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=== Commentary on Some Random Stuff ===
=== Commentary on Some Random Stuff ===


* '''Minhast Morphosyntax Notes - Noun Incorporation''': This is an example of Minthun's Classificatory NI (Class IV) being exploited by Minhast.  Here, it is essentially creating the equivalent of a locative noun in other languages, e.g. English "Within the ''interior of'' the beast...", which is essentially an Inessive-like case construction.  Here, ''nua'' means "side", and has been incorporated into the verb complex.  The implicit head is ''suharak'' (deerskin), which was mentioned in a previous line in the passage, which is what the Locative applicative ''naħk-'' is referring to.  This construction is equivalent to saying "Next to it", "By its side", etc.  
===== Minhast Morphosyntax Notes =====
 
====== Noun Incorporation ======
This is an example of Minthun's Classificatory NI (Class IV) being exploited by Minhast.  Here, it is essentially creating the equivalent of a locative noun in other languages, e.g. English "Within the ''interior of'' the beast...", which is essentially an Inessive-like case construction.  Here, ''nua'' means "side", and has been incorporated into the verb complex.  The implicit head is ''suharak'' (deerskin), which was mentioned in a previous line in the passage, which is what the Locative applicative ''naħk-'' is referring to.  This construction is equivalent to saying "Next to it", "By its side", etc.  


{{Gloss
{{Gloss
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}}
}}


=== Verb Template for Vadi ===
===== Vadi =====
 
====== Verb Template for Vadi ======


{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
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|}
|}


