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{{Featured
|featured banner=Kās danghāh ester ānki līshahit. Kūki naskō dūmunkō, hardātarī nu ihnāmātaren ātātē danghāhī, esti apēn hōkuahanti kitsi līshahit.}}
{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name = Harākti
|name = Harākti
|nativename = {{cuneiform|𒄩𒊏𒀀𒀝𒋾}} Harākti
|nativename = {{cuneiform|𒀀𒇉𒁴}}<br/>Harākti
|pronunciation = [xaˈɾaːkti]
|pronunciation = xaˈɾaːkti
|region = Eurasia
|setting = Eurasia
|states =  
|states =  
|nation =  
|nation =  
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|date = 2013
|date = 2013
|familycolor = Indo-European
|familycolor = Indo-European
|fam1 = [[w:Indo-European_languages|Indo-European]]
|fam2 = [[w:Anatolian languages|Anatolian]] (?)
|fam2 = [[w:Anatolian languages|Anatolian]] (?)
|ancestor = Old Harākti (?)
|ancestor = Old Harākti (?)
|iso1 = hk
|clcr = qhk
|iso2 = hk
|script1        = Latn
|iso3 = qhk
|script2      = Xsux
|script        = [[w:Latin script|Latin]]
|agency        =  
|agency        =  
|creator      = User:Ashucky
}}
}}


'''Harākti''' (natively written as {{cuneiform|𒄩𒊏𒀀𒀝𒋾}} (''ha-ra-a-ak-ti''), transliterated as ''harākti'', [[w:IPA|IPA]]: [xaˈɾaːkti]) is an [[w:Indo-European_languages|Indo-European language]]. It is part of the [[w:Anatolian languages|Anatolian branch]] of the Indo-European languages, although it differs extensivly from the rest of the Anatolian languages, which is the reason for some speculation regarding its place within the Indo-European family. The strongest argument placed forward in favour of Harākti being an Anatolian language is the fact that, like [[w:Hittite_language|Hittite]], it is a language that reflected some of the [[w:Laryngeal_theory|laryngeal sounds]] as consonants. Its verbal system likewise resembles that of Hittite, and the general symplicity of the declensional and conjugational systems is again a characteristic shared with the Anatolian languages.  
'''Harākti''' (natively written as {{cuneiform|𒀀𒇉𒁴}} (ÍD''-tí'') or {{cuneiform|𒄩𒊏𒀀𒀝𒋾}} (''ha-ra-a-ak-ti''), transliterated as ''harākti'', [[w:IPA|IPA]]: [xaˈɾaːkti]) is an [[w:Indo-European_languages|Indo-European language]]. It is part of the [[w:Anatolian languages|Anatolian branch]] of the Indo-European languages, although it differs extensivly from the rest of the Anatolian languages, which is the reason for some speculation regarding its place within the Indo-European family. The strongest argument placed forward in favour of Harākti being an Anatolian language is the fact that, like [[w:Hittite_language|Hittite]], it is a language that reflected some of the [[w:Laryngeal_theory|laryngeal sounds]] as consonants. Its verbal system likewise resembles that of Hittite, and the general symplicity of the declensional and conjugational systems is again a characteristic shared with the Anatolian languages.  




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==Background==
==Background==
===External history===
Harākti is my second attempt at trying to create an ''a posteriori'' conlang based on Proto-Indo-European. Initially intended to be a modification of my first such attempt, called Thaṣṙivṙal, but it became an entirely new language. As a result, Thaṣṙivṙal was rendered obsolete and essentially dead. Harākti is more constructive and follows both phonetic and grammar rules a bit more precisely. The language area was shifted too. Thaṣṙivṙal was supposed to be spoken south-east of the Alps along the east coast of the Adriatic sea, but Harākti was moved south to Anatolia, being close to Hittite and Akkadian. Thaṣṙivṙal was also started as part of an online project set in an alternate Europe where the current main IE language families were replaced by conlangs, and they were later supposed to develop into separate languages. Thaṣṙivṙal was therefore at a stage of a proto-language, akin to Lain, but it never progessed into separate languages. My intention with Harākti is similar: being a sort of a proto-language it will, hopefully, split into several dialects that will become separate languages. Needless to say, Harākti is also set to distant past, around at least 1500 BCE, so it cannot be used in modern contexts.


<!-- Design goals, inspiration, ideas, who speaks it?, when was it created?, where does it come from?, any peculiarities? -->
===Internal history===


<!-- Example categories/headings:
Goals
Setting
Inspiration
-->
<!-- ***Phonology*** -->
<!-- What sounds does your language use? -->
<!-- Here are some example sub-/other categories:
Vowel inventory
Consonant inventory
Syllable structure
Stress
Intonation
-->
==Phonology==
==Phonology==
The phonology of Harākti is a direct result of phonological changes or sound shifts from Proto-Indo-European. The majority of the changes are regular and can be tracked down to Proto-Indo-European and they have frequent cognates in modern Indo-European languages. In general, the phonology of the language is fairly simple, resembling the Hittite phonology system in terms of consonants and the Latin phonology system in terms of vowels.  
The phonology of Harākti is a direct result of phonological changes or sound shifts from Proto-Indo-European. The majority of the changes are regular and can be tracked down to Proto-Indo-European and they have frequent cognates in modern Indo-European languages. In general, the phonology of the language is fairly simple, resembling the Hittite phonology system in terms of consonants and the Latin phonology system in terms of vowels.  
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===Phonotactics===
===Phonotactics===
<!-- Explain the consonant clusters and vowel clusters that are permissible for use in the language. For example, "st" is an allowed consonant cluster in English while onset "ng" isn't. -->
====Stress====
Harāki does not have a fixed stress but it is movable. Words are very often stressed on the first syllable. If the word has a -nt- cluster, the stress falls on the syllable preceding the cluster. This applies when conjugating or declining as well. For example, the verb "to be" is usually stressed on the first syllable but the 3rd person plural forms are stressed on the second syllable: ''ésmi'' > ''asánti''.
 
Stress is usually unmarked in normal writing but it can be indicated to avoid confusion or to explicitly show it. On short vowels it is marked by placing an acute above the letter (á, é, í, ó, ú), on long vowels it can either be an acute above the macron (ā́, ḗ, ī́, ṓ, ū́) or a circumflex above the letter (â, ê, î, ô, û). The latter is often preferred due to coding issues.


