Swuntsim

Swuntsim/Lexicon

Swuntsim Swadesh list

Swuntsim
Sfətsiv
Pronunciation	[/ˈsfətsiv/]
Created by	IlL
Setting	Verse:Tricin
Language family	Tsimulh Swuntsim

Swuntsim (SWUN-tsim; natively Sfətsiv /ˈsfətsiv/) is a language inspired by Lushootseed and Welsh.

Some typological characteristics:

• It is an agglutinative SVO language with a moderately complex verb system.
• It is pro-drop.
• Head-directionality is mixed, but unusual in that it is SVO and RelN.
• It has a simple grammatical gender system of animate-inanimate, but the much more complex Proto-Tsimulh noun class system has vestiges in noun pluralization.

"Simplified/partly creolized non-Standard Average Talman grammar"

SVO and RelN/AdjN~NAdj/GenN~NGen, kinda like Chinese

Todo

• -cütsi (8, various; pl) = 'hard, firm'
  • Scütsi (4, collectives and augmentatives) = personal name, meaning 'patient, enduring'
• tjway (7, places, slots, assignments) = 'name' (a name is an assignment)
• Yəy, yo fətjway? = Hello, what's your name?
• Cətjway... = My name is...
• Tidhavo! = See you!
• ξəp (7) = world
• ti-vayəξoe-σ = progressive
• Initial ʔ conflated with null initial (because Talman langs don't make the distinction)
• assimilation of cw, gw to c, g in syllables before c, g e.g. Ücwəgüsvaσ > Ücəgüsvaσ
• i'ist = a name?

Some clusters such as t+s are broken up to təs.

Prefix sandhi rules

ladhfadh tidha'üs dhacwitj atsavochwe abchidf

Swuntsim gib

Ti'ə dhi'ə atsiσtovif o ti'iσ tühacw zichvidh tjəσ. Go tüasσaσe o tüdhi sfavats. Dhiσəf tü'üchw. Tüσaσe. Go tσüfi'fi'. Go dhiσ tədhəfüchs ogwə'. Go tüσaσe ogwə'.

Go avsvədhvədha' ogwə'. Avsvədhvədha' ogwə'. Go ti'e iσütσ vədha's ogwə' go əscupcup. Əscupcup. Fi gwədjəsədhəs gwədhəfü'ibəsjəs. Go dhay ti'ə tjotjosəs.

Tüasσaσe ti'ə yoyoavs 'o tüdhi' cif sfavats o ti'ə pədhhədhəv. Go ətəse. Go oe ti'iσ tσüsce ə ti'ə dhi'ə suaf, ti'ə di'ə tσfay'. tu'a go əsjavoicw ogwə' ə ti'iσ voəsuadhf i tə viatsəs süfifis ogwə'.

Go oeəf ti sətjites fə'o cwi sətəses. Go σü'ətσaf ogwə'. Σüvəvocwaf ogwə' fə'o ti'ə dhi'ə tjit σcütsidh ə ti'ə dhi'ə sə'eütsidh ə Fcov. A cwədhi' təsəsσaσes əgwə. Tu'a go, go ətσtfaf ogwə' ti'ə stavs ogwə' o ti'ə dhadhatü.

Tu'a go tsüttəvəf 'ə təsi'ə' dhi'ə sσadhəy ti'ə vədha'əs əscupcup. Ütsüütsəf. "Dhəfuüs sif ti'ə dhvədha'. Go chu tsədhiσ cwi səschwacw. Go fi' gwəsəshayfs gwəchəσəσəs chətj ti'ə vədha's. Chuəf ogwə' ü'ətσ. Ucwitsf ogwə' tə stavs ogwə' savgwasəs ogwə'.

Tu'a go hüyütsütəf ti'ə dhi'ə tsədhiσ vədha's ogwə' əscupcup. Cwədhadhəf ti'ə dhətjü' sitsəvs i ti'ə sca'sjədhs. Tu'a go tüzace. Dhiσ dhay sühüs ti süzaces. Go zəceəf fə'o ti'ə tactavats, ti stactavats stütoəf. Go titjiv ftactütsidh. Titjivəf. Go əschətσədh ti'ə sitsəvs. Go σoe ftactütsidh go zace ftact. Zəce ftact go σtje fə'o ti'ə 'əsgwigwoc. Go tichidh ti'ə sitsəvs üσəcw. Go atsəts o ti'iσ. Go σache. Go cov.

ceəf ti'ə yoyoavs. Tüsas'avgwas. Go fi'oüsvitəvəf go gwətjtəvaf. Cwədhtəvaf ftjadh cwi süchwəs, ftjadh cwi süchwəs. Ücwətəvaf gücwitəs. Go gwətəva'. Go gwəpəcw o ti stuəf. Tu'a go atsəts. Fi'əf gwəso'uüs ogwə'. Chuəf ogwə' ügwətjəv. Go chwi gwədhəchcwəfs ogwə' o ti'iσ dhəfüfs.

