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Brooding: Difference between revisions
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: ma|ma]]'''''|| at | | '''''[[Contionary: ma#Brooding|ma]]'''''|| at | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: aw|aw]]''''' || in | | '''''[[Contionary: aw#Brooding|aw]]''''' || in | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: thai|thai]]''''' || on | | '''''[[Contionary: thai#Brooding|thai]]''''' || on | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: awzra|awzra]]'''''|| outside of (exessive) | | '''''[[Contionary: awzra#Brooding|awzra]]'''''|| outside of (exessive) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: awchee|awchee]]'''''|| between (interessive) | | '''''[[Contionary: awchee#Brooding|awchee]]'''''|| between (interessive) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: koma|koma]]'''''|| above (superessive) | | '''''[[Contionary: koma#Brooding|koma]]'''''|| above (superessive) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: yeema|yeema]]'''''|| below (subessive) | | '''''[[Contionary: yeema#Brooding|yeema]]'''''|| below (subessive) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: cheema|cheema]]'''''|| near (proximal) | | '''''[[Contionary: cheema#Brooding|cheema]]'''''|| near (proximal) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: staima|staima]]'''''|| behind | | '''''[[Contionary: staima#Brooding|staima]]'''''|| behind | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: yuhneema|yuhneema]]'''''|| in front of | | '''''[[Contionary: yuhneema#Brooding|yuhneema]]'''''|| in front of | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: khauma|khauma]]'''''|| beyond | | '''''[[Contionary: khauma#Brooding|khauma]]'''''|| beyond | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: tima|tima]]'''''|| touching (pertingent) | | '''''[[Contionary: tima#Brooding|tima]]'''''|| touching (pertingent) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary: dema|dema]]'''''|| beside | | '''''[[Contionary: dema#Brooding|dema]]'''''|| beside | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:aa|aa]]'''''|| to | | '''''[[Contionary: aa#Brooding|aa]]'''''|| to | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:ma|ma]]'''''|| at | | '''''[[Contionary: ma#Brooding|ma]]'''''|| at | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:aw|aw]]''''' || in | | '''''[[Contionary: aw#Brooding|aw]]''''' || in | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:thai|thai]]''''' || on | | '''''[[Contionary: thai#Brooding|thai]]''''' || on | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:awyaa|awyaa]]'''''|| into (illative) | | '''''[[Contionary: awyaa#Brooding|awyaa]]'''''|| into (illative) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:aastai|aastai]]'''''|| toward | | '''''[[Contionary: aastai#Brooding|aastai]]'''''|| toward | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:aayuhnee|aayuhnee]]'''''|| away from (ablative) | | '''''[[Contionary: aayuhnee#Brooding|aayuhnee]]'''''|| away from (ablative) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:aazraw|aazraw]]'''''|| out of (elative) | | '''''[[Contionary: aazraw#Brooding|aazraw]]'''''|| out of (elative) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:aati|aati]]'''''|| by way of (instrumental) | | '''''[[Contionary: aati#Brooding|aati]]'''''|| by way of (instrumental) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:aatima|aatima]]'''''|| along (vialis) | | '''''[[Contionary: aatima#Brooding|aatima]]'''''|| along (vialis) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:aataw|aataw]]'''''|| through (translative) | | '''''[[Contionary: aataw#Brooding|aataw]]'''''|| through (translative) | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:e|e]]'''''|| of, associated with, characterized by | | '''''[[Contionary: e#Brooding|e]]'''''|| of, associated with, characterized by | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:chee|chee]]'''''|| with (committative) | | '''''[[Contionary: chee#Brooding|chee]]'''''|| with (committative) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:se|se]]'''''|| of, from | | '''''[[Contionary: se#Brooding|se]]'''''|| of, from | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:skau|skau]]'''''|| for, for the benefit of (benefactive) | | '''''[[Contionary: skau#Brooding|skau]]'''''|| for, for the benefit of (benefactive) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:pa|pa]]'''''|| for (recipient), indirect object | | '''''[[Contionary: pa#Brooding|pa]]'''''|| for (recipient), indirect object | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:bae|bae]]'''''|| about, regarding | | '''''[[Contionary: bae#Brooding|bae]]'''''|| about, regarding | ||
|} | |} | ||
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{| class="wikitable" | {| class="wikitable" | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:zrachee|zrachee]]'''''|| without, lacking (caritive) | | '''''[[Contionary: zrachee#Brooding|zrachee]]'''''|| without, lacking (caritive) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:tichee|tichee]]''''' || using, by means of (instrumental) | | '''''[[Contionary: tichee#Brooding|tichee]]''''' || using, by means of (instrumental) | ||
|- | |- | ||
| '''''[[Contionary:ese|ese]]''''' || made of, comprised of (exessive) | | '''''[[Contionary: ese#Brooding|ese]]''''' || made of, comprised of (exessive) | ||
|} | |} | ||
