Tigol/Morphology
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Morphology is the most complex part of Old Tíogall. Much of Proto-Talmic morphology survives in Old Tíogall. However, Old Tíogall is most notorious for its often unpredictable verbal allomorphy.
Nouns
Adjectives
Pronouns
Verb prefixes
Object prefixes
Verb TAMs
Old Tíogall inherits many TAMs directly from Thensarian. In addition, Old Tíogall displays extensive verb allomorphy. Verbs can be grouped in two ways: non-prefixed and prefixed, and non-ablauting and ablauting. The verb tables below will use the following example verbs:
- Unprefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. túsaiṁ /ˈtuːsai̯mʰ/ 'he prays', ní·túsa /niːˈtuːsa/ 'he does not pray' (modern tús)
- Unprefixed, ablauting verbs: e.g. sormaiṁ /sombai̯mʰ/ 'he finds (intransitive)', ní·sorma /niːˈsomba/ 'he does not find' (modern sorm)
- Prefixed, non-ablauting verbs: e.g. as·tóċ /asˈtoːkʰ/ 'he proves', ní·assaċ /niːˈasːakʰ/ 'he does not prove' (modern stóch)
- Prefixed ablauting verbs: e.g. dos·coḃ /dosˈkobʰ/ 'he tolerates' (*de-as-coḃ), ní·dep /niːˈdep/ 'he does not tolerate' (modern doscabh)
In case where there is a preverb, the first syllable after the interpunct is stressed.
Present
| Person | túsain "pray, request" (non-prefixed, non-ablauting) |
as·tóċan "prove" (prefixed, non-ablauting) |
|---|---|---|
| 1SG | túsain < tussanis ní·tús < nīs tussan |
as·tóċ < astosāconis ní·assaċ < nīs astosācon |
| 2SG | túsair < tussaris ní·túsar < nīs tussar |
as·tóċar < astosācoris ní·assaċar < nīs astosācor |
| 3SG.M | túsaiṁ < tussamis ní·tús < nīs tussam |
as·tóċ < astosācomis ní·assaċ < nīs astosācom |
| 3SG.F | túsae < tussasis ní·túsae < nīs tussasi |
as·tóċae < astosācosis ní·assaċ < nīs astosācosi |
| 3SG.N | tús < tussas ní·tús < nīs tussa |
as·tóċ < astosācos ní·assaċ < nīs astosāco |
| 1EX | túsme < tussamēs ní·túsaiṁ < nīs tussamē |
as·tóċaiṁ < astosācomēs ní·assaċaiṁ < nīs astosācomē |
| 1IN | túsait < tussantis ní·túsat < nīs tussant |
as·tóċat < astosācontis ní·assaċat < nīs astosācont |
| 2PL | túsaisc < tussasces ní·túsaisc < nīs tussasce |
as·tóċaisc < astosācosces ní·assaċaisc < nīs astosācosce |
| 3PL | túsaiḋ < tussatis ní·túsaḋ < nīs tussat |
as·tóċaḋ < astosācotis ní·assaċaḋ < nīs astosācot |
Imperfect
The imperfect is formed with reduplication as in Thensarian.
Preterite
Future
Subjunctive
Conditional
Partially influenced by optative, partially by preterite