===Phonetic changes===
===Phonetic changes===
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|-
|-
!  
!  
| {{cuneiform|𒀀}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}  
| {{cuneiform|𒀀}} || {{cuneiform|𒂊}} || {{cuneiform|𒄿}} || {{cuneiform|𒌑}} || {{cuneiform|𒌋}}  
|-
|-
! b-
! b-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒁀}} || {{cuneiform|𒁁}} || {{cuneiform|𒇥}} || {{cuneiform|𒁐}} || {{cuneiform|𒁍}}
|-
|-
! d-
! d-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒁕}} || {{cuneiform|𒁲}} || {{cuneiform|𒁳}} || {{cuneiform|𒀿}} || {{cuneiform|𒁺}}
|-
|-
! g-
! g-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒂵}} || {{cuneiform|𒄀}} || {{cuneiform|𒆤}} || {{cuneiform|𒄘}} || {{cuneiform|𒄖}}
|-
|-
! gh-
! gh-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒂷}} || {{cuneiform|𒄄}} || {{cuneiform|𒋃}} || {{cuneiform|𒅥}} || {{cuneiform|𒅘}}
|-
|-
! h-
! h-
| {{cuneiform|𒄩}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒄩}} || {{cuneiform|𒃶}} || {{cuneiform|𒄭}} || {{cuneiform|𒆬}} || {{cuneiform|𒄷}}
|-
|-
! k-
! k-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒅗}} || {{cuneiform|𒆠}} || {{cuneiform|𒆍}} || {{cuneiform|𒆭}} || {{cuneiform|𒆪}}
|-
|-
! l-
! l-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒆷}} || {{cuneiform|𒇷}} || {{cuneiform|𒇲}} || {{cuneiform|𒇽}} || {{cuneiform|𒇻}}
|-
|-
! m-
! m-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒈠}} || {{cuneiform|𒈨}} || {{cuneiform|𒈪}} || {{cuneiform|𒊬}} || {{cuneiform|𒈬}}
|-
|-
! n-
! n-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒈾}} || {{cuneiform|𒉈}} || {{cuneiform|𒉌}} || {{cuneiform|𒈿}} || {{cuneiform|𒉡}}
|-
|-
! p-
! p-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒉺}} || {{cuneiform|𒋆}} || {{cuneiform|𒁉}} || {{cuneiform|𒆜}} || {{cuneiform|𒅤}}
|-
|-
! r-
! r-
| {{cuneiform|𒊏}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒊏}} || {{cuneiform|𒊑}} || {{cuneiform|𒌷}} || {{cuneiform|𒆕}} || {{cuneiform|𒊒}}
|-
|-
! s-
! s-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒊭}} || {{cuneiform|𒊺}} || {{cuneiform|𒅆}} || {{cuneiform|𒋜}} || {{cuneiform|𒋗}}
|-
|-
! t-
! t-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|𒋾}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒋫}} || {{cuneiform|𒋼}} || {{cuneiform|𒋾}} || {{cuneiform|𒌈}} || {{cuneiform|𒌅}}
|-
|-
! ts-
! ts-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒍝}} || {{cuneiform|𒍢}} || {{cuneiform|𒍣}} || {{cuneiform|𒍥}} || {{cuneiform|𒍪}}
|-
|-
! v-
! v-
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒉿}} || {{cuneiform|𒃾}} || {{cuneiform|𒃿}} || {{cuneiform|𒊉}} || {{cuneiform|𒊇}}
|-
|-
|}
|}
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! colspan="6" | VC type of syllabograms
! colspan="6" | VC type of syllabograms
|-
|-
! style="width: 50px;" | !! style="width: 70px;" | -a !! style="width: 70px;" | -e !! style="width: 70px;" | -i !! style="width: 70px;" | -o !! style="width: 70px;" | -u
! style="width: 50px;" | !! style="width: 70px;" | a- !! style="width: 70px;" | e- !! style="width: 70px;" | i- !! style="width: 70px;" | o- !! style="width: 70px;" | u-
|-
|-
!  
!  
| {{cuneiform|𒀀}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}  
| {{cuneiform|𒀀}} || {{cuneiform|𒂊}} || {{cuneiform|𒄿}} || {{cuneiform|𒌑}} || {{cuneiform|𒌋}}  
|-
|-
! -b
! -b
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|-
|-
! -d
! -d
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒀜}} || {{cuneiform|𒁖}} || {{cuneiform|𒄉}} || {{cuneiform|𒌕}} || {{cuneiform|}}
|-
|-
! -g
! -g
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒀞}} || {{cuneiform|𒂕}} || {{cuneiform|𒅅}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|𒊌}}
|-
|-
! -gh
! -gh
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒉘}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|𒉞}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
|-
|-
! -h
! -h
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒀪}} || {{cuneiform|𒄴}} || {{cuneiform|𒄵}} || {{cuneiform|𒌔}} || {{cuneiform|𒄸}}
|-
|-
! -k
! -k
| {{cuneiform|𒀝}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒀝}} || {{cuneiform|𒀟}} || {{cuneiform|𒄈}} || {{cuneiform|𒌙}} || {{cuneiform|}}
|-
|-
! -l
! -l
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒀠}} || {{cuneiform|𒂖}} || {{cuneiform|𒅋}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
|-
|-
! -m
! -m
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒄠}} || {{cuneiform|𒁽}} || {{cuneiform|𒅎}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|𒌝}}
|-
|-
! -n
! -n
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒀭}} || {{cuneiform|𒂗}} || {{cuneiform|𒅔}} || {{cuneiform|𒄧}} || {{cuneiform|𒌦}}
|-
|-
! -p
! -p
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒀊}} || {{cuneiform|𒅁}} || {{cuneiform|𒄾}} || {{cuneiform|𒌒}} || {{cuneiform|𒌣}}
|-
|-
! -r
! -r
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒅈}} || {{cuneiform|𒅕}} || {{cuneiform|𒁓}} || {{cuneiform|𒌫}} || {{cuneiform|𒌨}}
|-
|-
! -s
! -s
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒀸}} || {{cuneiform|𒌍}} || {{cuneiform|𒅖}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|𒍑}}
|-
|-
! -t
! -t
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| {{cuneiform|𒀖}} || {{cuneiform|𒀉}} || {{cuneiform|𒄑}} || {{cuneiform|𒀾}} || {{cuneiform|𒌓}}
|-
|-
! -ts
! -ts
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| - || - || - || - || -
|-
|-
! -v
! -v
| {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}} || {{cuneiform|}}
| - || - || - || - || -
|-
|}
 
