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==Phonology 240914== | |||
===Consonants=== | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 665px; text-align:center; " | |||
! style="width: 95px; "| | |||
! style="width: 95px; "| Labial | |||
! style="width: 95px; "| Lingual | |||
! style="width: 95px; "| Alveolar | |||
! style="width: 95px; "| Palatal | |||
! style="width: 95px; "| Velar | |||
! style="width: 95px; "| Glottal | |||
|- | |||
! Nasal | |||
| '''m''' /m/ | |||
| '''m̈''' /n̼/ | |||
| '''n''' /n/ | |||
| '''ny''' /ɲ/ | |||
| '''ng''' /ŋ/ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! Plosive | |||
| '''p''' /p/ | |||
| '''d''' /d̼/ | |||
| '''t''' /t/ | |||
| '''c''' /c/ '''j''' /ɟ/ | |||
| '''k''' /k/ | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! Fricative | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''s''' /s/ | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''h''' /h/ | |||
|- | |||
! Approx. | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| '''r''' /r/ '''l''' /l/ | |||
| '''y''' /j/ | |||
| '''w''' /ɰ/ | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
*There are 16 consonant phonemes. | |||
*Labial consonants are bilabial. | |||
*Lingual consonants are linguolabial. | |||
*All consonants apart from /n̼, d̼/ may occur as geminates. | |||
*Geminate /ɲː, ŋː/ are written <nny, nng>. | |||
*For all other geminates the grapheme is doubled. | |||
*Only geminate plosives may occur word-initially. | |||
*All geminates are permitted word-medially. | |||
===Vowels=== | |||
{| border="1" cellpadding="1" cellspacing="1" class="bluetable lightbluebg" style="width: 285px; text-align:center;" | |||
! style="width: 95px; "| | |||
! style="width: 95px; "|Front | |||
! style="width: 95px; "|Back | |||
|- | |||
! Close | |||
| '''i''' /i/ | |||
| [ɯ] | |||
|- | |||
! Mid | |||
| '''e''' /e/ | |||
| '''o''' /o/ | |||
|- | |||
! Open | |||
| colspan=2; "|'''a''' /a/ | |||
|} | |||
*There are short 4 vowel phonemes. | |||
*All vowels may be phonemically lengthened. | |||
*There are no diphthongs. | |||
*Long vowels are not permitted before geminate consonants. | |||