Numbers

Talman Swuntsim has a set of base 10 numerals inherited from Sacred Swuntsim. Unlike in Sacred Swuntsim, however, base 12 is usually used.

Numbers inflect for animacy, but only the first word in the whole numeral inflects: Number words beginning with sjü '1' inflect that word. Number words beginning with a number word other than 1 use ts- for animates. For example:

• tsfisj 'two people'
• a vo sdüch əσü '13 women' (Note singular form əσü is used for 'woman', not the plural tsəσü.)
• fisj vo fisdüch əvay '26 names'

The numbers: 0 ξoi 1 a (an.), sjü (inan; default) 2 fisj 3 iyəv 4 uzoc 5 tu 6 tjayəzj 7 vutjo 8 gwivə 9 aay 10 cwidh 11 sjüv əσ cwidh 12 fisj əσ cwidh 20 fiscwidh 30 iyəvcwidh 100. pridh

Diachronical sketch

• m n > v dh
• sm sn > zv zd
• b d > b d
• g > gh > compensatory lengthening

Getting the aesthetic

• gʷ > w when not word initial.
• sb sd > zv zd
• xʷ > f
• ʔC > C: (geminate)
• /ʔb ʔd/ > /b d/
• Usacsj əsocwəv əzəpətj ef tüdjo = the living fish swims in water
• əmam = mother; əpap = father
• tüdjo = water
• tjvic = house
• üvC > uuC
• yʔ, wʔ > y, w

Orthography

Talman Swuntsim is usually written in the Windermere script. Words from Sacred Swuntsim are written in the original Swuntsim orthography.

Phonology

Consonants

Like many Tsimulh languages, Swuntsim has no liquids in most native words. However, liquids can occur in loaned vocabulary.

Swuntsim consonants

		Labial	Dental		Palatal	Velar		Laryngeal	Glottal
			central	lateral		plain	lab'zed
Nasal		m m	(n n)			(ŋ ŋ)
Stop	tenuis	p p	t t			c k	cw kʷ		' ʔ
	voiced	b b	d d			g g	gw gʷ
Fricative	voiceless	f f	s s	σ ɬ	sj ʃ	ch χ	chw χʷ		h h
	voiced	v v	dh ð z z		zj ʒ
Affricate	tenuis		ts ts	ξ tɬ	tj tʃ
	voiced				dj dʒ
Approximant			(r r)		y j		w w	(l ɴ̆)

gw, chw become g, ch before rounded vowels /y u o/.

r, l, m, n, ŋ are mainly used in loanwords. m is found in a limited number of native words.

Geminates are allowed and are rendered by doubling (for digraphs, doubling the first consonant).

Some speakers in Skella may use intrusive L [ɴ̆~ʁ] as in non-nasal Skellan accents to prevent hiatuses.

Vowels

i ü u e ə o a /i ü u e ə o a/

Stress

Stress is not fixed, but will always fall on one of the two last syllables.

Constructions

Modern Swuntsim is SVO in independent clauses and pro-drop:

Chə'əcwev təSfətsivəσ.

/χəˈʔəkʷev təsfəˈtsivəɬ/

chə-ʔə-cwev təSfətsiv-əσ

NEG.PRES-3SG.AN-say Swuntsim-ADV

He does not speak Swuntsim.

• The copula is go (inflected for tense).
• There is no relativizer; verbs have relative forms.
• The complementizer is ti (acc. tə + yi)

Adpositions consist of approximately equal number of prepositions and postpositions. Unlike in Standard Average Talman, adpositions do not inflect.

The constituent order is genitive-noun, noun-adjective, and noun-relative clause.

AdjN:

sjgwətjes zde

sj-gwətje-s s-de

SG.INAN-red-ATTR SG-flower

'red flower'

NGen or GenN depending on type of possession?

tjway əd cwə'əmams

tj-way əd cwə-ʔəmam-s

SG-name SG-of 1SG-mother-GEN

'my mother's name'

RelN, relative clauses are OV (very non-Standard Average Talman!)

tocadh aygwiσcwəv'oəch ətotj va tfii'odh fi zdowe.

yesterday 3SG.CL1-REL-APPL-1SG-PAST-appoint SG.man COP.PST beautiful and kind

The man I went out with yesterday was handsome and nice.

VComp:

Cwəchsla' ti fəv'oəch sadh ətotj tocadh.

cwə-ch-sla' ti fə-v-'oəch sadh ətotj tocadh

1SG-PRES-know COMP 2SG-PAST-appoint with SG-man yesterday

I know that you went out with the man yesterday.

Some adpositions must be used with thw genitive case.

• ef (+ gen.) = in
• tə (+ nom.) = accusative

"Have" construction

Swuntsim has no verb for "have"; instead the word djec 'with' is used.

o djec go tjvits (pronounced "o djeco tjvits")

1SG with COP SG-house

"I have a house"

Vocabulary

Swuntsim has many loanwords from Anbirese, Windermere, Eevo and other Talman languages.