 
Special syllabograms:
* {{cuneiform|𒀁}} - ''ā'', instead of {{cuneiform|𒀀𒀀}} (''a-a'')
* {{cuneiform|𒂍}} - ''ē'', instead of {{cuneiform|𒂊𒂊}} (''e-e'')
* {{cuneiform|𒐊}} - ''ī'', instead of {{cuneiform|𒄿𒄿}} (''i-i'')
* {{cuneiform|𒁴}} - ''tí'', in language names only, remains even when declined
 
====Sumerograms and akkadograms====
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 700px;"
! List of sumerograms and akkadograms
|-
|
* {{cuneiform|𒋀}} (ŠEŠ) ''brahtēr'' - brother
* {{cuneiform|𒊩𒌆}} (NIN) ''suesōr'' - sister
* {{cuneiform|𒂍}} (É) ''parin'' - house
* {{cuneiform|𒀀𒇉}} (ÍD) ''harākah'' - river (also in {{cuneiform|𒀀𒇉𒁴}} ''harākti'' - Harākti; the name of the language)
* {{cuneiform|𒃲}} (GAL) ''megid'' - big; also as ''-enter'' for superlative
* {{cuneiform|𒄭}} (DUG) ''ōsut'' - good; also as ''-entsi'' for comparative
* {{cuneiform|𒌉}} (DUMU) ''sūnu'' - son
* {{cuneiform|𒌉𒊩}} (DUMU.MUNUS) ''dugohtēr'' - daughter
* {{cuneiform|𒅯}} (KIR<sub>4</sub>) ''nās'' - nose
* {{cuneiform|𒊕}} (SAG) ''kaput'' - head
* {{cuneiform|𒌨𒌆}} (UR.GI<sub>7</sub>) ''kuōn'' - dog
* {{cuneiform|𒂼}} (AMA) ''mahtēr'', ''ānas'' - mother
* {{cuneiform|𒋰}} (TAB) ''duā'' - two; ''dūrig'' - second
* {{cuneiform|𒈫}} (MIN) ''tamāt'' - other
* {{cuneiform|𒁹}} (DIŠ) ''sen'' - one; ''senid'' - one
* {{cuneiform|𒆳}} (KUR) ''degōn'' - land, country
* {{cuneiform|𒆜}} (KASKAL) ''kēse'' - time
* {{cuneiform|𒀭}} (DINGIR)) ''dēva'' - god; also used as a determiner for a deity (precedes the name)
* {{cuneiform|𒇻}} (UDU) ''hāvi'' - sheep
* {{cuneiform|𒇽𒌷𒇻}} (LÚ.U<sub>19</sub>.LU) ''endūhse'' - human being
* {{cuneiform|𒊮}} (ŠÀ) ''kēr'' - heart
* {{cuneiform|𒅀}} (''YA'') or {{cuneiform|𒄿𒀀}} (''I.A'') ''-mis, -met,'' etc. - my (clitic possessive pronoun)
* {{cuneiform|𒉌}} (''NI'') ''-sis, set,'' etc. - our (clitic possessive pronoun)
* {{cuneiform|𒄭𒀀}} (ḪI.A'') - plural marker with sumerograms or akkadograms
* {{cuneiform|𒂗}} (EN)) or (''BĒLU'') ''asha'' - master, lord
* {{cuneiform|𒌆}} (TÚG) ''lubāru'' - garment, cloth
* {{cuneiform|𒅴}} (EME) ''danghāh'' - language
* {{cuneiform|𒅗}} (INIM) ''ūtar'' - word; also {{cuneiform|𒅗𒋫𒀪}} (DUG<sub>4</sub>-ta-ah) ''mēmēntah'' - talk, talks, discussion
* {{cuneiform|𒄖}} (GU) ''hōku'' - sound, voice
* {{cuneiform|𒂖}} (''ELLU'') ''harauanid, harauan'' - free, freedom
* {{cuneiform|𒍣}} (ZID) ''harad'' - right, correct
* {{cuneiform|𒌀}} (''QĪTU'') ''gōrīd'' - aim, goal, target
* {{cuneiform|𒆐}} (KÀD) ''nāt-'' - un-, non-
* {{cuneiform|𒋾}} (TI) ''hānt'' - end
* {{cuneiform|𒁍}} (GÍD) ''dalāgh'' - long
* {{cuneiform|𒈗}} (LUGAL) ''hansu'' - king, lord
* {{cuneiform|𒉺}} (PA) ''vēt'' - branch
* {{cuneiform|𒄑}} (GIŠ) ''daru'' - tree
* {{cuneiform|𒈦}} (MAŠ) ''hansētar'' - family
* {{cuneiform|𒈦𒅴}} (MAŠ.EME) ''hansīdēku'' - dialect
* {{cuneiform|𒈨}} (ME) ''kanton'' - hundred (100)
* {{cuneiform|𒈬}} (MU) ''uet'' - year
* {{cuneiform|𒋩}} (SUR) ''serān'' - half
* {{cuneiform|𒋃}} (ŠID) ''?'' - count > {{cuneiform|𒋃𒀊𒌋}} (ŠID-ap-u) ''kasāpu'' - estimate, calculation
* {{cuneiform|𒌆𒌅}} (''TĒMU''-tu) - ''malhantu'' - history
* {{cuneiform|𒍪}} (ZU) ''vādatar'' - knowledge
* {{cuneiform|𒊬}} (SAR) ''hatrid'' - written
* {{cuneiform|𒂂}} (DUGUD) ''kabid'' - important
* {{cuneiform|𒍇}} (''QÀL'') ''lenigh'' - light, easy
* {{cuneiform|𒄾}} (HÚL) ''sanentsīatar'' - joy, enjoyment, happiness
* {{cuneiform|𒌣}} (UMÚN) ''mōlu'' - mind, thought; also {{cuneiform|𒌣𒆕}} (UMÚN-ro) ''enaro'' - purpose
* {{cuneiform|𒁶}} (DÍM) ''samnāiatar'' - creating, creation
* {{cuneiform|𒂖𒌀}} (''ELLU.QĪTU'') ''senhaishar'' - try, trying
* {{cuneiform|𒆳𒌣}} (KUR.UMÚN) ''hansīmōlēn'' - culture
* {{cuneiform|𒄙}} (DUR) ''hūmantit'' - all
* {{cuneiform|𒄑𒊬}} (''KIRŪ'') ''kirītu'' - garden
* {{cuneiform|𒁺}} (GUB) ''istahī'' - to stand
* {{cuneiform|𒆳𒀭}} (KUR.DINGIR) ''nēbetar'' - heaven(s)
* {{cuneiform|𒁔}} (SUN<sub>5</sub>) ''genig'' - humble
|-
|-
|}
|}
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|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| pōd || pōdei || pōdei
| pṓd || pṓdei || pṓdei
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| pōdī || pōden || pōden
| pṓdī || pṓden || pṓden
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| pōdē || pōdēm || pōdām
| pṓdē || pṓdēm || pṓdām
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| pōdān || pōdei || pōdan
| pṓdān || pṓdei || pṓdan
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| pōdēn || pōdi || pōdi
| pṓdēn || pṓdi || pṓdi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| pōdai || pōdate || pōdat
| pṓdai || pṓdate || pṓdat
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| pōdis || pōdīs || pōdās
| pṓdis || pṓdīs || pṓdās
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| pōdet || pōdeu || pōdu
| pṓdet || pṓdeu || pṓdu
|}
|}


