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Proto-Settameric/Swadesh list: Difference between revisions
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| 8 || not || *kää- || A prefix, used together with nominals. | | 8 || not || *kää- || A prefix, used together with nominals. | ||
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| 9 || all || *lčus, * | | 9 || all || *lčus, *njumʼə || | ||
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| 10 || many || *səłku-(t/s) || The Western and the Far Eastern languages show a final ''*-t'', while other languages point towards ''*-s'' instead. | | 10 || many || *səłku-(t/s) || The Western and the Far Eastern languages show a final ''*-t'', while other languages point towards ''*-s'' instead. | ||
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| 31 || bone || *łəqʷ, *xoockʼee || | | 31 || bone || *łəqʷ, *xoockʼee || | ||
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| 32 || grease || *woolxə, *njooš || ''* | | 32 || grease || *woolxə, *njooš || ''*njooš'' likely had an adjectival meaning of "containing a lot of fat". | ||
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| 33 || egg || *tqaalx || The root ''* | | 33 || egg || *tqaalx || The root ''*njujee'', that evolved into words for "egg" in various languages, actually meant "caviar". | ||
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| 34 || horn || *wiiʟ || | | 34 || horn || *wiiʟ || | ||
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| 37 || hair || *ʟʼeepe || | | 37 || hair || *ʟʼeepe || | ||
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| 38 || head || *tʼuqʷ || Various languages derive their words for "head" from ''* | | 38 || head || *tʼuqʷ || Various languages derive their words for "head" from ''*qamsə'' "face", ''*oori'' "forward", ''*čiiŋqə'' "forehead". | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 39 || ear || *ʟʼaatə, *noo(tə)x || The root ''*noo(t)xə'' can not be easily reconstructed. It is only found among the Eastern languages and for some it can be reconstructed as ''*noox'', while for others - ''*notxə''. This is very likely a substrate word from an extinct lnguage. | | 39 || ear || *ʟʼaatə, *noo(tə)x || The root ''*noo(t)xə'' can not be easily reconstructed. It is only found among the Eastern languages and for some it can be reconstructed as ''*noox'', while for others - ''*notxə''. This is very likely a substrate word from an extinct lnguage. | ||
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| 52 || heart || *tʼiŋqee, *łəmcas || The Southern languages evolve their words for heart from ''*łəmcas'', which meant "middle". | | 52 || heart || *tʼiŋqee, *łəmcas || The Southern languages evolve their words for heart from ''*łəmcas'', which meant "middle". | ||
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| 53 || liver || *(r | | 53 || liver || *(r/ł)aaqʷa, || The Western languages show initial ''*r-'', while the Eastern ones show ''*ł'-'. The Southern branch derives their words from *łiqʷ "meat", or ''*tʰištə'' "spleen". | ||
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| 54 || drink || *mɣoor || | | 54 || drink || *mɣoor || | ||
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| 64 || fly (v.) || *njool, *njil || Likely old imperfective and perfective roots respectively. | | 64 || fly (v.) || *njool, *njil || Likely old imperfective and perfective roots respectively. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 65 || go || *wii, * | | 65 || go || *wii, *ʟʼaa || | ||
|- | |- | ||
| 66 || come || *θoonʼə || | | 66 || come || *θoonʼə || | ||
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| 69 || stand || *ʟaa || The Southern languages don't show this root, instead their words for "to stand" are derived from ''*ɣaap''. | | 69 || stand || *ʟaa || The Southern languages don't show this root, instead their words for "to stand" are derived from ''*ɣaap''. | ||
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| 70 || give || – || No root can be reconstructed. | | 70 || give || – || No root can be reconstructed. Western languages show the root ''*-iq-'', which also had the meaning of "carrying". Other languages have different roots and in the Eastern languages the verb "to give" has no root and its person and aspect affixes do not attach to anything. | ||
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| 71 || say || *qoołt || | | 71 || say || *qoołt || | ||
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[[Category:Swadesh lists]] | [[Category:Swadesh lists]] [[Category:Settameric languages]] | ||