Khuamnisht

Khuamnisht
K̔uamništ
Created by
SettingVerse:Lõis
Indo-European


K̔uamništ (natively K̔uamništ goč̔ /kʰuəmniʃt goʰtʃ/) is an Azalic language. It is significantly more agglutinative than English.

K̔uamništ has two dialects, a Southern one (leniting of medial aspirated stops to h, turning some umlauted vowels in Proto-Azalic into long vowels), and a Northern one which has ejectives.

It's in a sprachbund with Kwenya, a Hellenic language, and Anorite, a Semitic language.

Khuamnisht and Greek are the classical languages of Buddhism in Lõis.

Phonology

à /ɔ/

o may be /œ/

p̔ t̔ c̔ č̔ k̔ /pʰ tʰ tsʰ tʃʰ kʰ/

v x y /v x j/

Some sound changes

Initial *a (from initial PAzal *o) -> ya in some words (koineized)

PAzal *ə -> e

xuan, tà, t̔ria, p̔rur, p̔àx, šak, šavt, yaxt, nin, caxen

erkencaš, t̔ricaš, p̔rucaš, p̔àxcaš, šacaš, šavencaš, yaxcaš, nivcaš, k̔en

1000: t̔usk̔en

Morphology

Nouns

K̔uamništ nouns fall into three declension classes. First declension nouns pluralize by slenderizing their final consonants, and second declension nouns pluralize by adding final -e. Most nouns belong to the third declension, where nouns pluralize in -t̔ or -et̔.

Nouns in K̔uamništ have ten cases: ergative, absolutive, genitive, dative, instrumental, comitative, essive, locative, translative and distributive.

Adjectives

Unlike nouns, adjectives do not inflect.

Verbs

Verb conjugation
Weak: lov 'love' Strong: bent 'bind' Semi-strong: k̔olt 'grasp'
Imperative lov! bent! k̔olt!
Present progressive lovaš bentaš k̔oltaš
Present habitual and aorist lovel bentel k̔oltel
Preterite ollovaš ebbentaš okk̔oltaš
Subjunctive (PAz irrealis + *wekw-) ollovač̔aš ebbentač̔aš okk̔oltač̔aš
Future (PAz irrealis + *h2el-) lovlaš bentlaš k̔oltlaš
Perfect (PAz stative + *steh2-) lovt̔aš bentt̔aš k̔oltt̔aš
Pluperfect (PAz stative + *ste-steh2-) lovsat̔aš bentsat̔aš k̔oltsat̔aš
Active part. lovnt̔ bentnt̔ k̔oltnt̔
Passive part. lovad bentad k̔oltad

Syntax

Inspiration: poetic English, Urdu

Khuamnisht syntax is SOV head-initial like Anorite, but may be OSV or very occasionally SVO. Imperative and optative clauses use VSO syntax.

Khuamnisht is never pro-drop: Yet ye sebedžàt̔as! "Eat the vegetables!"