Line 733: Line 794:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| hāvi || hāvei || hāvēi
| hā́vi || hā́vei || hā́vēi
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| hāvē || hāven || hāvēn
| hā́vē || hā́ven || hā́vēn
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| hāvēiē || hāvēm || hāvīm
| hāvḗiē || hā́vēm || hā́vīm
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| hāvin || hāvei || hāvīn
| hā́vin || hā́vei || hā́vīn
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| hāvī || hāvā || hāvibi
| hā́vī || hā́vā || hā́vibi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| hāvai || hāvate || hāvat
| hā́vai || hā́vate || hā́vat
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| hāvēs || hāvīs || hāvās
| hā́vēs || hā́vīs || hā́vās
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| hāvet || hāveu || hāvsu
| hā́vet || hā́veu || hā́vsu
|}
|}


Line 795: Line 856:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| aku || akoi || akai
| áku || ákoi || ákai
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| akō || akōn || akōn
| ákō || ákōn || ákōn
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| akēi || akōm || akōm
| ákēi || ákōm || ákōm
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| akan || akoi || akon
| ákan || ákoi || ákon
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| akēn || akī || akpi
| ákēn || ákī || ákpi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| akai || akote || akot
| ákai || ákote || ákot
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| akēt || akēs || akōs
| ákēt || ákēs || ákōs
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| akei || akū || aksu
| ákei || ákū || áksu
|}
|}


Line 857: Line 918:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| harākah || harākahe || harākahei
| harā́kah || harā́kahe || harā́kahei
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| harākāh || harākahen || harākahen
| harā́kāh || harā́kahen || harā́kahen
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| harākahē || harākahēm || harākām
| harā́kahē || harā́kahēm || harā́kām
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| harākan || harākahe || harākahan
| harā́kan || harā́kahe || harā́kahan
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| harākahēn || harākahā || harākahpi
| harā́kahēn || harā́kahā || harā́kahpi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| harākaha || harākahte || harākahat
| harā́kaha || harā́kahte || harā́kahat
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| harākās || harākahī || harākahām
| harā́kās || harā́kahī || harā́kahām
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| harākahi || harākahū || harākahsu
| harā́kahi || harā́kahū || harā́kahsu
|}
|}


Line 917: Line 978:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| danghāh || danghāhe || danghāhei
| danghā́h || danghā́he || danghā́hei
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| danghāhī || danghāhen || danghāhen
| danghā́hī || danghā́hen || danghā́hen
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| danghāhē || danghāhēm || danghāhām
| danghā́hē || danghā́hēm || danghā́hām
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| danghāhān || danghāhe || danghāhan
| danghā́hān || danghā́he || danghā́han
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| danghāhēn || danghāhā || danghāhpi
| danghā́hēn || danghā́hā || danghā́hpi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| danghāha || danghāhte || danghāhat
| danghā́ha || danghā́hte || danghā́hat
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| danghāhis || danghāhīs || danghāhās
| danghā́his || danghā́hīs || danghā́hās
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| danghāhi || danghāhū || danghāhsu
| danghā́hi || danghā́hū || danghā́hsu
|}
|}


Line 979: Line 1,040:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| mahtēr || mahtere || mahterē
| máhtēr || máhtere || máhterē
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| mahtarī || mahtaren || mahtaren
| máhtarī || máhtaren || máhtaren
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| mahtarē || mahtarēm || mahtarām
| máhtarē || máhtarēm || máhtarām
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| mahterān || mahtere || mahtaran
| máhterān || máhtere || máhtaran
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| mahtarēn || mahtari || mahtarbi
| máhtarēn || máhtari || máhtarbi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| mahtara || mahtarate || mahtarat
| máhtara || máhtarate || máhtarat
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| mahtaris || mahtarīs || mahtarā
| máhtaris || máhtarīs || máhtarā
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| mahteri || mahtareu || mahtarsu
| máhteri || máhtareu || máhtarsu
|}
|}


Line 1,039: Line 1,100:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| hadēn || hadene || hadnē
| hadḗn || hadéne || hadénē
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| hadanī || hadanen || hadanen
| hadánī || hadánen || hadánen
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| hadanē || hadanēm || hadanām
| hadánē || hadánēm || hadánām
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| hadenān || hadene || hadanan
| hadénān || hadéne || hadánan
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| hadanēn || hadani || hadanbi
| hadánēn || hadáni || hadánbi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| hadana || hadanate || hadanat
| hadána || hadánate || hadánat
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| hadanis || hadanīs || hadanā
| hadánis || hadánīs || hadánā
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| hadeni || hadaneu || hadansu
| hadéni || hadáneu || hadánsu
|}
|}


Line 1,101: Line 1,162:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| digu || digue || diguē
| dígu || dígue || díguē
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| digū || diguen || diguen
| dígū || díguen || díguen
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| digē || digēm || digām
| dígē || dígēm || dígām
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| digūn || digue || digun
| dígūn || dígue || dígun
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| diguēn || digui || digubi
| díguēn || dígui || dígubi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| digua || digute || digut
| dígua || dígute || dígut
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| digus || digūs || digūs
| dígus || dígūs || dígūs
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| diguet || digueu || digusu
| díguet || dígueu || dígusu
|}
|}


