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{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|image =
|creator = User:Iancgil
|imagesize =
|creator = [[User:iancgil|iancgil]]
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|name = {{PAGENAME}}
|setting =
|nativename = Ináwah
|nativename = '''Ináwah''
|pronunciation=ʔi.ˈná.wah
|pronunciation=[ʔi.ˈná.wah]
|familycolor=conlang
|region =
|fam1= Proto-'Ináwah
|familycolor=
|scripts=* Tlatá Logography
|fam1=  
|fam2=
|fam3=
|famr= 'Ináwah
|iso3=
|script=Tlatá Logography
|notice=IPA
|notice=IPA
}}
}}


=Introduction=
'Ináwah {{IPA|[ʔi.ˈná.wah]}} is the language spoken by the people of 'Iná, the 'Inábe. It is an agglutinative tonal language inspired largely by the indigenous languages of the Americas such as Sioux, Navajo, Cherokee, Mohowk, Apache, and Mayan.
=Phonology=
=Phonology=
==Consonants==
==Consonants==


{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
!''' '''
!colspan="2"|
!'''Bilabial'''
!'''Bilabial'''
!'''Dental'''
!'''Dental'''
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!'''Glottal'''
!'''Glottal'''
|-
|-
!'''Plosive'''
!rowspan="2"|'''Plosive'''
|p b
!voicless
|t d
|'''p''' /p/
|'''t''' /t/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|k g
|'''k''' /k/
|ʔ
|<b>'</b> /ʔ/
|-
|-
!'''Nasal'''
!voiced
|m
|'''b''' /b/
|n
|'''d''' /d/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|'''g''' /g/
|
|
|-
!colspan="2"|'''Nasal'''
|'''m''' /m/
|'''n''' /n/
|
|
|
|
|
|-
!rowspan="2"|'''Fricative'''
!voiceless
|
|
|'''s''' /s/
|'''sh''' /ʃ/
|
|
|'''h''' /h/
|-
!voiced
|
|
|'''z''' /z/
|
|
|'''gh''' /ɣ/
|
|
|-
|-
!'''Fricative'''
!colspan="2"|'''Lateral Fricative'''
|
|'''lh''' /ɬ/
|
|
|
|
|
|
|s z
|ʃ
|
|
|ɣ
|h
|-
|-
!'''Lateral Fricative'''
!colspan="2"|'''Approximant'''
|
|
|ɬ
|
|
|
|
|
|
|'''y''' /j/
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!'''Approximant'''
!colspan="2"|'''Lateral Approximant'''
|
|
|
|
|'''l''' /l/
|
|
|
|
|j
|
|
|
|
|-
|-
!'''Lateral Approximant'''
!rowspan="2"|'''Affricate'''
!voiceless
|
|
|
|
|l
|'''tl''' /tɬ/
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|-
|-
!'''Affricate'''
!voiced
|
|
|
|
|tɬ dɮ
|'''dl''' /dɮ/
|
|
|
|
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|-
|-
!'''Close'''
!'''Close'''
|i
|'''i''' /i/
|u
|'''u''' /u/
|uj
|'''uy''' /uj/
|-
|-
!'''Close-Mid'''
!'''Close-Mid'''
|e
|'''e''' /e/
|
|
|ej
|'''ey''' /ej/
|-
|-
!'''Open'''
!'''Open'''
|a
|'''a''' /a/
|
|
|aj
|'''ay''' /aj/
|}
|}


==Tones==
==Tones==
'Ináwah technically only has two tones (high and neutral), but adjacent, identical vowels with contrasting tones may produce rising or falling tones with long vowel length in lax speech. A high tone is the marked tone and is denoted in romanization by an acute acent.
'Ináwah technically only has two tones (high and neutral), but adjacent, identical vowels with contrasting tones may produce rising or falling tones with long vowel length in lax speech. A high tone is the marked tone and is denoted in romanization by an acute acent.<br><br>
''Examples:''<br>
niʔí > nǐː<br>
nasúʔubá > nasûːubá


==Phonotactics==
==Phonotactics==
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=Orthography=
=Orthography=
==Romanization==
The main orthography of 'Ináwah is the Tlatá logography, but later 'Inábe created and used the Súdu syllabary often along with Tlatá.
Most sounds are represented with the IPA equivalent except for a few mentioned here.


