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Ris: Difference between revisions

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Ris (view source)

Revision as of 15:37, 3 July 2013

162 bytes removed ,  3 July 2013
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{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width: 700px; text-align: center;"
|+'''Ris consonants'''
|+'''Ris consonants'''|-! colspan="9"|Consonants
|-
 
! colspan="9"|Consonants
 
|-
|-! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|
! colspan="2" rowspan="2"|
 
 
! rowspan="2"| Bilabial
! rowspan="2"| Bilabial
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"| Denti-alveolar
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"| Denti-alveolar
! rowspan="2"| Palatal
! rowspan="2"| Palatal
! rowspan="2"| Velar
! rowspan="2"| Velar
! rowspan="2"| Glottal
! rowspan="2"| Glottal
|-
 
! <small>plain</small>
 
! <small>whispered</small>
|-! <small>plain</small>
|- align="center"
 
!Nasals
 
! <small>advanced</small>
 
 
|- align="center"!Nasals
 
 
!<small>plain</small>
!<small>plain</small>
|'''m''' /m/
|'''m''' /m/
|'''n '''/n/
|'''n '''/n/
|
|
|
|
|[ŋ]
|[ŋ]
|
|
|-
 
! rowspan="3"|Plosives
 
|-! rowspan="3"|Plosives
 
 
!<small>aspirated</small>
!<small>aspirated</small>
|'''ph''' /pʰ/
|'''ph''' /pʰ/
|'''th''' /tʰ/
|'''th''' /tʰ/
|
|
|
|
|'''kh''' /kʰ/
|'''kh''' /kʰ/
| colspan="1" rowspan="3"| [ʔ]
| colspan="1" rowspan="3"| [ʔ]
|-
 
!<small>unvoiced</small>
 
|-!<small>unvoiced</small>
 
 
|'''p''' /p/
|'''p''' /p/
|'''t''' /t/
|'''t''' /t/
|
|
|
|
|'''k''' /k/
|'''k''' /k/
|-
 
!<small>voiced</small>
 
|'''b''' /b/
|-!<small>ejective</small>
|'''d''' /d/
 
 
|'''b''' /pʼ/
 
 
|'''d''' /tʼ/
 
 
|
|
|
|
|'''g''' /g/
 
|-
 
! colspan="1" rowspan="2"|Fricatives
|'''g''' /kʼ/
 
 
|-! colspan="1" rowspan="2"|Fricatives
 
 
!<small>unvoiced</small>
!<small>unvoiced</small>
|
|
|
|
|'''s''' /s͎/
 
 
|'''s''' /s ~ ʂ/
 
 
| colspan="3" rowspan="1"|'''h''' /ç ~ x ~ h/
| colspan="3" rowspan="1"|'''h''' /ç ~ x ~ h/
|-
 
!<small>voiced</small>
 
|-!<small>voiced</small>
 
 
|
|
| colspan="2" rowspan="1"|'''z''' /d͡z ~ d͡z͎ ~ z ~ z͎/
 
 
| colspan="2" rowspan="1"|'''z''' /d͡z ~ d͡ʐ ~ z ~ ʐ/
 
 
|[ʝ]
|[ʝ]
|
|
|
|
|-
 
! rowspan="2"|Trills
 
|-! rowspan="2"|Trills
 
 
!<small>aspirated</small>
!<small>aspirated</small>
|
|
| colspan="2"|'''r''' /r̥ʰ/
|
|
|'''r''' /r̥ʰ/
 
 
|
|
|
|
|-!<small>voiced</small>
|
|
|-
 
!<small>voiced</small>
 
| colspan="2"|'''r''' /r/
 
 
|
|
|
|
|'''r''' /r/
 
 
|
|
|-! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Approximants
|'''ou, u''' /w/
|
|
|
|
|-
 
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Approximants
 
|'''ou''' /w/
|'''i''' /j/
 
 
|
|
|
|
|-! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Laterals
|
|
|'''l''' /ʎ/
|
|
|
|
|-
 
! colspan="2" rowspan="1"|Laterals
 
|
|
|
 
|'''l''' /l ~ ʎ/
 
|
||}
|
 
|
|}


====Consonant allophony====
====Consonant allophony====
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|+
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="5"|'''{{blue|ἒ}}τροι'''
| colspan="5"|'''{{blue|ἒ}}ντρο'''
|-
|-
| colspan="5"|'''{{blue|h}}étroi'''
| colspan="5"|'''{{blue|h}}entro'''
|-
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
<!-- Pronunciation-->
|  /ˈ{{blue|h}}ɛtrɔɪ̯/
|  /ˈ{{blue|h}}ɛntrɔ/


