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Celabrian: Difference between revisions
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→Verbs
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(→Verbs) |
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====TAM==== | ====TAM==== | ||
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Verbs have the structure: '''Preverbal particle-Indirect object prefix-Agent prefix-TAM prefix-Derivation prefix-Stem-Derivation suffix-TAM suffix-Personal suffix''' | |||
Not all components have to present in a given verb form. | |||
====Preverbal particles==== | |||
====Personal affixes==== | |||
There are three kinds of personal affixes, each with its designated position in the verb form. They are (in order of appearance): | |||
#'''Indirect object prefixes''': represent verbal arguments in the dative, ablative, locative, and/or instrumental cases. | |||
#'''Agent prefixes''': represent verbal argument in the ergative case. | |||
#'''Personal suffixes''': represent verbal argument in the absolutive case. There are two types of personal suffixes, depending on the tense and mood: | |||
##'''Primary personal suffixes:''' equivalent to corresponding possessive suffixes. | |||
##'''Secondary personal suffixes:''' equivalent to corresponding copulative suffixes. | |||
{|class="wikitable" style="vertical-align:top; text-align:center" | |||
|- | |||
! rowspan="2" | Person and Number !! colspan="2" | Prefix !! colspan="2" | Suffix | |||
|- | |||
! Indirect object !! Agent !! Primary !! Secondary | |||
|- | |||
! 1S | |||
| <u>a</u>m<u>ə</u>- || m<u>ə</u>- || -<u>a</u>m || -<u>a</u>m | |||
|- | |||
! 2SI | |||
| <u>a</u>t<u>ə</u>- || t<u>ə</u>- || -<u>ə</u>t || -<u>a</u>s | |||
|- | |||
! 2SF | |||
| <u>a</u>g̊<u>a</u>- || g̊<u>a</u>- || -g̊<u>a</u> || -g̊<u>a</u>θ | |||
|- | |||
! 3SA | |||
| <u>a</u>ř<u>ə</u>- || ř<u>ə</u>- || -<u>ə</u>ř || -<u>a</u>θ | |||
|- | |||
! 3SI | |||
| <u>a</u>n<u>ə</u>- || n<u>ə</u>- || -<u>ə</u>n || -<u>a</u>n | |||
|- | |||
! 4S | |||
| <u>a</u>č<u>ə</u>- || č<u>ə</u>- || -<u>ə</u>č || -<u>a</u>č | |||
|- | |||
! 1P | |||
| <u>a</u>n<u>a</u>- || n<u>a</u>- || -n<u>a</u> || -om | |||
|- | |||
! 2P | |||
| <u>a</u>g̊<u>a</u>- || g̊<u>a</u>- || -g̊<u>a</u> || -g̊<u>a</u>θ | |||
|- | |||
! 3PA | |||
| <u>a</u>t<u>a</u>- || t<u>a</u>- || -<u>ə</u>š || -<u>a</u>t | |||
|- | |||
! 3PI | |||
| <u>a</u>n<u>ə</u>- || n<u>ə</u>- || -<u>ə</u>n || -<u>a</u>n | |||
|- | |||
! 4P | |||
| <u>a</u>č<u>ə</u>- || č<u>ə</u>- || -<u>ə</u>č || -<u>a</u>č | |||
|- | |||
|} | |||
==Syntax== | ==Syntax== | ||