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Dhannuá: Difference between revisions
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<!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | <!-- Example: Word order, qualifiers, determinatives, branching, etc. --> | ||
Aurónian Dhannuá syntax is markedly different from Indo-European syntax, especially in its typologically rare [[w:Verb-object-subject|VOS]] word order | Aurónian Dhannuá syntax is markedly different from Indo-European syntax, especially in its typologically rare [[w:Verb-object-subject|VOS]] word order | ||
==== | ====Default word order==== | ||
# Negation<sup>1</sup> | # Negation<sup>1</sup> | ||
# Verb | # Verb | ||
# Various | # Various postverbal particles<sup>2</sup> | ||
# Auxiliary verb part<sup>3</sup> | # Auxiliary verb part<sup>3</sup> | ||
# Manner descriptor | # Manner descriptor | ||
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# Location Descriptor | # Location Descriptor | ||
# Time Descriptor | # Time Descriptor | ||
=====Notes===== | |||
* <small>1. Usually, if the verb begins with a vowel, the negation ''ne'' is procliticised onto the verb, e.g. '''''an'''úidannad an tódh?'' 'Don't they know that?' and loses stress.</small> | * <small>1. Usually, if the verb begins with a vowel, the negation ''ne'' is procliticised onto the verb, e.g. '''''an'''úidannad an tódh?'' 'Don't they know that?' and loses stress.</small> | ||
* <small>2. e.g ''ca'' 'and, also', ''an'' 'question particle'. </small> | * <small>2. e.g ''ca'' 'and, also', ''an'' 'question particle'. </small> | ||
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In actual speech, word order may vary slightly, a bit freer than say English, as words are inflected for case and verbs may be marked for person thus permitting such variations such as verb-subject-object. | In actual speech, word order may vary slightly, a bit freer than say English, as words are inflected for case and verbs may be marked for person thus permitting such variations such as verb-subject-object. | ||
====Questions==== | |||
Questions follow a slightly different word order from the default, depending on several factors (such as polarity, tense, particle) which makes them one of the more complex parts of the grammar. | |||
In simple direct questions replace the direct object with the relevant wh-word. | |||
: ''Ísdh úid?'' "What is that?" | |||
: ''Náscas úid?'' "What do you doubt?" | |||
For emphasis, it is possible to front the wh-word. | |||
: ''Úid ísdh tódh?'' "''What'' is that?" | |||
: ''Úíd náscas?'' "''What'' do you doubt?" | |||
In yes/no questions, the usual word order applies in the present tense. | |||
: ''Ísdh an sád penna?'' "Is that her pen?" | |||
:: ''Ísdh.'' "It is." | |||
:: ''Anísdh.'' "It's not." | |||
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