South Carpathian grammar: Difference between revisions

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==Verbs==
There are eight main conjugation types in South Carpathian. Some verbs can show some irregularities in their conjugation, though most of those are predictable. As an example a I type verb maed "to speak" and its negative counterpart emaed "not to speak" are given in the table below.
{| class="wikitable" border="1" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="12"
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! colspan="2" rowspan="2" |
! colspan="8" | Tense
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! colspan="2" | Present
! colspan="2" | Past
! colspan="2" | Perfect
! colspan="2" | *Pluperfect<ref group=note>This tense is not used anymore. However, it can be found in an old literature.</ref>
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! Mood !! Person !! Positive !! [[w:Negative verb|Negative]] !! Positive !! Negative !! Positive !! Negative !! Positive !! Negative
|-
!rowspan=7 | Indicative
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! 1<sup>st</sup> sg
| maes || mas || maus || magus || maelĭd || emailĭd || ĭgĭs maen || oais maen
|-
! 2<sup>nd</sup> sg
| maeš || maš || mauš || maguš || maešĭg || emaišĭg ||ĭgĭš maen || oaiš maen
|-
! 3<sup>rd</sup> sg
| maju || mai || majub || maub || majui || emai || ĭagĭ maen || oai maen
|-
! 1<sup>st</sup> pl
| malk || emalk || maulok || magulok || malok || emalok || ĭskĭ maen || oaskĭ maen
|-
! 2<sup>nd</sup> pl
| mašk || emašk || maušĭk || magušĭk || mašĭk || emašĭk || ĭškĭ maen || oaškĭ maen
|-
! 3<sup>rd</sup> pl
| mauk || maguk || maibĭ || magib || mampĭu || emampĭu || ĭkĭ maen || oakĭ maen
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!rowspan=7 | Conditional
|-
! 1<sup>st</sup> sg
| mačĭs || emačĭs || colspan=2 rowspan=6 | || mačailĭd || emačailĭd || colspan=2 rowspan=6 |
|-
! 2<sup>nd</sup> sg
| mačĭš || emačĭš || mačaišĭg || emačaišĭg
|-
! 3<sup>rd</sup> sg
| mačĭu || emačĭu || mačajui || emačai
|-
! 1<sup>st</sup> pl
| mažălk || emačălk || mačălok || emačălok
|-
! 2<sup>nd</sup> pl
| mažăšk || emačăšk || mačăšĭk || emačăšĭk
|-
! 3<sup>rd</sup> pl
| mažĭuk || emačĭuk || mažămpĭu || emažămpĭu 
|-
!rowspan=7 | Imperative
|-
! 1<sup>st</sup> sg
| makon || emakon || colspan=2 rowspan=6 | || ĭgon maen || oagon maen || colspan=2 rowspan=6 |
|-
! 2<sup>nd</sup> sg
| makĭg || emakĭg || ĭgĭg maen || oagĭg maen
|-
! 3<sup>rd</sup> sg
| makai || emakai || ĭgai maen || oagai maen
|-
! 1<sup>st</sup> pl
| makosăk || emakosăk || ĭgosăk maen || oagosăk maen
|-
! 2<sup>nd</sup> pl
| makĭvăk || emakĭvăk || ĭgĭvăk maen || oagĭvăk maen
|-
! 3<sup>rd</sup> pl
| maenkai || emankai || ĭgănkai maen || oagănkai maen
|-
|}
{{reflist|group=note}}
South Carpathian has three types of infinitives, denoted with Roman numerals. The infinitive I or the i-infinitive is a dictionary form of verbs. Endings of this infinitive are ''-ĕd'', ''-ăd'' and ''-ĭt''. This infinitive corresponds to English infinitive (like "to do"). The infinitive II expresses process of action, its endings are ''-me'' and ''-mo''. The infinitive III expresses a completed action or manner of action and behaves like a verbal noun. The usual ending of the third infinitive is ''-n'', in older texts ''-män/-man'' was also present.
{| class="wikitable"
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! Infinitive !! English translation !! Infinitive !! English translation !! Infinitive !! English translation
|-
| ''maed'' || to speak || ''tobăd'' || to walk || ''mergĕd'' || "to move"
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| ''maemo'' || (while) speaking || ''toumo'' || (while) walking || ''merĕme'' || (while) moving
|-
| ''maen'' || speaking (action) || ''tobăn'' || walking (action) || ''mergĕn'' || moving (action)
|}
[[Category:Carpathian languages]]
[[Category:Carpathian languages]]
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