Avendonian: Difference between revisions

Avendonian (view source)

Revision as of 15:21, 17 September 2020

3,593 bytes added , 17 September 2020

no edit summary

Sware

Bureaucrats, Administrators

45,322

edits

@@ Line 556: / Line 556: @@
 {| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
 |-
-|+ colspan="100%"|weak 2<sup>nd</sup> conjugation example paradigm — ''{{term|ladere}}'' “to invite”
+|+ colspan="100%" | weak 2<sup>nd</sup> conjugation example paradigm — ''{{term|ladere}}'' “to invite”
 |-
 ! colspan="3" | active participle
@@ Line 653: / Line 653: @@
 * The only difference between active and passive participles, present indicative, future, and conditional of each conjugation is the [[w:Thematic vowel#Latin|thematic vowel]]. E.g. 2{{Abbtip|singular number|sg|sc}} {{Abbtip|present tense|prs|sc}} {{Abbtip|indicative mood|ind|sc}} '''lad<u>a</u>s''' vs. '''lad<u>e</u>s'''.
 * Perfect subjunctive forms are perfect indicative forms with a '''-se''' suffix.
-* If the thematic vowel is '''a''', then the vowel in the present subjunctive endings is '''e''', and vice versa.
+* If the thematic vowel is {{angbr|a}}, then the vowel in the present subjunctive endings is {{angbr|e}}, and vice versa.
 * The personal endings in their most basic form are '''-Ø''', '''-s''', '''-Ø''', '''-mos''', '''-tes''', '''-n'''.
 * Imperative forms are exactly as singular and plural third-person present indicative forms. Formal imperatives are formed similarly with present subjunctive forms.
@@ Line 740: / Line 740: @@
 ====Irregular vebrs====
+Besides the copula, there are only two irregular verbs: '''{{term|duere}}''' and '''{{term|friiere}}'''—and [[w:Derivative (linguistics)|derivatives]] thereof.
+In the perfect tenses, '''duere''' uses {{angbr|v}} instead of the expected {{angbr|u}}: '''eo davi''', not ''*eo daui'', '''tu davis''', not ''*tu dauis'', etc.; '''eo davise''', '''tu davises''', etc.
+'''friiere''', on the other hand, has an irregularity in the imperfect indicative tense. The expected ''*eo friiia'', ''*tu friiias'', etc. is rendered as '''eo frigia''', '''tu frigias''', etc.
+=====''sire'', to be=====
+Like many other languages, including Romance and Germanic, the verb “to be” is very irregular. The copula is [[w:suppletion|suppletive]], meaning the stem changes between stems. A full conjugation paradigm is given.
+{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
+|-
+! colspan="3" style="background-color: #FFB0B0;" | infinitive
+| colspan="5" | {{term|sire}}
+|-
+! colspan="3" style="background-color: #95FFCB" | active participle
+| colspan="5" style="text-align:center;" | vesanti
+|-
+! colspan="3" style="background-color: #FFB0B0" | passive participle
+| colspan="5" style="text-align:center;" |
+{| class="wikitable" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; border: none;"
+|-
+! !! masculine !! feminine
+|-
+! singular
+| sito || sita
+|-
+! plural
+| siti || site
+|-
+|}
+|-
+|-
+! colspan="2" style="background:linear-gradient(to top right,#EAECF0 49.5%,#aaa 49.5%,#aaa 50.5%,#EAECF0 50.5%);line-height:1;" | <div style="margin-left:2em;text-align:right;">person&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</div><div style="margin-right:2em;text-align:left;">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;tense</div>
+! style="width:12.5%" | first singular<br/>''eo''
+! style="width:12.5%" | second singular<br/>''tu''
+! style="width:12.5%" | third singular<br/>''e'', ''si'', ''et''
+! style="width:12.5%" | first plural<br/>''vi''
+! style="width:12.5%" | second plural<br/>''i''
+! style="width:12.5%" | third plural<br/>''si''
+|-
+! rowspan="5" | indicative
+! style="background-color: #FFCA95" | present
+| bi
+| bis
+| bin
+| bimos
+| bites
+| bin
+|-
+! style="background-color: #95FFCB" | perfect
+| va
+| vas
+| va
+| vamos
+| vates
+| van
+|-
+! style="background-color: #B8B8FF" | imperfect
+| era
+| eras
+| era
+| eramos
+| erates
+| eran
+|-
+! style="background-color: #FFB0B0" | future
+| sirabo
+| sirabes
+| sirabe
+| sirabemos
+| sirabetes
+| siraben
+|-
+! style="background-color: #FFB0B0" | conditional
+| siraba
+| sirabas
+| siraba
+| sirabamos
+| sirabates
+| siraban
+|-
+! rowspan="2" | subjunctive
+! style="background-color: #FFB0B0" | present
+| si
+| sis
+| si
+| simos
+| sites
+| sin
+|-
+! style="background-color: #95FFCB" | perfect
+| vari
+| varis
+| vari
+| varimos
+| varites
+| varin
+|-
+!  colspan="2" style="background-color: #FFB0B0" | imperative
+| style="background-color:#aaa" |
+| si
+| style="background-color:#aaa" |
+| style="background-color:#aaa" |
+| sin
+| style="background-color:#aaa" |
+|}
+:::: {{legend|#ffb0b0|Ultimately from [[w:Proto-Indo-European language|Proto-Indo-European]] ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁es-|*h₁es-]]''. Cognate with [[w:German language|German]] ''[[wikt:sein#German|sein]]'' and [[w:Dutch language|Dutch]] ''[[wikt:zijn#Dutch|zijn]]''.}}
+:::: {{legend|#95ffcb|From [[w:Proto-Germanic language|Proto-Germanic]] ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wesaną|*wesaną]]''.}}
+:::: {{legend|#b8b8ff|From [[w:Latin language|Latin]] ''[[wikt:sum#Latin|sum]]''.}}
+:::: {{legend|#ffca95|From Proto-Germanic ''[[wikt:Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/beuną|*beuną]]''.}}
 [[Category:Avendonian]][[Category:Germanic languages]][[Category:West Germanic languages]][[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]]