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Revision as of 19:17, 16 July 2013

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→‎Agentative
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The '''agentative''' ({{sc|agt}}) case is used to mark the subject, or agent, of transitive verbs. However, intertwined with the Ris language's distinction on control and volition, there is a distinction on intransitives, marking high control intransitives with the agentative argument.  
The '''agentative''' ({{sc|agt}}) case is used to mark the subject, or agent, of transitive verbs. However, intertwined with the Ris language's distinction on control and volition, there is a distinction on intransitives, marking high control intransitives with the agentative argument.  


*On verbs, the agentive uses the suffix <''-in''> to agree with a high-control subject, or an agentive noun. It is used if the agentive pronoun is omitted. However, this is not completely true; please see the section on [[Ris#Inverse marking|inverse marking]].
The verbs use the suffix <''-s''> to agree with high-control subjects; agentive nouns. However, this is not completely true; please see the section on [[Ris#Inverse marking|inverse marking]].
 
{{Gloss|phrase = mau katēro kterma
 
|IPA = /maw kaˈteːrɔ ˈktɛrma/
{| cellpadding="4" style="line-height: 1em; border:1px solid #CCC; background:#f5f5f5"
|morphemes = {{red|mau}} katēr-∅-{{red|o}} kterma-∅
|+
|gloss = 1.{{red|AGT}}.SG to write-ACT.IND.PRFV-{{red|IN.PAT}}.1.SG letter.III-PAT.SG
<!-- Sentence -->
|translation = I am writing a letter.
| colspan="4"|'''({{red|eu}}) katéro kterma'''
}}
 
{{Gloss
!
|phrase = he tethoūris
 
|IPA = /ˈhɛ tɛˈtʰʊːrɪ/
| colspan="3"| '''{{red|toú}} tethoúr{{red|i}}'''
|morphemes = toū te~thoūr-{{red|is}}
 
|gloss = 2.AGT.SG ACT.IND.ITR~to run-1.{{red|AGT}}.SG
!
|translation = He are running around.
 
}}
| colspan="2"|'''ánkour{{red|ón}}'''
{{Gloss
|-
|phrase = ānkouros...!
<!-- Pronunciation-->
|IPA = /ˈaːŋkʊros/
| colspan="4"| /ˈɛu̩ kaˈteːrɔ ˈktɛrma/
| morphemes = ānkour-∅-{{red|os}}
 
| gloss = to hit-ACT.IMP.PRFV-2.SG.AGT bird.I-{{blue|PAT}}.SG
!
| translation = I purposely trip...!
 
}}
| colspan="3"|/ˈtʊː tɛˈtʰʊːrɪ/
 
!
 
| colspan="2"|/ˈaːŋkʊroːn/
|-
<!-- Morphemes-->
|<small>{{red|eu}}</small>
|<small>katér</small>
|<small>-o</small>
|<small>kterma</small>
 
!
 
|<small>{{red|toú}}</small>
|<small>tethoúr</small>
|<small>{{red|i}}</small>
 
!
 
|<small>ónkour-</small>
|<small>{{red|-ón}}</small>
 
|-
<!-- Gloss-->
|I.{{sc|1.{{red|agt}}.sg}}
|write.{{sc|act.ind.perf}}
| -{{sc|pat.1.sg}}
|letter.{{sc|ma.inan.pat.sg}}
 
!
 
|you.{{sc|2.{{red|agt}}.sg}}
|run.{{sc|act.ind.itr}}
| -{{sc|{{red|agt}}.1.sg}}
 
!
 
|trip.{{sc|act.ind.perf}}
| -{{sc|{{red|agt}}.1.sg}}
 
|-
<!-- Translations -->
| colspan="4"| ''I am writing a letter.''
 
!
 
| colspan="3"| ''You are running around.''
 
!
 
| colspan="2"|''I trip on purpose''
|}


=====Agentive versus patientive=====
=====Agentive versus patientive=====
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