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Ris: Difference between revisions
→Phonology
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==Background== | ==Background== | ||
The '''Ris''' language, '''ῤάνζι ρις''', is a [[w:conlang|constructed language]], but does have a fictional background set in the real world. | The '''Ris''' language, '''ῤάνζι ρις''', is a [[w:conlang|constructed language]], but does have a fictional background set in the real world. | ||
==Phonology== | ==Phonology and orthography== | ||
===Consonants=== | ===Consonants=== | ||
The following is the inventory of consonants in the | The following is the inventory of consonants in the Ris language. There are 18 contrastive consonants. | ||
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;" | {| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;" | ||
|+''' | |+'''Ris consonants''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="9"|Consonants | ! colspan="9"|Consonants | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"| | ! colspan="2" rowspan="2"| | ||
! rowspan="2"| Bilabial | ! rowspan="2"| Bilabial | ||
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"| Denti-alveolar | ! colspan="2" rowspan="1"| Denti-alveolar | ||
! rowspan="2"| Palatal | ! rowspan="2"| Palatal | ||
! rowspan="2"| Velar | ! rowspan="2"| Velar | ||
! rowspan="2"| Glottal | ! rowspan="2"| Glottal | ||
|- | |- | ||
! <small> | ! <small>plain</small> | ||
! <small>whispered</small> | |||
! <small> | |||
|- align="center" | |- align="center" | ||
!Nasals | !Nasals | ||
!<small>plain</small> | !<small>plain</small> | ||
|'''m''' /m/ | |'''m''' /m/ | ||
|'''n '''/n/ | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|[ŋ] | |||
| | |||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! rowspan="3"|Plosives | ! rowspan="3"|Plosives | ||
!<small>aspirated</small> | !<small>aspirated</small> | ||
|'''ph''' /pʰ/ | |||
|''' | |'''th''' /tʰ/ | ||
|'''th''' / | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|'''kh''' /kʰ/ | |||
| colspan="1" rowspan="3"| [ʔ] | |||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>unvoiced</small> | !<small>unvoiced</small> | ||
|'''p''' /p/ | |'''p''' /p/ | ||
|'''t''' /t/ | |'''t''' /t/ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|'''k''' /k/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>voiced</small> | !<small>voiced</small> | ||
|'''b''' /b/ | |'''b''' /b/ | ||
|'''d''' /d/ | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|'''g''' /g/ | |'''g''' /g/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="1" rowspan="2"|Fricatives | ! colspan="1" rowspan="2"|Fricatives | ||
!<small>unvoiced</small> | !<small>unvoiced</small> | ||
| | | | ||
| | |||
| | |'''s''' /s͎/ | ||
|'''s''' / | |||
| colspan="3" rowspan="1"|'''h''' /ç ~ x ~ h/ | | colspan="3" rowspan="1"|'''h''' /ç ~ x ~ h/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
!<small>voiced</small> | !<small>voiced</small> | ||
| | | | ||
| colspan="2" rowspan="1"|'''z''' /d͡z ~ d͡z͎ ~ z ~ z͎/ | |||
|[ʝ] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2"|Trills | |||
!<small>aspirated</small> | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|'''r''' /r̥ʰ/ | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! | !<small>voiced</small> | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|'''r''' /r/ | |'''r''' /r/ | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Approximants | ! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Approximants | ||
|'''ou''' /w/ | |||
|''' | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Laterals | ! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Laterals | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|'''l''' /l ~ ʎ/ | |||
|'''l''' /l ~ | |||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
|} | |} | ||
| Line 190: | Line 137: | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
<!-- Sentence --> | <!-- Sentence --> | ||
| colspan="5"|'''{{blue| | | colspan="5"|'''{{blue|ἒ}}τρο''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="5"|'''{{blue|h}} | | colspan="5"|'''{{blue|h}}étro''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
<!-- Pronunciation--> | <!-- Pronunciation--> | ||
| /ˈ{{blue|h}} | | /ˈ{{blue|h}}ɛtrɔ/ | ||
! = | ! = | ||
| /ˈ{{blue|x}} | | /ˈ{{blue|x}}ɛtrɔ/ | ||
! = | ! = | ||
|/ˈ{{blue|ç}} | |/ˈ{{blue|ç}}ɛtrɔ/ | ||
|- | |- | ||
<!-- Translation --> | <!-- Translation --> | ||
| colspan="5"| '' | | colspan="5"| ''normal, okay'' | ||
|} | |} | ||
The velar fricative is the most common one, but the phones are all affected by palatalisation, producing the palatal fricative [ç] | The velar fricative is the most common one, but the phones are all affected by palatalisation from front vowels, producing the palatal fricative [ç]. | ||
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;" | {| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em;" | ||
|+ | |+ | ||
<!-- Sentence --> | <!-- Sentence --> | ||
| colspan="4"|'''{{blue| | | colspan="4"|'''{{blue|ὒ}}ο''' | ||
| colspan="3"|'''{{blue| | | colspan="3"|'''{{blue|ἢ}}στιμι''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| colspan="4"|'''{{blue| | | colspan="4"|'''{{blue|h}}ýo''' | ||
| colspan="3"|'''{{blue| | | colspan="3"|'''{{blue|h}}ḗstimi''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
<!-- Pronunciation--> | <!-- Pronunciation--> | ||
| /ˈ{{blue| | | /ˈ{{blue|h}}ʏ̩.ɔ/ | ||
! → | ! → | ||
|[ˈ{{blue|ç}} | |[ˈ{{blue|ç}}ʏ̩.ɔ] | ||
! | ! | ||
|/ˈ{{blue| | |/ˈ{{blue|h}}eːs͎tɪmɪ/ | ||
! → | ! → | ||
| | |[ˈ{{blue|ç}}eːs͎tɪmɪ] | ||
|- | |- | ||
<!-- Translation --> | <!-- Translation --> | ||
| colspan="4"| ''to leave | | colspan="4"| ''to leave'' .{{sc|ind.m.}} | ||
| colspan="3"| ''pride'' | | colspan="3"| ''pride'' .{{sc|f}} | ||
|} | |} | ||
=====Palatalisation===== | =====Palatalisation===== | ||