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West Carpathian: Difference between revisions
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The [[w:Morphosyntactic alignment|morphosyntactic alignment]] is nominative–accusative, like in surrounding languages, however historically the language morphology treated an agent of a transitive verb differently from a subject of an intransitive one. Nowadays this is considered an archaic feature and can rarely be used in folklore, while transitivity is usually marked on verbs instead of nouns. | The [[w:Morphosyntactic alignment|morphosyntactic alignment]] is nominative–accusative, like in surrounding languages, however historically the language morphology treated an agent of a transitive verb differently from a subject of an intransitive one. Nowadays this is considered an archaic feature and can rarely be used in folklore, while transitivity is usually marked on verbs instead of nouns. | ||
===Nouns=== | ===Nouns=== | ||
''Main article:'' [[West Carpathian grammar]] | ''Main article:'' [[West Carpathian grammar#Nouns|West Carpathian nouns]] | ||
Nouns may be declined by '''case''' and '''number'''. Standard West Carpathian has eleven cases and two numbers (singular and plural). There is no gender category in any of the Carpathian languages. The case marker must be added not only to the main noun, but also to its modifiers; e.g. ''tarha kodu'' "big house" - ''tarhautu kodoutu'' "in a big house", literally "big-in house-in". '''Possession''' can only be marked via a possessive suffix; there are no separate possessive pronouns like English "my" or "yours". Pronouns gain suffixes just as nouns do. | Nouns may be declined by '''case''' and '''number'''. Standard West Carpathian has eleven cases and two numbers (singular and plural). There is no gender category in any of the Carpathian languages. The case marker must be added not only to the main noun, but also to its modifiers; e.g. ''tarha kodu'' "big house" - ''tarhautu kodoutu'' "in a big house", literally "big-in house-in". '''Possession''' can only be marked via a possessive suffix; there are no separate possessive pronouns like English "my" or "yours". Pronouns gain suffixes just as nouns do. | ||