ǃ(ǂ) exclamation|} | ||