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Kandi: Difference between revisions
→Grammatical gender
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====Grammatical gender==== | ====Grammatical gender==== | ||
Kāndi has a peculiar system of grammatical gender. The genders are purely natural: Women are feminine {{sc|f}}, men and males are masculine {{sc|m}}, and everything else is neuter {{sc|n}}. | |||
Do note, however, that the grammatical gender is not marked. Rather, there is a form of ''dual marking''. The gender of the subject of a content word is marked as either the "same" or "different" to that of the speaker. If the subject gender is the same as that of the speaker, it is marked as the ''same'' {{sc|sam}}, whereas if the subject gender is different to that of the speaker, it is marked as "different" {{sc|diff}}. | Do note, however, that the grammatical gender is not marked. Rather, there is a form of ''dual marking''. The gender of the subject of a content word is marked as either the "same" or "different" to that of the speaker. If the subject gender is the same as that of the speaker, it is marked as the ''same'' {{sc|sam}}, whereas if the subject gender is different to that of the speaker, it is marked as "different" {{sc|diff}}. | ||
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| index = 11 | | index = 11 | ||
}}{{gloss/indexable | }}{{gloss/indexable | ||
|phrase = | |phrase = agūri{{blue|y}} | ||
|IPA = [ | |IPA = [aˈɣu͜βɾɪj] | ||
| morphemes = | | morphemes = agūri-{{blue|y}} | ||
| gloss = boy.M-3SG.{{blue|SAM}} | | gloss = boy.M-3SG.{{blue|SAM}} | ||
| translation = It is a boy. | | translation = It is a boy. | ||
| index = 12 | | index = 12 | ||
}}{{gloss/indexable | }}{{gloss/indexable | ||
|phrase = | |phrase = tšanuk{{blue|ā}}n | ||
|IPA = [ | |IPA = [t͡ʃanuˈkaːn] | ||
| morphemes = tshanu-k-{{blue| | | morphemes = tshanu-k-{{blue|ā}}-n | ||
| gloss = horse.M-2-{{blue|SAM}}-PL | | gloss = horse.M-2-{{blue|SAM}}-PL | ||
| translation = You are horses. | | translation = You are horses. | ||
| index = 13 | | index = 13 | ||
}}The system is sometimes more versatile than the English grammatical gender. In the last example (13), we are able to deduce that | }}The system is sometimes more versatile than the English grammatical gender. In the last example (13), we are able to deduce that the speaker in this instance is a male, since he is of the same gender as the speaker. | ||
{{gloss/indexable | {{gloss/indexable | ||
|phrase = | |phrase = θūrina | ||
|IPA = [ | |IPA = [θu͜βrẽna] | ||
| morphemes = | | morphemes = θūrina-{{red|∅}} | ||
| gloss = women.F.IRREG-3.{{red|DIFF}} | | gloss = women.F.IRREG-3.{{red|DIFF}} | ||
| translation = She is a woman. | | translation = She is a woman. | ||