{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
==Tlatá Logography==
!'''IPA'''
The [https://linguifex.com/wiki/Tlat%C3%A1_Logography Tlatá Logography] is the primary writing system used for 'Ináwah.
!'''Romanization'''
|-
|ʔ
|'
|-
|ɬ
|lh
|-
|tɬ
|tl
|-
|dɮ
|dl
|-
|j
|y
|}


==Other Orthographies==
==Súdu Syllabary==
*Tlatá Logography
*Súdu Syllabary


=Morphology=
=Morphology=
==Verbs==
==Verbs==
Verbs play a large role in 'Ináwah and can often compose the entire sentence.They are marked for negation, person, number, tense, and mood/mode.
===Structure of the Verb===
===Structure of the Verb===
(negation) + (nominal prefix) + [stem] + (tense) + (mood)
(negation) + (nominal prefix) + [stem] + (tense) + (mood)
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===Pronominal Prefixes===
===Pronominal Prefixes===
Pronominal prefixes are required for all verbs that are not infinitives.  
Pronominal prefixes are required for all verbs that are not infinitives.  
====First Person====
'''First Person'''


{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
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!'''English'''
!'''English'''
|-
|-
|'''Singlular'''
|'''Singular'''
|pe-
|pe-
|<b>pe</b>mu
|<b>pe</b>mu
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|-
|-
|'''Dual Exclusive'''
|'''Dual Exclusive'''
|'ipeyé-
|ipeyé-
|<b>'ipeyé</b>mu
|<b>ipeyé</b>mu
|We both walk, but not you.
|We both walk, but not you.
|-
|-
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|-
|-
|'''Plural Exclusive'''
|'''Plural Exclusive'''
|'ité-
|ité-
|<b>'ité</b>mu
|<b>ité</b>mu
|We all walk, but not you
|We all walk, but not you
|}
|}


====Second Person====
'''Second Person'''


{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
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|'''Plural'''
|'''Plural'''
|'iwa-
|'iwa-
|<b>'iwa</b>mu
|<b>iwa</b>mu
|You all walk.
|You all walk.
|}
|}


====Third Person====
'''Third Person'''


{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
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|'''Plural'''
|'''Plural'''
|'ima-
|'ima-
|<b>'ima</b>mu
|<b>ima</b>mu
|They all walk.
|They all walk.
|}
|}
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===Negation===
===Negation===
<table border='1' bgcolor='#efefef'>
 
<tr><th bgcolor='#cccccc'>Negation</th><th bgcolor='#cccccc'>Prefix</th><th bgcolor='#cccccc'>'Ináwah Example</th><th bgcolor='#cccccc'>English</th></tr>
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
<tr><td align=center>Simple Negation</td><td align=center>ba-</td><td align=center><b>ba</b>kemu</td><td align=center>I don't walk.</td></tr>
!'''Negation'''
<tr><td align=center>Double Negation</td><td align=center>'úba-, ba'úba-, 'úba'úba-, …</td><td align=center><b>'úba</b>kemu</td> <td align=center>I don't not walk.</td></tr>
!'''Prefix'''
<tr><td align=center>Intensified Negation</td><td align=center>ba+ba-, …</td><td align=center><b>baba</b>kemu</td> <td align=center>I definitely don't walk.</td></tr>
!''''Ináwah Example'''
</table>
!'''English'''
|-
|'''Simple Negation'''
|ba-
|<b>ba</b>kemu
|I don't walk.
|-
|'''Double Negation'''
|'úba-, ba'úba-, 'úba'úba-, …
|<b>'úba</b>kemu
|I don't not walk.
|-
|'''Reduplication Negation'''
|ba+ba-, …
|<b>baba</b>kemu
|I definitely don't walk.
|}


