Ithkuil: Difference between revisions

The [[lexicon]] of the original Ithkuil consisted of the same pattern as the current form of the language. However, each root consisted of 2 [[consonant]]al ''radicals'', and could [[Derivation (linguistics)|derive]] thousands of [[lexeme]]s through the use of Ithkuil's complex rules of [[morphophonology]], which involved both [[consonant mutation|consonantal]] and vocal mutation, shifts in syllabic stress and tone, and affixation.

Ithkuil words can be divided into just two [[Part of speech|parts of speech]], ''formatives'' and ''adjuncts''. Formatives functioned both as nouns and as verbs, depending on the morpho-semantic context. Formatives were inflected for the current grammatical categories, plus 2 [[Focus (linguistics)|''foci'']], and 81 [[Grammatical case|''cases'']]; they could also have taken on some of the 153 [[affix]]es, which further qualified into one of 9 ''degrees''. Verbal formatives were additionally inflected for 7 ''conflations''.

''Verbal adjuncts'' similarly worked in conjunction with adjacent formatives to provide additional grammatical information. Two types of verbal adjuncts were inflected to indicate 14 [[Valency (linguistics)|''valencies'']], 6 ''versions'', 8 ''formats'', 37 ''derivations'', 30 [[Linguistic modality|''modalities'']], 4 [[Comparative|''levels'']], 9 [[Evidentiality|''validations'']], 9 ''phases'', 9 ''sanctions'', 32 [[Grammatical aspect|''aspects'']], 8 [[Grammatical mood|''moods'']], and 24 ''biases''.