Chlouvānem

Chlouvānem, natively Chlouvānaumi dældā ("language of the Chlouvānem people"), is the most spoken language on the planet of Calémere (Lac.: Liloejāmna). It is the official language of the Chlouvānem land (Chlouvānaumi bhælā), and a lingua franca in many areas of the eastern part of the continent of Evandor. Despite the fact that local vernaculars in most of the Chlouvānem lands are in fact daughter languages of Chlouvānem or creoles based on it, the Chlouvānaumi dældā is a fully living language as every Chlouvānem person is bilingual in it and in the local vernacular, and in fact in the last half century the Chlouvānem language itself has been replacing some vernaculars as internal migrations have become more and more common. About 1,4 billion people on the planet define themselves as native Chlouvānem speakers, more than for any other Calémerian language.

External History

Chlouvānem is the ninth radically restructured version of Laceyiam; I started creating it in late November 2016 as I found some parts of my conworld which were too unrealistic to work - and as such by changing the whole conworld I had to change the language. I took that opportunity to change some things in the grammar that, while I liked them and they worked well, I wanted to do in some different way — mainly this arises from my love of more complex inflection patterns. As such, compared to Laceyiam, Chlouvānem has much more influences from Sanskrit and Lithuanian (which always were my main influences anyway); other natlangs that influenced me a lot are Russian, Latvian, Icelandic, Proto-Indo-European, (Biblical) Hebrew, Latin, and Japanese. Still it is an a priori language and, despite having much in common with all of these (particularly with the IE ones), is also strikingly different (the Austronesian morphosyntactic alignment, morphological expression of evidentiality and more broadly the particular emphasis on moods probably being the most noticeable things). Moreover, I tried to create a language very different from my native language (Italian) while keeping many - not so apparent - similarities.
The morphology of Chlouvānem is very different from Laceyiam, though many words are still the same (like smrāṇa (spring), junai (foot), jāyim (girl), saṃhāram (boy)).

As I mentioned before, Chlouvānem is the latest version of the conlang for my main conculture. I started sketching conlangs back when I was 9 or 10 but only started interesting myself into linguistics seven years later - in 2014 - and since then I started doing more "serious" conlangs (the earlier ones were more like relexes of my native language, Italian). Ideally, Chlouvānem is the refined version of all of these languages, but except for a few recurring words (like maila (water) or hulyn (woman)) it is only comparable to those languages I have been creating since July 2015.

Chlouvānem is mainly thought for my conworld, but more than any other conlang of mine it is quite on the border between an art- and a heartlang.

Morphology

Nouns - Halenī

The Chlouvānem noun (haloe, pl. halenī) is highly inflected: it declines for three numbers (singular, dual, plural), and eleven cases (direct, vocative, accusative, ergative, genitive, translative, exessive, essive, dative, ablative, and locative). Nouns also have grammatical gender, being divided in three classes (called dragon, lotus, and parrot based on nouns included in them).

Gender

Genders and declensions are dependent on the form of the noun. Due to the prevailing endings in direct case, dragon nouns are also called the s-class; lotus nouns the m-class; and parrot nouns the h-class:

Dragon nouns (kaṃšūlñeis halenī):

• 1s: nouns ending in -as or -ās
• 2s: nouns ending in -us or -ūs
• 3s: nouns ending in -is or -īs
• 4s: nouns ending in -oe /ˈɔə̯/

Lotus nouns (yujamñeis halenī):

• 1m: nouns ending in -am, -em, -ām, -ėm, or any vowel plus -n
• 2m: nouns ending in -um or -ūm
• 3m: nouns ending in -im or -īm
• 4m: nouns ending in -ai

Parrot nouns (geltařñeis halenī):

• 1h: nouns ending in -a, -ah, -ā, or -āh
• 2h: nouns ending in -ė, -eh, or -ėh (and a few exceptions in -oê /ɔˈɛ/)
• 3h: nouns ending in -uh or -ūh
• 4h: nouns ending in -ih or -īh (plus a few exceptional ones in -i)
• 5h: nouns ending in -a which have ablaut-conditioned variations in their stems in different cases

Dragon nouns

The first declension of dragon nouns is also the most common one for that gender. Like all other nominal declensions, the vocative is only distinct in the singular, and dual and plural have the same forms for translative, exessive, essive, dative, ablative, and locative.

