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Meskangela: Difference between revisions
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To create new [[w:Agent noun|agent nouns]] Meskangela has various agentive suffixes. The most common are: ''-is'' (''bërëjis'' “writer” from ''bërëjan'' “to write”), ''-cis'' (''lëtacis'' “witness” from ''lëtan'' “to look”), ''-ikā'' (''punikā'' “carrier” from ''punan'' “to carry by hand”), ''-wa'' (''biliŋwa'' “forest dweller” from ''biliŋ'' “forest”), ''-pa'' (''këmōpa'' “worker (Western)” from ''këmowan'' “to work”). The instrumental suffixes ''-(a)zā'' and ''-r'' can also possess agentive meaning (''khazā'' “walker” from ''khadan'' “to walk”) | To create new [[w:Agent noun|agent nouns]] Meskangela has various agentive suffixes. The most common are: ''-is'' (''bërëjis'' “writer” from ''bërëjan'' “to write”), ''-cis'' (''lëtacis'' “witness” from ''lëtan'' “to look”), ''-ikā'' (''punikā'' “carrier” from ''punan'' “to carry by hand”), ''-wa'' (''biliŋwa'' “forest dweller” from ''biliŋ'' “forest”), ''-pa'' (''këmōpa'' “worker (Western)” from ''këmowan'' “to work”). The instrumental suffixes ''-(a)zā'' and ''-r'' can also possess agentive meaning (''khazā'' “walker” from ''khadan'' “to walk”). | ||
===Deixis=== | ===Deixis=== | ||
'''Topographical deixis''' refers to a variety of [[w:Deixis#Spatial_deixis|spatial-environmental deixis]], in which typically distal reference to entities is made in terms of a set of topographically-anchored referential planes: most often, upward, downward,or on the same level. Topographical deixis is a pervasive feature in Meskangela dialects. The primary frame of reference of deixis in Meskangela is egocentric, in that the speaker is a deictic centre. It manifests in the form of demonstrative pronouns, motion verbs modifiers and certain nominals, most commonly locatives. | '''Topographical deixis''' refers to a variety of [[w:Deixis#Spatial_deixis|spatial-environmental deixis]], in which typically distal reference to entities is made in terms of a set of topographically-anchored referential planes: most often, upward, downward,or on the same level. Topographical deixis is a pervasive feature in Meskangela dialects. The primary frame of reference of deixis in Meskangela is egocentric, in that the speaker is a deictic centre. It manifests in the form of demonstrative pronouns, motion verbs modifiers and certain nominals, most commonly locatives. | ||