Tameï: Difference between revisions

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===Nouns===
===Nouns===
====Gender====
Tameï has three grammatical genders (''chiâ'', pl. ''chigūz''): masculine, feminine, and neuter. In most cases, they can be predicted based on the ending of the noun:
* The masculine class (''p′ūkiŧow chiâ'') includes most nouns ending in consonants (except ''-x'' and ''-z''), including in ''-ey'' and ''-ow'';
* The feminine class (''ninyaŧow chiâ'') includes all nouns ending in ''-i'' and ''-e'' (excluding the ''-wałe'' deverbal suffix, which is neuter), and most ''-ū'' and ''-a'' ones (incl. all Russian borrowings in ''-a'').
* The neuter class (''đalūnaŧow chiâ'') includes all nouns ending in ''-u'' and ''-o'', all those nouns ending in ''-x'' and ''-z'', and many ''-a'' ones.
There is no general pattern, not even semantic, for which ''-a'' nouns are feminine and which ones are neuter: for example among geographical features ''neyna'' "island" and ''r′ulka'' "beach" are feminine, while ''łäna'' "stream" is neuter, while among body parts ''kilka'' "foot" is neuter and ''nomisa'' "leg" is feminine.
A notable feature of Tameï classes is that they almost never correlate with natural gender: as such the word ''p′ūki'' "man" is feminine, while ''niny'' "woman" is masculine (as is ''đalūn'' "stone", which is the root ''đalūnaŧe'' "neuter" is built on).
====Plural nominative====
====Plural nominative====
The plural nominative is, for many nouns, a principal part, because various, as of today still unclear, sound changes in the past have led many native root nouns to have extremely irregular forms.
The plural nominative is, for many nouns, a principal part, because various, as of today still unclear, sound changes in the past have led many native root nouns to have extremely irregular forms.
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: ''łäna'' (stream) → ''łäny'' (streams)
: ''łäna'' (stream) → ''łäny'' (streams)
: ''nânyarugencina'' (Argentinian) → ''nânyarugenciny'' (Argentinians)
: ''nânyarugencina'' (Argentinian) → ''nânyarugenciny'' (Argentinians)
A few ''-a'' nouns have their plural in ''-â'' (with a stress shift):
: ''nomisa'' /ˈnomiθa/ (leg) → ''nomisâ'' /nomiˈθa/ (legs)


Some -CCV nouns undergo cluster breaking, often with not quite predictable results:
Some -CCV nouns undergo cluster breaking, often with not quite predictable results:
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Others are synchronically irregular:
Others are synchronically irregular:
: ''nyuta'' (day) → ''nyich'' (days)
: ''nyuta'' (day) → ''nyich'' (days)
: ''niny'' (woman) → ''nayim'' (women)
: ''kilka'' (foot) → ''kiwchiny'' (foot)
: ''kilka'' (foot) → ''kiwchiny'' (foot)
: ''p′ūki'' (man) → ''p′ūx'' (men)
Some nouns (mostly neuter, but a few masculine ones as well) pluralize with ''-ūz'', with or without any other change:
: ''đalūn'' (pebble) → ''đownūz'' (pebbles)
: ''chiâ'' (category, group, class) → ''chigūz'' (categories, groups, classes)


Some adjectival roots pluralize as adjectives do:
Some adjectival roots pluralize as adjectives do:
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