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Celabrian: Difference between revisions
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→Late PC to Old Celabrian
| Line 299: | Line 299: | ||
j > ǵ / #_ | j > ǵ / #_ | ||
bʰ; dʰ; ʒʰ; ǯʰ > b; d; ʒ; ǯ | bʰ; dʰ; ʒʰ; ǯʰ > b; d; ʒ; ǯ | ||
gʰ > g / adjacent to | gʰ > g / adjacent to nasal | ||
gʰ > ɣ / otherwise | gʰ > ɣ / otherwise | ||
e > ja / before a, in non-final closed syllables | e > ja / before a, in non-final closed syllables | ||
| Line 311: | Line 311: | ||
e > je / #_ | e > je / #_ | ||
ē > jē / #_ | ē > jē / #_ | ||
=====Old Celabrian phonology===== | |||
{| | |||
| | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Old Celabrian consonants | |||
! colspan="2" | | |||
! Labial | |||
! Dental | |||
! Alveolar | |||
! Postalveolar/<br />Palatal | |||
! Velar | |||
! Glottal | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Nasal | |||
| ''m'' [m] | |||
| | |||
| ''n'' [n] | |||
|''ň'' [ɲ] | |||
|(''n'' [ŋ])<small><sup>1</sup></small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="3" | Plosive | |||
! aspirated | |||
| ''pʰ'' [pʰ] | |||
| | |||
| ''tʰ'' [tʰ] | |||
| | |||
| ''kʰ'' [kʰ] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! tenuis | |||
| ''p'' [p] | |||
| | |||
| ''t'' [tʼ] | |||
| | |||
| ''k'' [k] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! voiced | |||
| ''b'' [b] | |||
| | |||
| ''d'' [d] | |||
| ''ǵ'' [ɟ] | |||
| (''g'' [ɡ])<small><sup>2</sup></small>,<br /> ''gʷ'' [ɡʷ]<small><sup>3</sup></small> | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="3" | Affricate | |||
! aspirated | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ''cʰ'' [t͡sʰ] | |||
| ''čʰ'' [t͡ʃʰ] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! tenuis | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ''c'' [t͡s] | |||
| ''č'' [t͡ʃ] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! voiced | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ''ʒ'' [d͡z] | |||
| ''ǯ'' [d͡ʒ] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | Fricative | |||
! voiceless | |||
| ''f'' [f] | |||
| ''θ'' [θ] | |||
| ''s'' [s] | |||
| ''š'' [ʃ] | |||
| ''x'' [x] | |||
| ''h'' [h] | |||
|- | |||
! voiced | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ''ž'' [ʒ] | |||
| ''ɣ'' [ɣ] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Approximant | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ''l'' [l] | |||
| ''j'' [j], ''ľ'' [ʎ] | |||
| ''v'' [w] | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
! colspan="2" | Trill/Flap | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ''r'' [r] | |||
| ''ř'' [rʲ] | |||
| | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
| | |||
{| class="wikitable" style="text-align: center;" | |||
|+ Old Celabrian vowels | |||
|- | |||
! | |||
! colspan="2" | Front | |||
! Central | |||
! Back | |||
|- | |||
! Close | |||
| ''i, ī'' [i, iː] | |||
| ''ȳ'' [yː] | |||
| | |||
| ''u, ū'' [u, uː] | |||
|- | |||
! Mid | |||
| ''e, ē'' [e, eː] | |||
| ''ø̄'' [øː] | |||
| | |||
| ''o, ō'' [o, oː] | |||
|- | |||
! Open | |||
| | |||
| | |||
| ''a, ā'' [a, aː] | |||
| | |||
|} | |||
|} | |||
'''Notes:''' | |||
<small><sup>1</sup></small> Allophone of ''n'' before nasals. | |||
<small><sup>2</sup></small> Allophone of ''ɣ'' adjacent to nasals. | |||
<small><sup>3</sup></small> All consonants can be labialized, but only ''gʷ'' is treated as an independent phoneme. | |||
====Old Celabrian to Classical Celabrian==== | ====Old Celabrian to Classical Celabrian==== | ||