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:''This article is about modern Tseer. For Classical Tseer, see [[Tseer/Classical]].''
:''This article is about modern Tseer. For Classical Tseer, see [[Tseer/Classical]].''
'''Tseer''' (''chair''; natively ''døludx Tseer'' <small>Classical:</small> /døludz tʃẽr̝/ <small>Modern:</small> /dəwüts tʃẽʃ/ (the ''-x'' is a feminine marker); [[Skellan]]: ''brits Txeñz'') is a [[Lakovic languages|Lakovic]] language spoken in Talma. It is inspired mainly by Hmong and Somali, with touches of Burmese (especially for Modern Tseer), Vietnamese and Satem IE languages like Polish.
Tseer was a prominent classical language of Talma, second to [[Windermere]]; it left a significant influence on [[Windermere]] and [[Skellan]].
Unlike [[Windermere]], [[Tsrovesh]], or [[Häskä]], Tseer epenthesized initial clusters or vocalized the laryngeal *H in clusters.
==Phonology==
==Phonology==
*''th''~''ts'' merger like Hanoi Vietnamese
*''th''~''ts'' merger like Hanoi Vietnamese

Revision as of 00:06, 15 July 2019

This article is about modern Tseer. For Classical Tseer, see Tseer/Classical.

Tseer (chair; natively døludx Tseer Classical: /døludz tʃẽr̝/ Modern: /dəwüts tʃẽʃ/ (the -x is a feminine marker); Skellan: brits Txeñz) is a Lakovic language spoken in Talma. It is inspired mainly by Hmong and Somali, with touches of Burmese (especially for Modern Tseer), Vietnamese and Satem IE languages like Polish.

Tseer was a prominent classical language of Talma, second to Windermere; it left a significant influence on Windermere and Skellan.

Unlike Windermere, Tsrovesh, or Häskä, Tseer epenthesized initial clusters or vocalized the laryngeal *H in clusters.

Phonology

  • th~ts merger like Hanoi Vietnamese
  • Different pronunciations of Classical r:
    • Cr clusters = /Cj/ in Modern Tseezh, while it was /Cr/ in Classical Tseezh.
    • Syllable-final r = [ʃ]
    • Otherwise r = [r]
  • ð is pronounced [ɣ] in conservative accents. Usually it disappears and causes compensatory lengthening of the previous vowel.
  • Unstressed nasal vowels > syllabic nasals: oozhad > nzhad

Nasal/nonnasal vowel split

a e i o u ø /ɑ æ i o ü ə/ + að eð ið oð uð øð (long versions)

aa ee ii oo uu øø = /ã ẽj~ẽ e õw~õ u ɚ/ + aað eeð iið ooð uuð øøð long versions [These also occur for V + nasal consonant]

e /æ/ is [ɛ] before zh.

o /o/ is [u] after /w/.

Morphology

Phonology

I thou (m.) thou (f.) he she we (exc.) we (inc.) you (pl.) they (an.)
Subject clitics -ir -ekh -ex -in -ix -rii -ba -nin -nix
Full pronouns rii khen kheex in iix riiri baa inin iniix

Nouns

Verbs

Modern Tseer retains most of the Classical verb morphology but changed some of the meanings.

Verb template

Same as in Classical Tseer

Agreement

Feminine subject: va-

Voice

Passive: haa- (~ Windermere ha-)

Verbal number

Pluractionality: akh-

TAM

Aspects/Tenses (needs some fusion):

  • 0- = atelic past
  • tho- = telic past
  • we- = atelic nonpast
  • otho- = telic nonpast (often future)

Imperative?

Derivational morphology

Syntax

VSOX, VSXO with pronominal objects

Sample texts

UDHR, Article 1

Eehayxeew vikhon zhakhod mog xiwakoo de thøzh me nfidhx de xanøkhx.

PLACT-PASS-give_birth all human to free and equal in dignity and rights.

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights.

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