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Eighth edition lekma: Difference between revisions
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A conlang named lekma /ˈɥexmä/ is an experimental language, language Type (aiming): | A conlang named lekma /ˈɥexmä/ is an experimental miniature language, language Type (aiming): being low amount of distinct categories, half of lexicon are adoption of low Germanic languages, rests are from many others. it is for learning languages, making is to learn about languages. | ||
nouns: +morpheme nouns(that are intransitives), +adjective nouns(monotransitives), +demonstrative nouns(which have plurals), +verbal nouns(that are transitives, ditransitives), +verb-derived particle nouns(that are prepositions, connectives). +enclitics(they turn nouns to full nouns): demontratives same as aboves, nominal suffix: e/∅/, adjectival suffix: a,ä.har/ɦä/,/e/ s/s/, verbal suffix: l,hel/ɦel/(habitual, nominaliser), had/ɦät/(subjunctive) aaena, aauda/ŋdɐ/(processive) aaein,aaeni,aandi/ˈ..ndi/(perfective, an,en,ne,hen/ɦen/, vowel to nasalise+/en/. | nouns: +morpheme nouns(that are intransitives), +adjective nouns(monotransitives), +demonstrative nouns(which have plurals), +verbal nouns(that are transitives, ditransitives), +verb-derived particle nouns(that are prepositions, connectives). +enclitics(they turn nouns to full nouns): demontratives same as aboves, nominal suffix: e/∅/, adjectival suffix: a,ä.har/ɦä/,/e/ s/s/, verbal suffix: l,hel/ɦel/(habitual, nominaliser), had/ɦät/(subjunctive) aaena, aauda/ŋdɐ/(processive) aaein,aaeni,aandi/ˈ..ndi/(perfective, an,en,ne,hen/ɦen/, vowel to nasalise+/en/. | ||
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e are null vowel null consonants if they are free from diacritics. (in this site uses resemble phonemic notations) | e are null vowel null consonants if they are free from diacritics. (in this site uses resemble phonemic notations) | ||
it seems there are | it seems there are làa/gäː/ so some are irregular. | ||
gemination affects vowel before it to lengthen or something then, it is simplified. | gemination affects vowel before it to lengthen or something then, it is simplified. | ||
tone rises at words initially. i(ǀ) start citing, (end cite), ǃ(ǂ) exclamation | tone rises at words initially. i(ǀ) start citing, (end cite), before a loanword, ǃ(ǂ) exclamation. | ||
excepting q w p g j y. consonant u is added as | excepting q w p g j y. consonant u is added as is ng. | ||
dalse càe látin, vàe áleman, bae látin, cae látin, kae eskanól, aüe elínica, meidallaoduilekma. e lao u vèi velar nasal. | dalse càe látin, vàe áleman, bae látin, cae látin, kae eskanól, aüe elínica, meidallaoduilekma. e lao u vèi velar nasal. | ||
Syntacs | Syntacs | ||
Type: SVO. | Type: SVO. | ||
ergative noun • verbal noun objective noun + topic noun / verbal noun • noun adjectival suffix + topic noun, | ergative noun • verbal noun objective noun + topic noun / verbal noun • noun adjectival suffix + topic noun, | ||
where a middle dot separates phrases, focal phrases can switch their places to be at first to others. | where a middle dot separates phrases, focal phrases can switch their places to be at first to others. | ||
aside from the phonemic orthography, numerals are written with. | aside from the phonemic orthography, numerals are written with. | ||
0123456789,10,11,12. is oinmfvksba.io/x,ii/e,in/z. | .0123456789,10,11,12. is oinmfvksba.io/x,ii/e,in/z. | ||
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| cac(k-g) | | cac(k-g) | ||
| | | | ||
| aâe(ʔ) | | aâe(ʔ, null) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Affricate</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Affricate</small> | ||