Line 1,163: Line 1,224:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| eshar || eshare || eshei
| éshar || éshare || éshei
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| esharī || esharen || esharen
| ésharī || ésharen || ésharen
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| esharē || eshēm || eshām
| ésharē || éshēm || éshām
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| eshān || eshare || esharan
| éshān || éshare || ésharan
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| eshēn || eshari || eshabi
| éshēn || éshari || éshabi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| eshara || eshate || esharat
| éshara || éshate || ésharat
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| eshis || eshīs || eshās
| éshis || éshīs || éshās
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| esharet || esharū || esharu
| ésharet || ésharū || ésharu
|}
|}


Line 1,196: Line 1,257:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| daru || daruī || daruh
| dáru || dáruī || dáruh
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| drēu || dreuen || dreuen
| drēu || dréuen || dréuen
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| dreuē || drēm || drūm
| dréuē || drēm || drūm
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| daru || daruī || daruh
| dáru || dáruī || dáruh
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| drū || drei || drubi
| drū || dréi || drúbi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| dreua || drute || drut
| dréua || drúte || drut
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| dreis || drīs || drūs
| dréis || drīs || drūs
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| dreui || dreu || drusu
| dréui || dréu || drúsu
|}
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
Line 1,225: Line 1,286:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| duer || dueruī || dueruh
| duér || duéruī || duéruh
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| durēu || dureuen || dureuen
| durḗu || duréuen || duréuen
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| dureuē || durēm || durūm
| duréuē || dúrēm || dúrūm
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| duer || dueruī || dueruh
| duér || duéruī || duéruh
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| durū || durei || durubi
| dúrū || duréi || durúbi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| dureua || durute || durut
| duréua || durúte || dúrut
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| dureis || durīs || durūs
| duréis || dúrīs || dúrūs
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| dureui || dureu || durusu
| duréui || duréu || durúsu
|}
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 400px; text-align: center;"
Line 1,254: Line 1,315:
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| divu || divuī || divuh
| dívu || dívuī || dívuh
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| dvēu || dveuen || dveuen
| dvḗu || dvéuen || dvéuen
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| dveuē || dvēm || dvūm
| dvéuē || dvēm || dvūm
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| divu || divuī || divuh
| dívu || dívuī || dívuh
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| dvū || dvei || dvubi
| dvū || dvéi || dvúbi
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| dveua || dvute || dvut
| dvéua || dvúte || dvut
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| dveis || dvīs || dvūs
| dvéis || dvīs || dvūs
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| dveui || dveu || dvusu
| dvéui || dvéu || dvúsu
|}
|}


Line 1,286: Line 1,347:
:: head: ''kaput'' → ''kaptī''
:: head: ''kaput'' → ''kaptī''
* addition of -r and vowel shortening:
* addition of -r and vowel shortening:
:: ear: ''hēu'' → ''heurī''
:: ear: ''hēu'' → ''heurō''
:: hand: ''gē'' → ''gerī''
:: hand: ''gē'' → ''gerī''
* addition of -r, vowel loss and vowel shortening:
* addition of -r, vowel loss and vowel shortening:
Line 1,297: Line 1,358:
:: dog: ''kuōn'' → ''kūnī''
:: dog: ''kuōn'' → ''kūnī''


===Adjectives===
===Pronouns===
Most adjectives can be recognised by their ending; they usually end in '''-it''' or '''-id''', and sometimes '''-ig'''. The vowel ''-i'' is a fleeting vowel and is lost when declining (except in accusative singular masculine). Adjectives agree with the headword in number, case and gender. The declensions are fixed and they mainy correspond to the main three nominal declensions.  
====Personal pronouns====
Harākti pronouns for first and second persons do not distinguish between genders, only third person pronouns do, and even that only in the nominative. The latter are also thought to have been either borrowed or heavily influenced by Hittite third person pronouns.


{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 990px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | '''Adjectival declension'''
! colspan="11" | Personal pronouns
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 90px;" | Case !! colspan="3" | First person !! colspan="3" | Second Person !! colspan="3" | Third person !! style="width: 90px;" rowspan="2" | Reflexive
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Singular !! style="width: 90px;" | Dual !! style="width: 90px;" | Plural !! style="width: 90px;" | Singular !! style="width: 90px;" | Dual !! style="width: 90px;" | Plural !! style="width: 90px;" | Singular !! style="width: 90px;" | Dual !! style="width: 90px;" | Plural
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! Nominative
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
| ūga, ūg || ūē || uē || tuh || īū || iū || apa<sup>m</sup>, ape<sup>f</sup>, apā<sup>n</sup> || epei<sup>m/f</sup>, epoi<sup>n</sup> || apei<sup>m/f</sup>, apai<sup>n</sup> || -
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| (-it/d/g) || -i || -ā || -ei || -ei || -oi || -ei || -ēi || -ai
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| -ī || -ē || -ō || -en || -en || -ōn || -en || -ēn || -ōn
| amne; me || anūon; nuas || anson; nas || tūe; te || ūon; uas || uson; vas || apē || epen || apen || tentse; sē
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| -ē || -ēiē || -ē || -ēm || -ēm || -ōm || -ām || -īm || -ōm
| meghi; mi || anūān; nuan || ansān; nan || tuebi; tūi, ti || ūān; uan || usān; van || apān || epēm || apām || tentsi; sā
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| (-it/d/g) || -in || -ā || -ei || -ei || -oi || -ei || -ēi || -oi
| amē; mē || anūe; nūs || anse; nās || tuē; tē || ūe; ūs || use; vōs || apēn || epei || apan || tentsē; sē
|-
|-  
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| -ibi || -ī || -ibi || -ī || -ā || -ī || -ibi || -ibi || -ibi
| amā || anūā || ansā|| tuā || ūā || usā || apī || epti || apti || tentsā
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| -ai || -ai || -ai || -ate || -ate || -ate || -at || -at || -at
| amai || anūai || ansai || tuai || ūai || usai || apāi || epat || apat || tentsai
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| -is || -ēs || -ēs || -īs || -īs || -īs || -ās || -ās || -ōs
| amet || anūet || anset || tuet || ūet || uset || apēs || epīs || apās || tentset
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| -et || -et || -ei || -eu || -eu || -u || -u || -u || -u
| amāt || anūāt || ansāt || tuāt || ūāt || usāt || apāt || epeu || apsu || tentsāt
|-
|}
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
 