===Mood and Mode===
===Mood and Mode===
<table border='1' bgcolor='#efefef'>
 
<tr><th bgcolor='#cccccc'>Mood/Mode</th><th bgcolor='#cccccc'>Suffix</th><th bgcolor='#cccccc'>'Ináwah Example</th><th bgcolor='#cccccc'>English</th></tr>
{| {{Table/bluetable}} style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle"
<tr><td align=center>Indicative</td><td align=center>n/a</td><td align=center>wamu</td><td align=center>You walk.</td></tr>
!'''Mood/Mode'''
<tr><td align=center>Interrogative</td><td align=center>-su</td><td align=center>wamushe<b>su</b></td><td align=center>Did you walk?</td></tr>
!'''Suffix'''
<tr><td align=center>Imperative</td><td align=center>-'alé</td><td align=center>wamu<b>'alé</b></td><td align=center>(You) walk.</td></tr>
!''''Ináwah Example'''
<tr><td align=center>Jussive</td><td align=center>-sú'é</td><td align=center>'imamu<b>sú'é</b></td><td align=center>They should walk.</td></tr>
!'''English'''
<tr><td align=center>Potential</td><td align=center>-bu</td><td align=center>pemu<b>bu</b></td><td align=center>I could walk.</td></tr>
|-
<tr><td align=center>Hypothetical</td><td align=center>-wi</td><td align=center>wamushe<b>wi</b></td><td align=center>You could have walked. (it was possible)</td></tr>
|'''Indicative'''
<tr><td align=center>Possibility</td><td align=center>-ga</td><td align=center>wamu<b>ga</b></td><td align=center>You might walk.</td></tr>
|n/a
<tr><td align=center>Opative</td><td align=center>-'ubá</td><td align=center>wamu<b>'ubá</b></td><td align=center>You want/wish to walk.</td></tr>
|wamu
</table>
|You walk.
|-
|'''Interrogative'''
| -su
|wamushe<b>su</b>
|Did you walk?
|-
|'''Imperative'''
| -'alé
|wamu<b>'alé</b>
|You must/should walk. (command)
|-
|'''Jussive'''
| -sú'é
|'imamu<b>sú'é</b>
|They must/should walk. (command)
|-
|'''Potential'''
| -bu
|pemu<b>bu</b>
|I could walk.
|-
|'''Hypothetical'''
| -wi
|wamushe<b>wi</b>
|If you could have walked...
|-
|'''Possibility'''
| -ga
|wamu<b>ga</b>
|You might walk.
|-
|'''Opative'''
| -'ubá
|wamu<b>'ubá</b>
|You want/wish to walk.
|}


==Nouns==
==Nouns==
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|-
|-
|'''Dual Exclusive'''
|'''Dual Exclusive'''
|'ipeyé-
|ipeyé-
|<b>'ipeyé</b>be
|<b>ipeyé</b>be
|We both, but not you
|We both, but not you
|-
|-
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|-
|-
|'''Plural Exclusive'''
|'''Plural Exclusive'''
|'ité-
|ité-
|<b>'ité</b>be
|<b>ité</b>be
|We all, but not you
|We all, but not you
|}
|}
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|-
|-
|'''Plural'''
|'''Plural'''
|'iwa-
|iwa-
|<b>'iwa</b>be
|<b>iwa</b>be
|You all
|You all
|}
|}
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|-
|-
|'''Plural'''
|'''Plural'''
|'ima-
|ima-
|<b>'ima</b>be
|<b>ima</b>be
|They all
|They all
|}
|}
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==Conjunctions==
==Conjunctions==
*nasha - that, so, in order to
*su'í - and
==Interfixes==
==Interfixes==


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=Sample Texts=
=Sample Texts=
Ídu yáwah té masi lahás ma'ú té.<br>
''The knowledge of the Creator is the most noble.''<br>
Shéna wayadú'í'alé nasha kikí wayadú'í.<br>
''You must receive pain to receive benefit.''<br>
[[Category: Languages]][[Category: A priori]][[Category: 'Ináwah]][[Category: Nominative-accusative languages]]
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