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|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Close</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Close</small> | ||
| aie,aîe(i | | aie,aîe(i) | ||
| aüe,aúe(y | | aüe,aúe(y) | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| aïe,aui(ɨ ɯ) | | aïe,aui(ɨ ɯ) | ||
| aue,aûe(u | | aue,aûe(u) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Mid-open</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Mid-open</small> | ||
| aee,aêe,eäe,aei(e | | aee,aêe,eäe,aei(e ë) | ||
| aöe,aeu(ø | | aöe,aeu(ø) | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| aëe(ɤ) | | aëe(ɤ) | ||
| aoe,aôe(o | | aoe,aôe(o) | ||
|- | |- | ||
! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Open</small> | ! style="text-align: left;"|<small>Open</small> | ||
| | | | ||
| | | | ||
| aae | | aae,aâe(ä) | ||
| | | | ||
| aao(ʌː) | | aao(ʌː) | ||
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phonotactics | phonotactics | ||
CV(V)C | |||
allophones; t ʔ ɦ l;ʎ;ɾ sr ɲ ŋ allophones;â á:ae;ai;oa e é:ei;é;ea i î í o ö:eu;oi ó:ou u ü ú;;ue;ua;uo | ɲ ŋ h −vowel length lk −vowel length sk | |||
| ɲ ŋ h | |||
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of it is what. | of it is what. | ||
nerca | nerca sèina | ||
nac-har séd-nan | nac-har séd-nan | ||
i.be swed-ish | i.be swed-ish | ||
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nacioneus uekma. neidoc. | nacioneus uekma. neidoc. | ||
is.romlang uekma it.is.not | is.romlang uekma it.is.not | ||
lekma is a romlang. no, it's not. | |||
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* wet: suːmmɯi /summui* dry: sekal /sek* correct: bim* near: tocmas* far: naema* right: hris /lkt* left: chol /lnk* at: ʈ͡ʂɯi /zui | * wet: suːmmɯi /summui* dry: sekal /sek* correct: bim* near: tocmas* far: naema* right: hris /lkt* left: chol /lnk* at: ʈ͡ʂɯi /zui | ||
* in: lhea /ins* with: mɯi /mui* and: e,elk /elk* if: o,sôm /som* because: fɯi /fui* name: námel /nam | * in: lhea /ins* with: mɯi /mui* and: e,elk /elk* if: o,sôm /som* because: fɯi /fui* name: námel /nam | ||
Lexics | Lexics | ||
mam*mom mim mum mon miu mou mac miz muk mil mul mai*value nac*i nacmi*europant naciò*romlang nal nui*snake nuf nab nul*down nim*eat niska nat uil*arm uih*then bim bab beb bid*house boske*forest bah*brace diu dol*fish dad*dad dek dui*do what dál*draw cac cuf cal cilke aam*aim aas aal aelkä abbreviated to e*accompanying with aolsë or o*compared with den*keep deh*hang zil zul zah*nail zeica d zêc*sore tam tau*fang tal*string tin tax tic sel*be by súmmi*water sul süe*you seh*be sud saf xan xul*up xai*why xei*what xui*how,when fam*fruits fun foù*fire kalmê kum kat*hands kalke ham han*he neuter hai*they singular vad*what,who vie*why,how vaska von*when,where rac*cross ril*lough len*wind lan*group lis*smile lal*pilor lul*food iel*slope ser*being. | mam*mom mim mum mon miu mou mac miz muk mil mul mai*value nac*i nacmi*europant naciò*romlang nal nui*snake nuf nab nul*down nim*eat niska nat uil*arm uih*then bim bab beb bid*house boske*forest bah*brace diu dol*fish dad*dad dek dui*do what dál*draw cac cuf cal cilke aam*aim aas aal aelkä abbreviated to e*accompanying with aolsë or o*compared with den*keep deh*hang zil zul zah*nail zeica d zêc*sore tam tau*fang tal*string tin tax tic sel*be by súmmi*water sul süe*you seh*be sud saf xan xul*up xai*why xei*what xui*how,when fam*fruits fun foù*fire kalmê kum kat*hands kalke ham han*he neuter hai*they singular vad*what,who vie*why,how vaska von*when,where rac*cross ril*lough len*wind lan*group lis*smile lal*pilor lul*food iel*slope ser*being. | ||