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Where an English speaker would use ‘of’ to describe an association or something being characterized by | Where an English speaker would use ‘of’ to describe an association or something being characterized by | ||
something else, a Brooding speaker would use the preposition ''[[Contionary:e|e]]''. This would include phrases like “weapon of | something else, a Brooding speaker would use the preposition '''''[[Contionary: e#Brooding|e]]'''''. This would include phrases like “weapon of | ||
choice,” “friend of mine,” and “man of wealth and taste.” | choice,” “friend of mine,” and “man of wealth and taste.” | ||
When an English speaker would use ‘of’ to indicate something that is comprised of something, like “book of words” | When an English speaker would use ‘of’ to indicate something that is comprised of something, like “book of words” | ||
or “band of thieves,” the Brooding speaker would use ''[[Contionary:ese|ese]]''. | or “band of thieves,” the Brooding speaker would use '''''[[Contionary: ese#Brooding|ese]]'''''. | ||
In indicating origin as in “Robin of Locksley,” a Brooding speaker would use ''[[Contionary:se|se]]''. | In indicating origin as in “Robin of Locksley,” a Brooding speaker would use '''''[[Contionary: se#Brooding|se]]'''''. | ||
Finally, where an English speaker would use ‘of’ to indicate possession (as an equivalent to the possessive ''’s''), | Finally, where an English speaker would use ‘of’ to indicate possession (as an equivalent to the possessive ''’s''), | ||
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inside.” Brooding uses different terms for these two usages. | inside.” Brooding uses different terms for these two usages. | ||
To indicate origin of an action or motion, ''[[Contionary:aazraw|aazraw]]'' is used. | To indicate origin of an action or motion, '''''[[Contionary: aazraw#Brooding|aazraw]]''''' is used. | ||
To indicate origin in general, the preposition ''[[Contionary:se|se]]'' would be used instead. | To indicate origin in general, the preposition '''''[[Contionary: se#Brooding|se]]''''' would be used instead. | ||
For the more archaic use of “from” involving making something out of something else (as in “something from | For the more archaic use of “from” involving making something out of something else (as in “something from | ||
nothing”), using ''[[Contionary:tichee|tichee]]'' (so literally “something using nothing”) is better. | nothing”), using '''''[[Contionary: tichee#Brooding|tichee]]''''' (so literally “something using nothing”) is better. | ||
====Translating ‘to’==== | ====Translating ‘to’==== | ||
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In situations involving motion, and the subject going somewhere, such as “going to the store,” Brooding uses the | In situations involving motion, and the subject going somewhere, such as “going to the store,” Brooding uses the | ||
motion preposition of ''[[Contionary:aa|aa]]''. | motion preposition of '''''[[Contionary: aa#Brooding|aa]]'''''. | ||
However, in those cases in English in which “to” would indicate a recipient of some sort for, Brooding uses ''[[Contionary:pa|pa]]''. | However, in those cases in English in which “to” would indicate a recipient of some sort for, Brooding uses '''''[[Contionary: pa#Brooding|pa]]'''''. | ||
For example “I hit the ball to her,” ''[[Contionary:pa|pa]]'' is used to translate “to.” In English this is often referred to as the indirect | For example “I hit the ball to her,” '''''[[Contionary: pa#Brooding|pa]]''''' is used to translate “to.” In English this is often referred to as the indirect | ||
object. | object. | ||
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In determining which preposition to use in place of “for,” the key difference is whether the meaning noun in the | In determining which preposition to use in place of “for,” the key difference is whether the meaning noun in the | ||
phrase is a benefactor or just a recipient. For example, in “I made a cake for you,” “you” benefits from it, so ''[[Contionary:skau|skau]]'' | phrase is a benefactor or just a recipient. For example, in “I made a cake for you,” “you” benefits from it, so '''''[[Contionary: skau#Brooding|skau]]''''' | ||
would be used. | would be used. | ||
In the case of a phrase like “I have a letter for you,” “you” is the recipient, and ''[[Contionary:pa|pa]]'' would be used. | In the case of a phrase like “I have a letter for you,” “you” is the recipient, and '''''[[Contionary: pa#Brooding|pa]]''''' would be used. | ||
In something like “for example,” you’d use an adverbial phrase (see [[Brooding#Adverbs|Adverbs]]) with ''[[Contionary:otlai|otlai]]'' to something like “in the | In something like “for example,” you’d use an adverbial phrase (see [[Brooding#Adverbs|Adverbs]]) with '''''[[Contionary: otlai#Brooding|otlai]]''''' to something like “in the | ||
manner of an example.” | manner of an example.” | ||
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“By” can be used to describe both location and means in English. | “By” can be used to describe both location and means in English. | ||
In Brooding, location would use ''[[Contionary:cheema|cheema]]'' to mean “near” instead. To describe means, as in “by hook or by crook,” | In Brooding, location would use '''''[[Contionary: cheema#Brooding|cheema]]''''' to mean “near” instead. To describe means, as in “by hook or by crook,” | ||
Brooding uses ''[[Contionary:tichee|tichee]]''. | Brooding uses '''''[[Contionary: tichee#Brooding|tichee]]'''''. | ||
== Verbs == | == Verbs == | ||