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edits
m (→Location) |
m (→Contractions) |
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====Contractions==== | ====Contractions==== | ||
The demonstrative verbals '''''tie''''', '''''tia''''' and '''''tio''''' form contractions with | The demonstrative verbals '''''tie''''', '''''tia''''' and '''''tio''''' form contractions with third person definite inaccessible and inanimate nominals and these contractions are very commonly used, transforming the above examples to '''''xu{{color|MediumBlue|ua}} mala''''' and '''''xu{{color|MediumBlue|ue}} mala''''' respectively. Here is a table of forms. | ||
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::{| cellpadding="2" | ::{| cellpadding="2" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| || ICS Sg. || ICS. Pl. || ACS Sg. || ACS | | || ICS Sg. || ICS. Pl. || ACS Sg. || ACS Pl. || Inan. Sg. || Inan. Pl. | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Nominative || '''ju{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' | | Nominative Proximate || '''ju{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''iju{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''ja{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ija{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''xu{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''ixu{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Nominative Medial || '''ju{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''iju{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''ja{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ija{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''xu{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''ixu{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Nominative Distal || '''ju{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''iju{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''ja{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ija{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''xu{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''ixu{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
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|- | |- | ||
| | | Accusative Proximate || '''ji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''iji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''je{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ije{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}'''|| '''xi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ixi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Accusative Medial || '''ji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''iji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''je{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ije{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''xi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ixi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Accusative Distal || '''ji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''iji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''je{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ije{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''xi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ixi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Dative Proximate || '''eji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ieji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''eje{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ieje{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''exi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''iexi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Dative Medial || '''eji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ieji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''eje{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ieje{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''exi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''iexi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Dative Distal || '''eji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ieji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''eje{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ieje{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''exi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''iexi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | | ||
|- | |- | ||
| | | Ablative Proximate || '''jui{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ijui{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''jai{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ijai{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''xui{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ixui{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | ||
|- | |- | ||
| Essive || '''oju''' || '''oiju''' || '''oja''' || '''oija''' || '''oxu''' || '''oixu''' | | Ablative Medial || '''jui{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ijui{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''jai{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ijai{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''xui{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ixui{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | ||
|- | |||
| Ablative Distal || '''jui{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ijui{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''jai{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ijai{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''xui{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ixui{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Locative Proximate || '''jua{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ijua{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''aja{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''iaja{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''xua{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''ixua{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Locative Medial || '''jua{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ijua{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''aja{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''iaja{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''xua{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''ixua{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Locative Distal || '''jua{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ijua{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''aja{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''iaja{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''xua{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''ixua{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Genitive Proximate || '''uji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''iuji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''uje{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''iuje{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''uxi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''iuxi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Genitive Medial || '''uji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''iuji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''uje{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''iuje{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''uxi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''iuxi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Genitive Distal || '''uji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''iuji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''uje{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''iuje{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''uxi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''iuxi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Possessive Proximate || '''uju{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''iuju{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''uja{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''iuja{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''*uxu{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''*iuxu{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Possessive Medial || '''uju{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''iuju{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''uja{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''iuja{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''*uxu{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''*iuxu{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Possessive Distal || '''uju{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''iuju{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''uja{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''iuja{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''*uxu{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''*iuxu{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Vocative Proximate || '''eju{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''eiju{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''eja{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''eija{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''exu{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''eixu{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Vocative Medial || '''eju{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''eiju{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''eja{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''eija{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''exu{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''eixu{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Vocative Distal || '''eju{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''eiju{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''eja{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''eija{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''exu{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''eixu{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' | |||
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|- | |||
| Causal Proximate || '''teji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''teiji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''teje{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''teije{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''texi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''teixi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Causal Medial || '''teji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''teiji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''teje{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''teije{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''texi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''teixi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Causal Distal || '''teji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''teiji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''teje{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''teije{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''texi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''teixi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Benefactive Proximate || '''kuaji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''kuaiji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''kuaje{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''kuaije{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''kuaxi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''kuaixi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Benefactive Medial || '''kuaji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''kuaiji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''kuaje{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''kuaije{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''kuaxi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''kuaixi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Benefactive Distal || '''kuaji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''kuaiji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''kuaje{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''kuaije{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''kuaxi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''kuaixi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | |||
|- | |||
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|- | |||
| Instrumental Proximate || '''aji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''aiji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''aje{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''aije{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''axi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''aixi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Instrumental Medial || '''aji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''aiji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''aje{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''aije{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''axi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''aixi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Instrumental Distal || '''aji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''aiji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''aje{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''aije{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''axi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''aixi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | |||
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|- | |||
| Comitative Proximate || '''leji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''leiji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''leje{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''leije{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''lexi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''leixi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Comitative Medial || '''leji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''leiji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''leje{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''leije{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''lexi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''leixi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Comitative Distal || '''leji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''leiji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''leje{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''leije{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''lexi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''leixi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| | |||
|- | |||
| Topical Prodimate || '''veji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''veiji{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''veje{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''veije{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''vexi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''veixi{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Topical Medial || '''veji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''veiji{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''veje{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''veije{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''vexi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''veixi{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Topical Distal || '''veji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''veiji{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''veje{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''veije{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''vexi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''veixi{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' | |||
|- | |||
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|- | |||
| Essive Proximate || '''oju{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''oiju{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''oja{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''oija{{color|MediumBlue|ie}}''' || '''oxu{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' || '''oixu{{color|MediumBlue|ue}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Essive Medial || '''oju{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''oiju{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''oja{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''oija{{color|MediumBlue|ia}}''' || '''oxu{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' || '''oixu{{color|MediumBlue|ua}}''' | |||
|- | |||
| Essive Distal || '''oju{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''oiju{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''oja{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''oija{{color|MediumBlue|io}}''' || '''oxu{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' || '''oixu{{color|MediumBlue|uo}}''' | |||
|} | |} | ||
: *rare, theoretical | : *rare, theoretical | ||
===Location=== | ===Location=== |
edits