Shum

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Shum
llhau syuun
Created byPraimhín
SettingVerse:Schngellstein
  • Shum
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Shum (shoom; native name llhau syuun) is a tonal language inspired by Marathi, Hmong and one of Inthar's old sketches, Reber Wiebian.

Introduction

Phonology

Orthography

Initials

Bilabial Labiodental Dental Alveolar Retroflex Retroflex Lateral Palatal Velar Glottal
Voiceless stop p /p/ tt /t̪/ t /ʈ/ tl /ʈᶩ/ c /c/ k /k/
Aspirated stop ph /pʰ/ tth /t̪ʰ/ th /ʈʰ/ tlh /ʈᶩʰ/ ch /cʰ/ kh /kʰ/
Voiced stop b /b/ dd /d̪/ d /ɖ/ dl /ɖᶩ/ j /ɟ/ g /ɡ/
Murmured stop bh /bʰ/ ddh /d̪ʰ/ dh /ɖʰ/ dlh /ɖᶩʰ/ jh /ɟʰ/ gh /ɡʰ/
Nasal m /m/ nn /n̪/ n /ɳ/ nl /ɳᶩ/ nj /ɲ/
Murmured nasal mh /mʰ/ nnh /n̪ʰ/ nh /ɳʰ/ nlh /ɳᶩʰ/ njh /ɲʰ/
Fricative ss /s/ s /ʂ/ sy /ç~ɕ/ h /h/
Approximant v /ʋ/ ll /l/ l /ɺ̢/ y /j/
Murmured approximant vh /ʋʰ/ llh /lʰ/ lh /ɺ̢ʰ/
Trill r /r/

Rimes

  • aʔ iʔ uʔ ahᵃ ihⁱ uhᵘ with a mid (33) tone (spelled at it ut ah ih uh)
  • aʔ iʔ uʔ ahᵃ ihⁱ uhᵘ with a low (22) tone (spelled att itt utt aha ihi uhu)
  • a: e: i: o: u: ai au am~ã: em~ẽ: im~ĩ: om~õ: um~ũ: (spelled a e i o u ai au aa ee ii oo uu) with mid (33), low (21), rising (25), falling (41), dipping (313 with creaky voice on the 1), and high dipping tone (434) tones; the tone letters are as follows:
Tone Mid Low Rising Falling Dipping High dipping
Spelling n b d j s

Registers

Prosody

Stress

Intonation

Phonotactics

Morphophonology

Morphology

Shum is completely isolating and head-initial.

  • tlan (I), mhais (boat) ⇒ mhais tlan (my boat)
  • ruub (eye), be (water) ⇒ be ruub (tears)

Pronouns

Shum pronouns are based on rank, not person or gender. (tlan is used only in textbooks)

Numbers

Syntax

Word order is SVO; adjectives and relative clauses come before nouns; there are postpositions instead of prepositions; determiners and classifiers are placed before the noun; complementizers are head-initial.

Constituent order

Noun phrase

Verb phrase

Sentence phrase

Dependent clauses

Lexicon

  • nlhaha 'fire'
  • be 'water'
  • tlan 'I'
  • mhais 'boat'

Other resources