! colspan="10" | Adjectival declension: malid (''small'')
====Possessive pronouns====
|-
Possessive pronouns come in two types: adjectival pronouns and clitic pronouns.
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case  
=====Clitic forms=====
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular  
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 450px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual  
! colspan="5" | Clitic possessive pronouns: first person singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 90px;" | Case !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" | Dual-plural
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 90px;" | Masc-fem !! style="width: 90px;" | Neuter !! style="width: 90px;" | Masc-fem !! style="width: 90px;" | Neuter
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
| malid || maldi || maldā || colspan="2" | maldei || maldoi || maldei || maldēi || maldai
| -mis || -met || -mes || -met
|-
|-
! Genitive
! Genitive
| maldī || maldē || maldō || colspan="2" | malden || maldōn || malden || maldēn || maldōn
| colspan="2" | -mas || colspan="2" | -man
|-
|-
! Dative
! Dative
| maldē || maldēiē || maldē || colspan="2" | maldēm || maldōm || maldām || maldīm || maldōm
| colspan="2" | -mit || colspan="2" | -mot
|-
|-
! Accusative
! Accusative
| malid || maldin || maldā || colspan="2" | maldei || maldoi || maldei || maldēi || maldai
| -man || -met || -mus || -met
|-
|-
! Instrumental
! Instrumental
| maldibi || maldī || maldibi || maldī || maldā || maldī || colspan="3" | maldibi
| colspan="2" | -mit || colspan="2" | -mot
|-
|-
! Allative
! Allative
| colspan="3" | maldai || colspan="3" | maldate || colspan="3" | maldat
| colspan="2" | -met || colspan="2" | -met
|-
|-
! Ablative
! Ablative
| maldis || colspan="2" | maldēs || colspan="3" | maldīs || colspan="2" | maldās || maldōs
| colspan="2" | -mis || colspan="2" | -mes
|-
|-
! Locative
! Locative
| colspan="2" | maldet || maldei || colspan="2" | maldeu || maldu || colspan="3" | maldu
| colspan="2" | -mat || colspan="2" | -mut
|}
|}
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 450px; text-align: center;"
====Comparison====
! colspan="5" | Clitic possessive pronouns: second person singular
Comparison of adjectives is commonly formed by suffixing or prefixing, but it is also possible to form it by adverbs, similar to English. There are four degrees: positive (the normal form of the adjectives), comparative, superlative and elative (corresponds to English ''too'').
|-
 
! rowspan="2" style="width: 90px;" | Case !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" |  Dual-plural
The suffixes are:  
|-
* comparative: '''-entsi''' (→ -ents-/-ent-)
! style="width: 90px;" | Masc-fem !! style="width: 90px;" | Neuter !! style="width: 90px;" | Masc-fem !! style="width: 90px;" | Neuter
* superlative: '''-enter''' (→ -enter-/-entr-)
|-
 
! Nominative
The prefix is:  
| -tis || -tet || -tes || -tet
* elative: '''per-'''
|-
 
! Genitive
The origin of the suffixes is unknown. They do not correspond to Late PIE suffixes, which can be found in most modern IE languages, and Middle PIE did not form the degrees by suffixing, as evident from the Anatolian branch. Since Harākti is an Anatolian language (or it has evolved in close proximity to Anatolian languages), it is speculated that the suffixes could be related to Hittite ergative suffixes ''-anza'' (singular) and ''-anteš'' (plural).
| colspan="2" | -tas || colspan="2" | -tan
 
|-
The elative prefix, on the other hand, is clearly from PIE *''per-'' (corresponds to Latin pre-, Slavic pre-, etc.).
! Dative
 
| colspan="2" | -tit || colspan="2" | -tot
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
|-
! colspan="10" | Adjectival declension: comparative degree
! Accusative
|-
| -tan || -tet || -tus || -tet
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case  
|-
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular  
! Instrumental
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual  
| colspan="2" | -tit || colspan="2" | -tot
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
|-
! Allative
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
| colspan="2" | -tet || colspan="2" | -tet
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! Ablative
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
| colspan="2" | -tis || colspan="2" | -tes
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! Locative
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
| colspan="2" | -tat || colspan="2" | -tut
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
|}
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 450px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="5" | Clitic possessive pronouns: first person plural
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 90px;" | Case !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" |  Dual-plural
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Masc-fem !! style="width: 90px;" | Neuter !! style="width: 90px;" | Masc-fem !! style="width: 90px;" | Neuter
|-
! Nominative
| -sis || -set || -ses || -set
|-
! Genitive
| colspan="2" | -sas || colspan="2" | -san
|-
! Dative
| colspan="2" | -sit || colspan="2" | -sot
|-
! Accusative
| -san || -set || -sus || -set
|-
! Instrumental
| colspan="2" | -sit || colspan="2" | -sot
|-
! Allative
| colspan="2" | -set || colspan="2" | -set
|-
! Ablative
| colspan="2" | -sis || colspan="2" | -ses
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | -sat || colspan="2" | -sut
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 450px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="5" | Clitic possessive pronouns: second person plural
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 90px;" | Case !! colspan="2" | Singular !! colspan="2" |  Dual-plural
|-
! style="width: 90px;" | Masc-fem !! style="width: 90px;" | Neuter !! style="width: 90px;" | Masc-fem !! style="width: 90px;" | Neuter
|-
! Nominative
| -uis || -uet || -ues || -uet
|-
! Genitive
| colspan="2" | -uas || colspan="2" | -uan
|-
! Dative
| colspan="2" | -uit || colspan="2" | -uot
|-
! Accusative
| -uan || -uet || -uus (-ūs) || -uet
|-
! Instrumental
| colspan="2" | -uit || colspan="2" | -uot
|-
! Allative
| colspan="2" | -uet || colspan="2" | -uet
|-
! Ablative
| colspan="2" | -uis || colspan="2" | -ues
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | -uat || colspan="2" | -uut (-ūt)
|}
 