=== Relays===
* [[Fourth_Linguifex_Relay|Fourth Linguifex Relay]]
* [[Fifth_Linguifex_Relay|Fifth Linguifex Relay]]  (didn't attend - out of country?)
* [[Sixth_Linguifex_Relay|Sixth Linguifex Relay]]
* [[Sixth Linguifex Relay/Nankôre|Nankôre Relay #6]]
<!--
//*******************************;<br/>
//******** Received Text *****;<br/>
//*******************************;<br/>
1) glad COP 1s, that 1s-NOM speak-can-V<br/>
2) (personal name) world.OBJ come-have-V, with gratitude-V/PL* world.OBJ scratch-have-V also<br/>
3) mis-believe-V 1s-NOM, that see-worthy COP 3s, but arm-NOM NEG glad-CAUS-V PROX.DEM-near<br/>
4) 3s-NOM PROX.DEM place live-have-V, also time.OBJ 3s-NOM speak-V, rain-NOM come-V<br/>
5) after-time, 3s-NOM grow-have-V<br/>
//*******************************;<br/>
//***** Full Nankôre Text *****;<br/>
//*******************************;<br/>
Yorai, rasneskoro, kantómasyak yistá', sikoryak itá';<br/>
Paishi Tipāré hakor nitá',<br/>
Šaroc, kantókor itán siyam rohpakor tānitá',<br/>
Pakornene, yuki kantó kaniskoro royuki itá',<br/>
Kaniskoro cercokor ita', ocerokor yorai ita', šoysak ita';<br/>
Nan yistá'.<br/>
//***************************************;<br/>
//**** Nankôre Literal Translation***;<br/>
//***************************************;<br/>
//Line #1;<br/>
"I am glad that I can say that";<br/>
once.upon.a.time this.thing happy-I.assure.you I-become;;<br/>
"Yorai rasneskoro kantómasyak tayistá';;<br/>
yorai rasne=skoro kantó-mas=yak ta-yistá-';<br/>
DIST.PST thing=DEM.PROX happy-ASSERT=1S INCH-COP-LS;<br/>;<br/>
{{Gloss
|phrase = Yorai, rasneskoro, kantómasyak yistá', sikoryak itá';
| IPA = jo'ɾaɪ ɾaʃ'neʃkoɾo kan'tomaʃak jiʃ'taʔ ʃɪ'koɾjak ɪ'taʔ;
| morphemes = yorai rasne=skoro kantó-mas=yak yistá-'  si=kôre=ak itá-'
| gloss = DIST.PST thing=DEM.PROX happy-ASSERT=1S INCH-DIR.PRS.COP-LS CONN=speak-1S DIR.PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
//Line #2a;<br/>
"[PN] came to the world,";<br/>
Paishi Tipārē was come, it is said,;<br/>
"Paishi Tipārē hakor nitá';<br/>
Paishi Tipārē ha-kor n-itá-';<br/>
[PN] come-EVID.HEAR DIR.PST-COP-LS;<br/>;<br/>
{{Gloss
|phrase = Paishi Tipāré hakór nitá';
| IPA = paɪʃi tɪpa:'ɾɛ ha'koɾ nɪ'taʔ
| morphemes = Paishi Tipāré ha-kór n-itá-'
| gloss = [PN] come-EVID.HEAR DIR.PST-COP-LS
| translation =
}}
//Line #2b;<br/>
"[with they-are-happy] he scratched (influenced?) the world, also,";<br/>
World.HA [They happy are that.which]=shi he.accompanied form-[hearsay] he.make.them,;<br/>
Šaroc, kantókor itán siyam, rohpakór tānitá';<br/>
šaroc, kantó-kor itá-n si=yam, rohpa-kór tā-n-itá-';<br/>
earth.HA happy-EVID.HEAR COP-LP CONN=accompany form-EVID.HEAR INV.P-HP-COP-LS;<br/>;<br/>
{{Gloss
|phrase = Šaroc,  šokankór intán siyam rohpakór tānitá';
| IPA = 'ʃaɾotʃ ʃokan'koɾ ɪn'tan ʃijam ɾoɦpa'koɾ ta:nɪ'taʔ
| morphemes = šaroc, šokam-kór intá-' si=yam rohpa-kór tā-n-itá-'
| gloss = earth.HA thank-EVID.HEAR DIR.HP.PRS.COP-LS CONN=accompany form-EVID.HEAR INV.P-HP-PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
//Line #3;<br/>
"I don't believe, that it is worthy to see, but an/the arm doesn't make (me?) happy here";<br/>
you need.to.see I doubt, using.the.arm.removes happiness,;<br/>
Pakornene, yuki kantó kaniskoro royuki itá';<br/>
pakor-anene, yuki.HA kantó.LA kani=skoro ro-yuki itá-';<br/>
need-EVID.DUB, arm.HA happy.LA location=DEM.PROX remove-arm DIR.PRS.COP-LS;<br/>;<br/>
{{Gloss
|phrase = Pakornene, kaniskoro yuki kantó kaniskoro royuki itá';
| IPA = pakoɾ'nene ka'nɪʃkoɾo juki kan'to ka'nɪʃkoɾo ɾo'juki ɪ'taʔ
| morphemes = pakor-anene, yuki kantó kani=skoro ro-yuki itá-'
