Lakovic languages/Lexicon

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  • hir: island
    • Naeng ir
  • lăxir: snake
    • Naeng lăhier
    • Tseer leer
  • tăhbam: happy
    • Naeng thbam
    • Tseer athøøbam 'holiday'
  • făbroŋ: long
  • pxnăw: straight, honest, true
  • wăŋ: story, news
  • ʔrek: time, the olden days
    • Naeng wangrech 'epic'
    • ʔr<H>ek: to tell
      • Naeng reach
  • ʔăm: whole, all
    • Naeng tam 'full, complete, whole' < t-ʔam
    • Naeng łănam, ănam
  • ʔăwiš: angry
    • Naeng ithwiș 'to agitate'
  • dăy: and
  • ndăks: Mediterranean climate dry season (Naeng doach 'summer')
  • srel: Mediterranean climate rainy season (Naeng srel 'winter')
  • √kŋu: to build
  • √xtăr: black, dark
  • hedn: creature, Irish "an té"
  • √fed: to exist
    • m-fed with m- applicative > *mweet > Naeng moat 'copula'
  • √bsaŋ: kin, family
  • √nes: to hide
  • √kur: young
  • √klan: time, eon
  • √hwir: good
    • Naeng wier 'beautiful'
  • √śnuX: near
  • √păl: companion, together
  • √cŋet: green, grow
  • √tpik: know
  • √fcam: to call
  • √tak: to sit on
  • √lun: come
  • √cag: value, important, salient
  • √xnob: use, tool
  • √sbad: form, become
  • √rkam: to dwell
  • √rŋăb: dear, beloved
  • √fur: drink
  • √srob: sturdy, firm
  • √dās: strong
  • √ćhog: cold
  • √nsid: acquire, get
  • √śap: poke
  • păm: this; that
  • se: here
  • pi: there
  • √wnăng: speak
  • √ʔoŋ: complete; complementary
  • √dăʔ: good
    • Naeng to
    • Tseer da
  • √ndăʔ: 'to know'
  • √blek: shine, radiate
    • Naeng pleach
  • √ʔked: soft
  • √snak: 'to separate'
    • Tseer: taaker 'thought'
    • Naeng snoach: 'to learn'
  • √snek: 'to bite'
  • √ŋac: 'in front'
  • √ŋic: 'empty'
  • √yriš 'hear'
    • Naeng riș 'hear ye!'
  • √ʔpor 'high'
    • Naeng ăfur 'noble'
    • Tseer ofør 'high'
  • √mnot 'to produce, to grow, to give birth'
    • *mont-s
      • Naeng muad
  • √pdek 'to inhabit, to occupy, to be at'
    • *pdek-s
      • Naeng fteach 'body'
  • √dmăy 'to drop, to grant'
    • PAsh dàrmày 'rain'
      • Naeng trămäy
  • *√ptsun 'to live'
  • *lăkof = human, person
  • √mdăŋ 'to struggle, to fight'
    • Naeng mătäng 'war'
  • *ṛ-: nonvolitional
    • Naeng -ră-, -năr-
  • √tkaʔ 'to go'
    • *ṛ-tkä
      • Windermere răchta 'to die'
      • Tseer adhka 'to go'
  • ksih
    • Naeng csie 'star'
  • śkey
    • Naeng scey 'bark'
  • mama 'mother'
    • Naeng ăma
  • Qeb 'father'
    • Naeng ep
  • lban 'water'
    • PAsh àlbon
      • Naeng blon
      • Tseer olban, Modern nban
    • Häskä əlfon
  • √žăn 'to say'
    • PAsh šan 'to utter, to say'; šàn 'word'
      • Proto-Tumhanic hjàn 'word'
        • Schong jahn
        • Æ jov?
      • Naeng șän
  • √lgăn 'straight, upright'
    • PAsh àlgan
      • Naeng glan 'straight'
      • Tseer ookhan
  • mi 'general oblique marker'; became 'in, at' in many daughter languages.
  • √kʔed 'to disconnect' (some relate this to Clofabosin cedovir 'to think')
  • √śel 'split'
    • śel-s
      • Naeng łeal 'half'
  • √băd 'round'
    • Naeng pat
  • √ʔăbăl 'to think, mind'
  • √ŋsaʔ 'bright, clean'

Numbers

1-6: ʔihđan, ʔihrăt, ʔitsiw, ʔismek, ʔimhuc, dak