=====Adjectival forms=====
Adjectival possessive pronouns are declined like adjectives.
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival possessive pronouns: first person singular
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| āmnes || āmni || āmnā || colspan="2" | āmnei || āmnoi || āmnei || āmnēi || āmnai
|-
! Genitive
| āmnī || āmnē || āmnō || colspan="2" | āmnen || āmnōn || āmnen || āmnēn || āmnōn
|-
! Dative
| āmnē || āmnēiē || āmnē || colspan="2" | āmnēm || āmnōm || āmnām || āmnīm || āmnōm
|-
! Accusative
| āmnes || āmnin || āmnā || colspan="2" | āmnei || āmnoi || āmnei || āmnēi || āmnai
|-
! Instrumental
| āmnibi || āmnī || āmnibi || āmnī || āmnā || āmnī || colspan="3" | āmnibi
|-
! Allative
| colspan="3" | āmnai || colspan="3" | āmnate || colspan="3" | āmnat
|-
! Ablative
| āmnis || colspan="2" | āmnēs || colspan="3" | āmnīs || colspan="2" | āmnās || āmnōs
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | āmnet || āmnei || colspan="2" | āmneu || āmnu || colspan="3" | āmnu
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival possessive pronouns: second person singular
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| tūes || tūi || tūā || colspan="2" | tūei || tūoi || tūei || tūēi || tūai
|-
! Genitive
| tūī || tūē || tūō || colspan="2" | tūen || tūōn || tūen || tūēn || tūōn
|-
! Dative
| tūē || tūēiē || tūē || colspan="2" | tūēm || tūōm || tūām || tūīm || tūōm
|-
! Accusative
| tūes ||tūin || tūā || colspan="2" | tūei || tūoi || tūei || tūēi || tūai
|-
! Instrumental
| tūbi || tūī || tūbi || tūī || tūā || tūī || colspan="3" | tūbi
|-
! Allative
| colspan="3" | tūai || colspan="3" | tūate || colspan="3" | tūat
|-
! Ablative
| tūis || colspan="2" | tūēs || colspan="3" | tūīs || colspan="2" | tūās || tūōs
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | tūet || tūei || colspan="2" | tūeu || tūu || colspan="3" | tūu
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival possessive pronouns: third person singular
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| āpes || āpi || āpā || colspan="2" | āpei || āpoi || āpei || āpēi || āpai
|-
! Genitive
| āpī || āpē || āpō || colspan="2" | āpen || āpōn || āpen || āpēn || āpōn
|-
! Dative
| āpē || āpēiē || āpē || colspan="2" | āpēm || āpōm || āpām || āpīm || āpōm
|-
! Accusative
| āpes || āpin || āpā || colspan="2" | āpei || āpoi || āpei || āpēi || āpai
|-
! Instrumental
| āpebi || āpī || āpebi || āpī || āpā || āpī || colspan="3" | āpebi
|-
! Allative
| colspan="3" | āpai || colspan="3" | āpate || colspan="3" | āpat
|-
! Ablative
| āpis || colspan="2" | āpēs || colspan="3" | āpīs || colspan="2" | āpās || āpōs
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | āpet || āpei || colspan="2" | āpeu || āpu || colspan="3" | āpu
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival possessive pronouns: first person dual
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| ānes || āni || ānā || colspan="2" | ānei || ānoi || ānei || ānēi || ānai
|-
! Genitive
| ānī || ānē || ānō || colspan="2" | ānen || ānōn || ānen || ānēn || ānōn
|-
! Dative
| ānē || ānēiē || ānē || colspan="2" | ānēm || ānōm || ānām || ānīm || ānōm
|-
! Accusative
| ānes || ānin || ānā || colspan="2" | ānei || ānoi || ānei || ānēi || ānai
|-
! Instrumental
| ānibi || ānī || ānibi || ānī || ānā || ānī || colspan="3" | ānibi
|-
! Allative
| colspan="3" | ānai || colspan="3" | ānate || colspan="3" | ānat
|-
! Ablative
| ānis || colspan="2" | ānēs || colspan="3" | ānīs || colspan="2" | ānās || ānōs
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | ānet || ānei || colspan="2" | āneu || ānu || colspan="3" | ānu
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival possessive pronouns: second person dual
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| ūies || ūī || ūiā || colspan="2" | ūiei || ūioi || ūiei || ūiēi || ūiai
|-
! Genitive
| ūiī || ūiē || ūiō || colspan="2" | ūsen || ūiōn || ūien || ūiēn || ūiōn
|-
! Dative
| ūiē || ūiēiē || ūiē || colspan="2" | ūiēm || ūiōm || ūiām || ūīm || ūiōm
|-
! Accusative
| ūies || ūīn || ūiā || colspan="2" | ūiei || ūioi || ūiei || ūiēi || ūiai
|-
! Instrumental
| ūibi || ūī || ūibi || ūī || ūiā || ūī || colspan="3" | ūibi
|-
! Allative
| colspan="3" | ūiai || colspan="3" | ūiate || colspan="3" | ūiat
|-
! Ablative
| ūīs || colspan="2" | ūiēs || colspan="3" | ūīs || colspan="2" | ūiās || ūiōs
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | ūiet || ūiei || colspan="2" | ūieu || ūiu || colspan="3" | ūiu
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival possessive pronouns: first person plural
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| ānses || ānsi || ānsā || colspan="2" | ānsei || ānsoi || ānsei || ānsēi || ānsai
|-
! Genitive
| ānsī || ānsē || ānsō || colspan="2" | ānsen || ānsōn || ānsen || ānsēn || ānsōn
|-
! Dative
| ānsē || ānsēiē || ānsē || colspan="2" | ānsēm || ānsōm || ānsām || ānsīm || ānsōm
|-
! Accusative
| ānses || ānsin || ānsā || colspan="2" | ānsei || ānsoi || ānsei || ānsēi || ānsai
|-
! Instrumental
| ānsibi || ānsī || ānsibi || ānsī || ānsā || ānsī || colspan="3" | ānsibi
|-
! Allative
| colspan="3" | ānsai || colspan="3" | ānsate || colspan="3" | ānsat
|-
! Ablative
| ānsis || colspan="2" | ānsēs || colspan="3" | ānsīs || colspan="2" | ānsās || ānsōs
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | ānset || ānsei || colspan="2" | ānseu || ānsu || colspan="3" | ānsu
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival possessive pronouns: first person plural
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| ūses || ūsi || ūsā || colspan="2" | ūsei || ūsoi || ūsei || ūsēi || ūsai
|-
! Genitive
| ūsī || ūsē || ūsō || colspan="2" | ūsen || ūsōn || ūsen || ūsēn || ūsōn
|-
! Dative
| ūsē || ūsēiē || ūsē || colspan="2" | ūsēm || ūsōm || ūsām || ūsīm || ūsōm
|-
! Accusative
| ūses || ūsin || ūsā || colspan="2" | ūsei || ūsoi || ūsei || ūsēi || ūsai
|-
! Instrumental
| ūspi || ūsī || ūspi || ūsī || ūsā || ūsī || colspan="3" | ūspi
|-
! Allative
| colspan="3" | ūsai || colspan="3" | ūsate || colspan="3" | ūsat
|-
! Ablative
| ūsis || colspan="2" | ūsēs || colspan="3" | ūsīs || colspan="2" | ūsās || ūsōs
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | ūset || ūsei || colspan="2" | ūseu || ūsu || colspan="3" | ūsu
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival possessive pronouns: third person dual-plural
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| ēpes || ēpi || ēpā || colspan="2" | ēpei || ēpoi || ēpei || ēpēi || ēpai
|-
! Genitive
| ēpī || ēpē || ēpō || colspan="2" | ēpen || ēpōn || ēpen || ēpēn || ēpōn
|-
! Dative
| ēpē || ēpēiē || ēpē || colspan="2" | ēpēm || ēpōm || ēpām || ēpīm || ēpōm
|-
! Accusative
| ēpes || ēpin || ēpā || colspan="2" | ēāpei || ēpoi || ēpei || ēpēi || ēpai
|-
! Instrumental
| ēpebi || ēpī || ēpebi || ēpī || ēpā || ēpī || colspan="3" | ēpebi
|-
! Allative
| colspan="3" | ēpai || colspan="3" | ēpate || colspan="3" | ēpat
|-
! Ablative
| ēpis || colspan="2" | ēpēs || colspan="3" | ēpīs || colspan="2" | ēpās || ēpōs
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | ēpet || ēpei || colspan="2" | ēpeu || ēpu || colspan="3" | ēpu
|}
 