! =
! =


| /ˈ{{blue|x}}ɛtrɔɪ̯/
| /ˈ{{blue|x}}ɛntrɔ/


! =
! =


|/ˈ{{blue|ç}}ɛtrɔɪ̯/
|/ˈ{{blue|ç}}ɛntrɔ/
|-
|-
<!-- Translation -->
<!-- Translation -->
| colspan="5"| ''normal, okay''
| colspan="5"| ''I am normal, okay''
|}
|}


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|+
|+
<!-- Sentence -->
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="4"|'''{{blue|ὒ}}ο'''
| colspan="4"|'''{{blue|ὐ}}ο'''
| colspan="3"|'''{{blue|ἢ}}στιμι'''
| colspan="3"|'''{{blue|ἠ}}στιμι'''
|-
|-
| colspan="4"|'''{{blue|h}}ýo'''
| colspan="4"|'''{{blue|h}}yo'''
| colspan="3"|'''{{blue|h}}ḗstimi'''
| colspan="3"|'''{{blue|h}}éstimi'''
|-
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
<!-- Pronunciation-->
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=====Palatalisation=====
=====Palatalisation=====
[[w:Palatalisation|Palatalisation]] occurs due to two main factors:
[[w:Palatalisation|Palatalisation]] applies to velar consonants and occurs due to two main factors:
* '''Internally''': Front vowels tend to palatalise preceding consonants if the syllable is stressed.  
* '''Internally''': Front vowels and the palatal approximant, /j/, tend to palatalise preceding consonants if the syllable is stressed.  
**C[-pal, -rhotic, -appr]  → C[+pal, -rhotic, -appr] /_V[+front, +stress]_
**C[-pal, +velar]  → C[+pal, -velar] / _V[+front, +stress]
* '''Externally''': A final near-close near-front vowel, /ɪ/, palatalises the initial consonant of the following word.
* '''Externally''': A final near-close near-front vowel, /ɪ/, palatalises the initial consonant of the following word.
All consonants but the rhotic trills and the labio-velar semivowel are affected.
{| class="bluetable lightbluebg " style="width:650px; text-align:center;"
|-
! Plain
!/m/
!/n/
!/p
!/t/
!/k/
!/b/
!/d/
!/g/
!/pʰ/
!/tʰ/
!/kʰ/
!/s/
!/z/
!/h/
!/l/
|-
! Palatalised
|[mɲ]
|[ɲ]
|[pj]
|[t͡ʃ]
|[c]
|[bj]
|[ɟ]
|[ʝ]
|[p]
|[t]
|[k]
|[ʃ]
|[ʒ]
|[ç]
|[ʎ]
|}


{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em; border:1px solid #CCC; background:#f5f5f5"
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em; border:1px solid #CCC; background:#f5f5f5"
|+
|+
<!-- Script-->
<!-- Script-->
| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|ρ}}ἂκι'''
| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|ρ}}ακι'''


!
!


| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|τ}}ή'''
| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|τ}}η'''


!
!


| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|ἢ}}στιμι'''
| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|ἠ}}στιμι'''


!
!


| colspan="3"|'''{{blue|τ}}ί {{blue|κ}}ατεράσχοι'''
| colspan="3"|'''{{blue|τ}}ι {{blue|κ}}ατέρριστουας?'''
|-
|-
<!-- Sentence -->
<!-- Sentence -->
| colspan="3"| '''rā́{{blue|k}}i'''
| colspan="3"| '''ra{{blue|k}}i'''


!
!


| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|t}}ḗ'''
| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|t}}é'''


!
!


| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|h}}ḗstimi?'''
| colspan="3"| '''{{blue|h}}éstimi?'''


!
!


| colspan="3"|'''{{blue|t}}í {{blue|k}}ateráskhoi?'''
| colspan="3"|'''{{blue|t}}i {{blue|k}}atérristouas?'''
|-
|-
<!-- Pronunciation-->
<!-- Pronunciation-->
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! →
! →


|[ˈt͡ʃeː]
|[ˈteː]


!
!


|/ˈheːs͎tɪmɪ/
|/ˈheːstɪmɪ/


! →
! →


| [ˈçeːs͎tɪmɪ]
| [ˈçeːstɪmɪ]


!
!


| /ˈtɪ katɛˈraskʰɔɪ̯/
| /ˈtɪ kaˈtɛrrɪstwas/


! →
! →


| [ˈt͡ʃɪ catɛˈraskʰɔɪ̯]
| [ˈtɪ caˈtɛrrɪstwas̟]
|-
|-
<!-- Translation -->
<!-- Translation -->
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!
!


| colspan="3"|''Where did I write it?''
| colspan="3"|''What are you writing?''
|}
|}


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