| gloss = need-EVID.DUB, arm.HA happy.LA location=DEM.PROX remove-arm DIR.PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
//Line #4;<br/>
"He has lived in this place, and spoke of the time, (when) the rain came";<br/>
This place dwell he, he spoke of-the-once-upon-a-time, shi=it-rained;<br/>
"Kaniskoro cercokor ita', ocerokór yorai ita', šoysak ita'";<br/>
kani=skoro cerco-kór ita' ocero-kór yorai ita-' si=oysak ita-';<br/>
location=DEM.PROX dwell-EVID.HEAR narrate-EVID.HEAR DIST.PST COP-LS CONN=rain COP-LS;<br/>;<br/>
{{Gloss
|phrase = Kaniskoro cercokór ita', ocerokór yorai ita', šoysak ita';
| IPA = ka'nɪʃkoɾo tʃeɾ'koɾ ɪ'taʔ otʃeɾo'koɾ joɾaɪ  ɪ'taʔ ʃoɪsak  ɪ'taʔ
| morphemes = kani=skoro cerco-kór ita' ocero-kór yorai ita-' si=oysak ita-
| gloss = location=DEM.PROX dwell-EVID.HEAR narrate-EVID.HEAR DIST.PST DIR.PRS..COP-LS CONN=rain.fall.down DIR.PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
//Line #5;<br/>
"After time ("awhile" ?), he had grown";<br/>
Man become.;<br/>
Nan yistá'.;<br/>
nan yis-itá-';<br/>
man INCH-COP-LS;<br/>;<br/>
{{Gloss
|phrase = Nan yistá'.
| IPA = nan jɪʃ'taʔ
| morphemes = Nan yis-itá-'.
| gloss = man INCH-DIR.PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
Abbreviations: <br/><br/>
1S = First Person Singular<br/>
ASSERT = Assertive<br/>
CONN = Connective<br/>
COP = Copula<br/>
DEM.PROX = Proximal demonstrative<br/>
DIR = Direct Voice<br/>
DIST.PST = Distal Past<br/>
EVID.DUB = Dubitative evidential<br/>
EVID.HEAR = Hearsay evidential<br/>
HA = High Animate core argument<br/>
HP = High Animate Plural core argument<br/>
INCH = Inchoative<br/>
INV = Inverse Voice<br/>
LA = Low Animate core argument<br/>
LP = Low Animate Plural core argument<br/>
LS = Low Animate Singular core argument<br/>
P = Plural<br/>
PRS = Present tense<br/>
PST = Past tense<br/>
S = Singular<br/><br/>
# In intransitive clauses, the copula takes the Direct forms only.
# In transitive clauses, high animate core arguments are considered Agents by default.  Low animate core arguments acting as Agents license the Inverse marker ''ta-''; the Inverse marker cliticizes to the initial verb of the verb complex, and is prefixed to the copula; the low animate argument is thus doubly marked by the Inverse marker.
# The pronominal animacy hierarchy is: 1st >> 2nd >> 3rd.  However, note that plural 3rd person arguments outrank all singular arguments.
# The present tense, when used as a narrative tense, often refers to past events.  Adverbial markers referring to the distal past, such as ''yorai'', may thus appear with a present tense copula.
# Rather than using cases or adpositions to indicate thematic relations, Nankôre employs coverbs in verb serialization.  See [[Nankôre#Directional-Positional_Coverbs]] for additional information.
More information about the grammar can be found in the [[Nankôre]] wiki.  Readers are directed to the sections dealing with the animacy hierarchy and familiarize themselves with the direct-inverse marking system of the copula, as well as the [[Nankôre#The_Verb_Complex|verb complex]].
-->
<!--
=== Final Product ===
//*******************************;<br/>
//***** Full Nankôre Text *****;<br/>
//*******************************;<br/>
Yorai, rasneskoro, kantómasyak yistá', sikoryak itá';<br/>
Paishi Tipāré hakor nitá',<br/>
Šaroc, kantókor itán siyam rohpakor tānitá',<br/>
Pakornene, yuki kantó kaniskoro royuki itá',<br/>
Kaniskoro cercokor ita', ocerokor yorai ita', šoysak ita';<br/>
Nan yistá'.<br/>
{{Gloss
|phrase = Yorai, rasneskoro, kantómasyak yistá', sikoryak itá';
| IPA = jo'ɾaɪ ɾaʃ'neʃkoɾo kan'tomaʃak jiʃ'taʔ ʃɪ'koɾjak ɪ'taʔ;