===Adjectives===
Most adjectives can be recognised by their ending; they usually end in '''-it''' or '''-id''', and sometimes '''-ig'''. The vowel ''-i'' is a fleeting vowel and is lost when declining (except in accusative singular masculine). Adjectives agree with the headword in number, case and gender. The declensions are fixed and they mainy correspond to the main three nominal declensions.
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | '''Adjectival declension'''
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| (-it/d/g) || -i || -ā || -ei || -ei || -oi || -ei || -ēi || -ai
|-
! Genitive
| -ī || -ē || -ō || -en || -en || -ōn || -en || -ēn || -ōn
|-
! Dative
| -ē || -ēiē || -ē || -ēm || -ēm || -ōm || -ām || -īm || -ōm
|-
! Accusative
| (-it/d/g) || -in || -ā || -ei || -ei || -oi || -ei || -ēi || -oi
|-
! Instrumental
| -ibi || -ī || -ibi || -ī || -ā || -ī || -ibi || -ibi || -ibi
|-
! Allative
| -ai || -ai || -ai || -ate || -ate || -ate || -at || -at || -at
|-
! Ablative
| -is || -ēs || -ēs || -īs || -īs || -īs || -ās || -ās || -ōs
|-
! Locative
| -et || -et || -ei || -eu || -eu || -u || -u || -u || -u
|}
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival declension: malid (''small'')
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
! Nominative
| malid || maldi || maldā || colspan="2" | maldei || maldoi || maldei || maldēi || maldai
|-
! Genitive
| maldī || maldē || maldō || colspan="2" | malden || maldōn || malden || maldēn || maldōn
|-
! Dative
| maldē || maldēiē || maldē || colspan="2" | maldēm || maldōm || maldām || maldīm || maldōm
|-
! Accusative
| malid || maldin || maldā || colspan="2" | maldei || maldoi || maldei || maldēi || maldai
|-
! Instrumental
| maldibi || maldī || maldibi || maldī || maldā || maldī || colspan="3" | maldibi
|-
! Allative
| colspan="3" | maldai || colspan="3" | maldate || colspan="3" | maldat
|-
! Ablative
| maldis || colspan="2" | maldēs || colspan="3" | maldīs || colspan="2" | maldās || maldōs
|-
! Locative
| colspan="2" | maldet || maldei || colspan="2" | maldeu || maldu || colspan="3" | maldu
|}
 
====Comparison====
Comparison of adjectives is commonly formed by suffixing or prefixing, but it is also possible to form it by adverbs, similar to English. There are four degrees: positive (the normal form of the adjectives), comparative, superlative and elative (corresponds to English ''too'').
 
The suffixes are:  
* comparative: '''-entsi''' (→ -ents-/-ent-)
* superlative: '''-enter''' (→ -enter-/-entr-)
 
The prefix is:  
* elative: '''per-'''
 
The origin of the suffixes is unknown. They do not correspond to Late PIE suffixes, which can be found in most modern IE languages, and Middle PIE did not form the degrees by suffixing, as evident from the Anatolian branch. Since Harākti is an Anatolian language (or it has evolved in close proximity to Anatolian languages), it is speculated that the suffixes could be related to Hittite ergative suffixes ''-anza'' (singular) and ''-anteš'' (plural).
 
The elative prefix, on the other hand, is clearly from PIE *''per-'' (corresponds to Latin pre-, Slavic pre-, etc.).
 
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg collapsible collapsed" style="width: 730px; text-align: center;"
! colspan="10" | Adjectival declension: comparative degree
|-
! rowspan="2" style="width: 100px;" | Case  
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Singular  
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Dual  
! colspan="3" style="width: 210px;" | Plural
|-
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Masculine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Feminine</small>
! style="width: 70px;" | <small>Neuter</small>
|-
|-
! Nominative
! Nominative
Line 1,593: Line 2,158:


==Syntax==
==Syntax==
Harākti is a SVO language and in that respect it is different from Hittite or Latin (which are both SOV languages). The language shows its typical word order even in the earliest texts and it appears it became SVO soon after it branched off from Proto-Indo-European. However, due to its morphology, the word order is very free.
Adjectives usually precede the noun. Harākti is also a pro-drop language, so personal pronouns are often omitted.
==Texts==
'''Internal texts:'''
* [[Harākti/Texts#Hansu_Hansuen|Hansu Hansuen]] or the ''King of Kings'' text, part of Harāktian mythology.


<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. -->
'''External texts:'''
* [[Literature:Schleicher's_fable/Harākti|Schleicher's fable]], titled ''Hāvi nu ākuē''.
* [[First_Linguifex_Relay/Harākti/Cuneiform|Kāni petāhen]] or the ''Song of Birds'', part of the [[First Linguifex Relay]].


[[Category:Harākti]][[Category:Languages]][[Category:Conlangs]][[Category:Indo-European languages]][[Category:A posteriori]]
[[Category:Harākti]][[Category:Languages]][[Category:Languages]][[Category:Indo-European languages]][[Category:A posteriori]]
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