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User:Waahlis/Hrasic: Difference between revisions
→Phonological processes
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===Morphophonology=== | ===Morphophonology=== | ||
==== | ====Metaphony==== | ||
Hrasic has a system of [[w:metaphony|regressive metaphony]] similar to the [[w:Umlaut|I- and U-mutation]] in the [[w:Germanic languages|Germanic languages]]. It is a kind of [[w:vowel harmony|vowel harmony]], rather than mutation. | |||
It is a long distance metaphony which affects the preceding vowels in a whole word. | |||
{| cellspacing="5" style="font-size: 110%;" | |||
! <small><span style="line-height: 1.2em;">pre-assimilation</span></small> | |||
| | |||
! <small><span style="line-height: 1.2em;">post-assimilation</span></small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| C<span style="color:#008000">''V<sub>b</sub>''</span>C<span style="color:#008000">''V<sub>b</sub>''</span>C<span style="color:#800000">'''V<sub>a</sub>'''</span> | |||
| '''→''' | |||
| C<span style="color:#800000">''V<sub>a</sub>''</span>C<span style="color:#800000">''V<sub>a</sub>''</span>C<span style="color:#800000">'''V<sub>a</sub>'''</span> | |||
| <small>(<span style="color:#800000">V<sub>a</sub></span> = type-a vowel, <span style="color:#008000">V<sub>b</sub></span> = type-b vowel, C = consonant)</small> | |||
|} | |||
In the diagram above, the <span style="color:#800000">V<sub>a</sub></span> (type-a vowel) causes the preceding <span style="color:#008000">V<sub>b</sub></span> (type-b vowel) to assimilate and become the same type of vowel (and thus they become, metaphorically, "in harmony"). | |||
In Hrasic, these types of vowels are defined by their [[w:front vowels|frontness]]. There are three different types; '''ming''', '''rán''' and '''bhún''', where the '''rán''' vowel is neutral and can appear with both front and back vowels. | |||
*'''ming''' - ''narrow'', meaning [[w:front vowel|front vowel]]. | |||
*'''rán''' - ''perfect'', signifying the mid-central /ə/, the [[w:schwa|schwa]]. | |||
*'''bhún''' - ''broad'' vowels are [[w:back vowels|back vowels]]. | |||
{| class="browntable lightbrownbg" style="text-align:center; width: 250px;" | |||
|- | |||
! Front !! Neutral !! Back | |||
|- | |||
| '''i''' /ɪ/ || rowspan="5"| '''e''' /ə/ || '''í''' /ɨ/ | |||
|- | |||
| '''á''' /æ/ || '''a''' /ɑ/ | |||
|- | |||
| '''u''' /ʊ/ || '''ú''' /ɯ/ | |||
|- | |||
| '''ó''' /ɞ/ || '''o''' /ɔ/ | |||
|- | |||
| '''é''' /i/ || | |||
|} | |||
As it happens, '''ming-mutation''', or front mutation, is much more common than the '''bhún-mutation'''. Please note that the orthography is highly arbitrary, and the [[w:accent mark|accent mark]]s do not reflect frontness. | |||
==Grammar== | ==Grammar== | ||