| morphemes = yorai rasne=skoro kantó-mas=yak yistá-'  si=kôre=ak itá-'
| gloss = DIST.PST thing=DEM.PROX happy-ASSERT=1S INCH-DIR.PRS.COP-LS CONN=speak-1S DIR.PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
{{Gloss
|phrase = Paishi Tipāré hakór nitá';
| IPA = paɪʃi tɪpa:'ɾɛ ha'koɾ nɪ'taʔ
| morphemes = Paishi Tipāré ha-kór n-itá-'
| gloss = [PN] come-EVID.HEAR DIR.PST-COP-LS
| translation =
}}
{{Gloss
|phrase = Šaroc,  šokankór intán siyam rohpakór tānitá';
| IPA = 'ʃaɾotʃ ʃokan'koɾ ɪn'tan ʃijam ɾoɦpa'koɾ ta:nɪ'taʔ
| morphemes = šaroc, šokam-kór intá-' si=yam rohpa-kór tā-n-itá-'
| gloss = earth.HA thank-EVID.HEAR DIR.HP.PRS.COP-LS CONN=accompany form-EVID.HEAR INV.P-HP-PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
{{Gloss
|phrase = Pakornene, kaniskoro yuki kantó kaniskoro royuki itá';
| IPA = pakoɾ'nene ka'nɪʃkoɾo juki kan'to ka'nɪʃkoɾo ɾo'juki ɪ'taʔ
| morphemes = pakor-anene, yuki kantó kani=skoro ro-yuki itá-'
| gloss = need-EVID.DUB, arm.HA happy.LA location=DEM.PROX remove-arm DIR.PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
{{Gloss
|phrase = Kaniskoro cercokór ita', ocerokór yorai ita', šoysak ita';
| IPA = ka'nɪʃkoɾo tʃeɾ'koɾ ɪ'taʔ otʃeɾo'koɾ joɾaɪ  ɪ'taʔ ʃoɪsak  ɪ'taʔ
| morphemes = kani=skoro cerco-kór ita' ocero-kór yorai ita-' si=oysak ita-
| gloss = location=DEM.PROX dwell-EVID.HEAR narrate-EVID.HEAR DIST.PST DIR.PRS..COP-LS CONN=rain.fall.down DIR.PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
{{Gloss
|phrase = Nan yistá'.
| IPA = nan jɪʃ'taʔ
| morphemes = Nan yis-itá-'.
| gloss = man INCH-DIR.PRS.COP-LS
| translation =
}}
====Additional Notes====
# In intransitive clauses, the copula takes the Direct forms only.
# In transitive clauses, high animate core arguments are considered Agents by default.  Low animate core arguments acting as Agents license the Inverse marker ''ta-''; the Inverse marker cliticizes to the initial verb of the verb complex, and is prefixed to the copula; the low animate argument is thus doubly marked by the Inverse marker.
# The pronominal animacy hierarchy is: 1st >> 2nd >> 3rd.  However, note that plural 3rd person arguments outrank all singular arguments.
# The present tense, when used as a narrative tense, often refers to past events.  Adverbial markers referring to the distal past, such as ''yorai'', may thus appear with a present tense copula.
# Rather than using cases or adpositions to indicate thematic relations, Nankôre employs [[Nankôre#Directional-Positional_Coverbs|coverbs ]] in verb serialization constructions.
More information about the grammar can be found in the [[Nankôre]] wiki.  Readers are directed to the sections dealing with the [[Nankôre#The_Nominal_Hierarchy|animacy hierarchy]] and familiarize themselves with the direct-inverse marking system of the copula, as well as the [[Nankôre#The_Verb_Complex|verb complex]].
Abbreviations: <br/><br/>
1S = First Person Singular<br/>
ASSERT = Assertive<br/>
CONN = Connective<br/>
COP = Copula<br/>
DEM.PROX = Proximal demonstrative<br/>
DIR = Direct Voice<br/>
DIST.PST = Distal Past<br/>
EVID.DUB = Dubitative evidential<br/>
EVID.HEAR = Hearsay evidential<br/>
HA = High Animate core argument<br/>
HP = High Animate Plural core argument<br/>
INCH = Inchoative<br/>
INV = Inverse Voice<br/>
LA = Low Animate core argument<br/>
LP = Low Animate Plural core argument<br/>
LS = Low Animate Singular core argument<br/>
P = Plural<br/>
PN = Proper Noun<br/>
PRS = Present tense<br/>
PST = Past tense<br/>
S = Singular<br/><br/>
-->


=== HELP!!! ===  
=== HELP!!! ===  
Anyar
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