Case	Singular	Dual	Plural
Direct	prātas "wind"	prātudi	prāte
Vocative	prātau	prātudi	prāte
Accusative	prātu	prātudau	prātānu
Ergative	prāteṃs	prātudeni	prātān
Genitive	prāti	prātudais	prātumi
Translative	prātan	prātyoh	prātyoh
Exessive	prātat	prātyās	prātyās
Essive	prātą	prātvin	prātvin
Dative	prātui	prātouti	prātouti
Ablative	prātų	prātenīs	prātenīs
Locative	prāte	prātilīm	prātilīm

Numerals - Mālūye

Chlouvānem has a decimal numeral system which has however a base-5 sub-base for some numbers (mainly 5 and 11-19) and a base-20 borrowed one for the tens.

Numbers have six different forms: cardinal, ordinal, collective, distributive, adverbial/multiplicative, and fractionary. Cardinal 1, 2, and 3 are adjectives, as are all ordinal and collective ones; 1-4 have separate adverbial forms, while all other ones have an invariable adjective used as multiplicative and a derived adverb used as adverbial. All distributive, fractionary, and cardinal (except 1-3) numbers are invariable.

Digit	Cardinal	Ordinal	Collective	Distributive	Adv./Multiplicative	Fractionary
0	ajrā	(ajrāyendes)	(ajrājes)	(ajrauṣā)	(lājrā)	—
1	leil leilum leila	lahīlas	leilajāsis	leiluṣā	leilaϑit / lāleil (lāleilum, lāleila)	leilaskā
2	dani danīm danīh	hælinaikas	daniajāsis	daniṣā	daniϑit / lādani (lādanīm, lādanīh)	danīrṣkā
3	tarvas tarvam tarvė	tarvendes	tarvajāsis	tarvuṣā	tarvaϑit / lātarvas (lātarvam, lātarvė)	tarveṃskā
4	nahoê	nahėbindes	nahėñjāsis	nahėbuṣā	nahėbāϑit / lānahoê	nahėbiṃskā
5	švā	švājindes	švāyajāsis	švauṣā	lāšvā	švajiṃskā
6	tulū'a	tulū'endes	tulū'ajāsis	tulū'uṣā	lātulū'a	tulū'eṃskā
7	chīka	chīkendes	chīkajāsis	chīcuṣā	lāchīka	chīkeṃskā
8	teitė	teitendes	teitajāsis	teiteṣā	lāteitė	teiteṃskā
9	moja	mojendes	mojajāsis	mojuṣā	lāmoja	mojeṃskā
10	na'ikām	na'ikāmindes	na'ikāñjes	na'ikāṃṣā	lāna'ikām	na'ikāmiṃskā
11	lelišvatī	lelišvatīlindes	lelišvatījes	lelišvatīṣā	lālelišvatī	lelišvatīliṃskā
12	danešvatī	danešvatīlindes	danešvatījes	danešvatīṣā	lādanešvatī	danešvatīliṃskā
13	tarošvati	tarošvatīlindes	tarošvatījes	tarošvatīṣā	lātarošvatī	tarošvatīliṃskā
14	nahėšvatī	nahėšvatīlindes	nahėšvatījes	nahėšvatīṣā	lānahėšvatī	nahėšvatīliṃskā
15	švāmašvatī	švāmašvatīlindes	švāmašvatījes	švāmašvatīṣā	lāšvāmašvatī	švāmašvatīliṃskā
16	tulūšvatī	tulūšvatīlindes	tulūšvatījes	tulūšvatīṣā	lātulūšvatī	tulūšvatīliṃskā
17	chīcæšvatī	chīcæšvatīlindes	chīcæšvatījes	chīcæšvatīṣā	lāchīcæšvatī	chīcæšvatīliṃskā
18	teitašvatī	teitašvatīlindes	teitašvatījes	teitašvatīṣā	lāteitašvatī	teitašvatīliṃskā
19	moješvatī	moješvatīlindes	moješvatījes	moješvatīṣā	lāmoješvatī	moješvatīliṃskā
20	ekāma	ekāmendes	ekāmajāsis	ekāṃṣā	laikāma	ekāmeṃskā