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Essanian: Difference between revisions
→Phonological
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**E.g. PŎNTE(M) > ''puent'' /pwen/ (Spanish, Asturian ''puente'' vs Catalan ''pont'', Galician/Portuguese ''ponte'') | **E.g. PŎNTE(M) > ''puent'' /pwen/ (Spanish, Asturian ''puente'' vs Catalan ''pont'', Galician/Portuguese ''ponte'') | ||
:::ŎCTO > ''weito'' /ˈwejto/ "eight" (Aragonese ''ueit(o)'', obsolete Asturian ''uecho'', Catalan ''vuit'' vs Spanish ''ocho'', Galician/Portuguese ''oito'') | :::ŎCTO > ''weito'' /ˈwejto/ "eight" (Aragonese ''ueit(o)'', obsolete Asturian ''uecho'', Catalan ''vuit'' vs Spanish ''ocho'', Galician/Portuguese ''oito'') | ||
:::FĔRRU(M) > ''fierru'' /ˈfjeru/ "iron" (Spanish, Aragonese '' | :::FĔRRU(M) > ''fierru'' /ˈfjeru/ "iron" (Spanish ''hierro'', Aragonese ''fierro'', Asturian ''fierru'' vs Galician/Portuguese, Catalan ''ferro'') | ||
*Preservation of initial F-. | *Preservation of initial F-. | ||
**Differs from Spanish and some varieties of Astur-Leonese. | **Differs from Spanish and some varieties of Astur-Leonese. | ||
**E.g. FĔRRU(M) > ''fierru'' /ˈfjeru/ "iron" (Galician/Portuguese, Catalan ''ferro'' vs Spanish ''hierro'') | **E.g. FĔRRU(M) > ''fierru'' /ˈfjeru/ "iron" (Galician/Portuguese, Catalan ''ferro'', Aragonese ''fierro'' vs Spanish ''hierro'') | ||
*Preservation of initial L-. | *Preservation of initial L-. | ||
**Differs from Astur-Leonese and Catalan. | **Differs from Astur-Leonese and Catalan. | ||
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*Preservation of non-dropped final -U(M) as /u/. | *Preservation of non-dropped final -U(M) as /u/. | ||
**Shared with Astur-Leonese and Portuguese (though it is likely a secondary development in the latter). | **Shared with Astur-Leonese and Portuguese (though it is likely a secondary development in the latter). | ||
**E.g. | **E.g. FĔRRU(M) > ''fierru'' /ˈfjeru/ "iron" (Asturian ''fierru'' vs Spanish ''hierro'', Aragonese ''fierro'', Catalan ''ferro'') | ||
*Dropping of final -E(M) in many environments. | *Dropping of final -E(M) in many environments. | ||
**Shared with Aragonese, Catalan, and (to some extent) Spanish. | **Shared with Aragonese, Catalan, and (to some extent) Spanish. | ||
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**E.g. HABĒRE > ''aver'' /aˈveɾ/ "to have" (Portuguese, Catalan ''haver'' vs Spanish, Asturian, Aragonese, Galician ''haber'') | **E.g. HABĒRE > ''aver'' /aˈveɾ/ "to have" (Portuguese, Catalan ''haver'' vs Spanish, Asturian, Aragonese, Galician ''haber'') | ||
*The following features are unique to Essanian among the Iberian Romance languages: | *The following features are unique to Essanian among the Iberian Romance languages: | ||
**-ST- becomes /θ/. | **-ST- becomes /θ/ - e.g. CŎSTA(M) > ''cueça'' /ˈkweθa/ "slope" (Spanish ''cuesta''). | ||
**-SC- (non-palatalized) and -SP- become /ʃ/. | **-SC- (non-palatalized) and -SP- become /ʃ/ - e.g. SPATULA(M) > ''xalha'' /ˈʃaʎa/ "shoulder" (Catalan ''espatlla''); SCHOLA(M) > ''xuela'' /ˈʃwela/ "school" (Spanish ''escuela''). | ||
**Palatalization of C (before front vowels) and -TI- (before vowels) to /tʃ/. | **Palatalization of C (before front vowels) and -TI- (before vowels) to /tʃ/ - e.g. RATIŌNE(M) > ''rachón'' /raˈtʃon/ "reason" (Spanish ''razón''). | ||
*Insertion of /w/ before or after a | **Insertion of /w/ before or after a rounded vowel to avoid hiatus - e.g. TUA(M) > ''tuwa'' /ˈtuwa/ "your" (Portuguese ''tua''). | ||
*Preservation of W- in loanwords. | **Preservation of W- in loanwords - e g. WARDARE > ''wardar'' /waɾˈdaɾ/ "to guard" (Aragonese ''guardar''). | ||
====Morphological==== | ====Morphological==== | ||