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Ris: Difference between revisions
→Orthography
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==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
Ris is primarily written in the [[w:Latin alphabet|Latin alphabet]], but the original alphabet was in fact [[w:Greek alphabet|Greek]]. In its classical and modern form, the alphabet has 24 letters, ordered from alpha to omega; or | Ris is primarily written in the [[w:Latin alphabet|Latin alphabet]], but the original alphabet was in fact [[w:Greek alphabet|Greek]]. In its classical and modern form, the alphabet has 24 letters, ordered from alpha to omega; or ''ai mḗ otḗma'' in Ris. The below table shows the two alphabets and the Ris names for the letters, as well as the pronunciation in '''Standard Ris''' and the colloquial '''Ouis dialect'''. | ||
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|/oɪ̯/ | |/oɪ̯/ | ||
|} | |} | ||
===Diacritics=== | |||
The Ris alphabets, both the Latin and Greek one, use a few different diacritics to modify the pronunciation. There are five diacritics that mark the following: | |||
*A stressed vowel in a syllable. | |||
*A long vowel in a syllable. | |||
*An aspirated vowel; preceded by /h/. Can also mark the phoneme /r̥ʰ/. | |||
*A stressed, aspirated vowel. | |||
*A long, aspirated vowel. | |||
The use of [[w:aspiration|aspiration]] here does not refer to the co-articulating process, but rather that the vowel is preceded by an /h/, a "glottal fricative". | |||
====Stressed vowels==== | |||
Stressed vowels are marked with an [[w:acute accent|acute accent]], <'''´'''>, in the Latin script. In the Greek alphabet, the diacritic is the acute accent as well, only slightly different; <'''΄'''>. These mark that the syllable with the vowel is to be [[w:Stress (linguistics)|stressed]], and thus articulated stronger, than other syllables. | |||
{|class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-right: 50px; margin-left: 50px; text-align: center;" | |||
|- | |||
|[[File:Greek acute.png|50px]] | |||
|[[File:Greek grave.png|50px]] | |||
|[[File:Latin eta.png|50px]] | |||
|- | |||
|Acute || Grave || Eta | |||
|- | |||
|[[File:Greek asper.png|50px]] | |||
|[[File:Greek asper acute.png|50px]] | |||
|[[File:Latin eta acute.png|50px]] | |||
|- | |||
|Spiritus asper || Asper acute || Eta acute | |||
|} | |||
====Long vowels==== | |||
Long vowels are vowels pronounced vowels articulated for a longer period of time. These get a [[w:grave accent|grave accent]] in the Greek alphabet, <'''`'''>, and a [[w:macron|macron]] in the Latin script, <'''¯'''>. | |||
Long vowels grave accent in the Greek script when stressed. In the Latin alphabet, however, the stressed long vowels get a second acute accent above the macron, <''' ̄́'''>. | |||
As previously mentioned, all vowels can be long vowels, but there are two vowels that change their quality when elongated; the /ɛ/ and /ɔ/. These are raised to /eː/ and /oː/ respectively. In the Latin script these are marked as expected, <'''ē'''> and <'''ō'''>. However, in the Greek script, they are replaced by the letters [[w:eta|eta]] <'''η'''> and [[w:omega|omega]] <'''ω'''> respectively. | |||
====Aspiration==== | |||
Aspiration, when a vowel is preceded by /h/, is marked by a so-called [[w:rough breathing|dasia]] in the Greek script, <'''῾'''>. In the Latin manner of style though, the letter <'''h'''> precedes the vowel, as it does phonetically. | |||
In the Greek script, the dasia can be combined with the acute and grave accent, producing <'''῞'''> and <'''῝'''>. | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||