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Alska: Difference between revisions
→Syntax
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Notice how there is no auxiliary verb in the second example. Translated literally, it means 'Want I run?'. | Notice how there is no auxiliary verb in the second example. Translated literally, it means 'Want I run?'. | ||
===Cases=== | |||
Alska has 4 grammatical cases: Nominative, Accusative, Dative, and Genitive. | |||
====Nominative==== | |||
Nominative Case is used to show the subject of a sentence, although there is no case marking for this case in Alska. | |||
====Accusative==== | |||
Accusative Case shows the direct object of a sentence, and once again there are no case markings for it. | |||
While there is no direct marking on the noun, pronouns do change to conform to Accusative case. | |||
*<i>jeg</i> - <i>mig</i> | |||
*<i>du</i> - <i>digg</i> | |||
====Dative==== | |||
Dative Case shows the indirect object of a sentence, and is the one case where case marking occurs. The indefinite and definite articles undergo a vowel shift, from 'e' to 'a'. | |||
*<i>en/et</i> - <i>an/at</i> | |||
<i>*den/det</i> - <i>dan/dat</i> | |||
====Genitive==== | |||
Genitive Case shows possession of a noun by another entity, and is the only case that has in-depth rules. | |||
Possession can be shown in two ways: with a possessive pronoun or in an 'of the' phrase. Using a possessive pronoun is more common in speech, although there are situations where an 'of the' phrase would be more accurate. | |||
When showing possession with a pronoun, one simply puts the pronoun in front of the noun being possessed. For example: | |||
*<i>minn skole</i> - my school | |||
*<i>ditt hus</i> - your hus | |||
Notice how the syntax here is exactly like English. This is by far the easiest way to use Genitive case. | |||
Also notice how '<i>dinn</i>' changes to '<i>ditt</i>'. This is because '<i>hus</i>' is neuter in gender. This change applies to most possessive pronouns when they own a neuter word. | |||
There is no actual 'of the' phrase in Alska, instead the noun being possessed is made definite and put in front of a possessive pronoun: | |||
*<i>skolen minn</i> - the school (of) me | |||
*<i>huset hans</i> - the house (of) his/his house | |||
'<i>Hans</i>' and '<i>huns</i>' are the only two pronouns that do not undergo the 'tt' change when possessing a neuter noun. They are also used instead of '<i>sinn</i>', and '<i>hanner/hunner</i>'. | |||
[[Category:Conlangs]] | [[Category:Conlangs]] | ||