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Ris: Difference between revisions
→Orthography
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==Orthography== | ==Orthography== | ||
Ris is primarily written in the [[w:Latin alphabet|Latin alphabet]], but the original alphabet was in fact [[w:Greek alphabet|Greek]]. In its classical and modern form, the alphabet has 24 letters, ordered from alpha to omega; or ''ai mḗ otḗma'' in Ris. The below table shows the two alphabets and the Ris names for the letters, as well as the pronunciation in '''Standard Ris''' and the colloquial '''Ouis dialect'''. | Ris is primarily written in the [[w:Latin alphabet|Latin alphabet]], but the original alphabet was in fact [[w:Greek alphabet|Greek]]. In its classical and modern form, the alphabet has 24 letters, ordered from alpha to omega; or ''ai mḗ otḗma'' in Ris. The below table shows the two alphabets and the Ris names for the letters, as well as the pronunciation in '''Standard Ris''' and the colloquial '''Ouis dialect'''. | ||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 600px; text-align: center;" | {| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width: 600px; text-align: center;" | ||
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|Θ θ | |Θ θ | ||
|''θήτα'' | |''θήτα'' | ||
|Th | |Th th | ||
|''tha'' | |''tha'' | ||
|/tʰ/ | |/tʰ/ | ||
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|- | |- | ||
|Ρ ρ | |Ρ ρ | ||
|'' | |''ρό'' | ||
|R r | |R r | ||
|''ría'' | |''ría'' | ||
| | |/r/ | ||
|/ɹ/ | |||
|- | |||
|'Ρ ῤ | |||
|''ῤαυ'' | |||
|Rh rh | |||
|''rhau'' | |||
|/r̥ʰ/ | |||
|/r/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Σ σ ς | |Σ σ ς | ||
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|Y y | |Y y | ||
|''hytḗma'' | |''hytḗma'' | ||
| | |/ʉ/ | ||
|/ʏ/ | |||
|- | |- | ||
|Φ φ | |Φ φ | ||
|''φία'' | |''φία'' | ||
|Ph | |Ph ph | ||
|''pha'' | |''pha'' | ||
|/pʰ/ | |/pʰ/ | ||
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|Χ χ | |Χ χ | ||
|''χία'' | |''χία'' | ||
|Kh | |Kh kh | ||
|''kha'' | |''kha'' | ||
|/kʰ/ | |/kʰ/ | ||
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|Ψ ψ | |Ψ ψ | ||
|''ψία'' | |''ψία'' | ||
|Ps | |Ps ps | ||
|''ḗpsa'' | |''ḗpsa'' | ||
| colspan="2"|/ps͎/ | | colspan="2"|/ps͎/ | ||
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====Stressed vowels==== | ====Stressed vowels==== | ||
Stressed vowels are marked with an [[w:acute accent|acute accent]], <'''´'''>, in the Latin script. In the Greek alphabet, the diacritic is the acute accent as well, only slightly different; <'''΄'''>. These mark that the syllable with the vowel is to be [[w:Stress (linguistics)|stressed]], and thus articulated stronger, than other syllables. | Stressed vowels are marked with an [[w:acute accent|acute accent]], <'''<big>´</big>'''>, in the Latin script. In the Greek alphabet, the diacritic is the acute accent as well, only slightly different; <'''<big>΄</big>'''>. These mark that the syllable with the vowel is to be [[w:Stress (linguistics)|stressed]], and thus articulated stronger, than other syllables. | ||
{|class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-right: 50px; margin-left: 50px; text-align: center;" | {|class="wikitable" style="float:right; margin-right: 50px; margin-left: 50px; text-align: center;" | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|} | |} | ||
====Long vowels==== | ====Long vowels==== | ||
Long vowels are vowels pronounced vowels articulated for a longer period of time. These get a [[w:grave accent|grave accent]] in the Greek alphabet, <'''`'''>, and a [[w:macron|macron]] in the Latin script, <'''¯'''>. | Long vowels are vowels pronounced vowels articulated for a longer period of time. These get a [[w:grave accent|grave accent]] in the Greek alphabet, <'''<big>`</big>'''>, and a [[w:macron|macron]] in the Latin script, <'''<big>¯</big>'''>. | ||
Long vowels grave accent in the Greek script when stressed. In the Latin alphabet, however, the stressed long vowels get a second acute accent above the macron, <''' ̄́'''>. | Long vowels grave accent in the Greek script when stressed. In the Latin alphabet, however, the stressed long vowels get a second acute accent above the macron, <''<big>' ̄́</big>'''>. | ||
As previously mentioned, all vowels can be long vowels, but there are two vowels that change their quality when elongated; the /ɛ/ and /ɔ/. These are raised to /eː/ and /oː/ respectively. In the Latin script these are marked as expected, <'''ē'''> and <'''ō'''>. However, in the Greek script, they are replaced by the letters [[w:eta|eta]] <'''η'''> and [[w:omega|omega]] <'''ω'''> respectively. | As previously mentioned, all vowels can be long vowels, but there are two vowels that change their quality when elongated; the /ɛ/ and /ɔ/. These are raised to /eː/ and /oː/ respectively. In the Latin script these are marked as expected, <'''ē'''> and <'''ō'''>. However, in the Greek script, they are replaced by the letters [[w:eta|eta]] <'''η'''> and [[w:omega|omega]] <'''ω'''> respectively. | ||
====Aspiration==== | ====Aspiration==== | ||
Aspiration, when a vowel is preceded by /h/, is marked by a so-called [[w:rough breathing|dasia]] in the Greek script, <'''῾'''>. In the Latin manner of style though, the letter <'''h'''> precedes the vowel, as it does phonetically. | Aspiration, when a vowel is preceded by /h/, is marked by a so-called [[w:rough breathing|dasia]] in the Greek script, <'''<big>῾</big>'''>. In the Latin manner of style though, the letter <'''h'''> precedes the vowel, as it does phonetically. | ||
In the Greek script, the dasia can be combined with the acute and grave accent, producing <'''<big>῞</big>'''> and <'''<big>῝</big>'''>. | |||
The dasia can also be placed on the Greek ''ro'' sign, <'''ρ'''>. The pronunciation of <'''ῤ'''> becomes /r̥ʰ/, an aspirated voiceless alveolo-dental trill. | |||
==Morphology== | ==Morphology== | ||