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→Desiderative
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====Desiderative==== | ====Desiderative==== | ||
The desiderative is used primarily to express wants or desires. While the subjunctive may be used for this as well (see ''optative subjunctive''), the desiderative is considered less abstract or wishful, signalling concrete and actionable wants. It is formed from the s-stem of a verb, with no theme vowel between it and the ending, and using the secondary first person singular and third person plural markers (e.g. ''-it'' and ''-end'' vs. primary ''-iȥ'' and ''-enȥ''); '''''{{term|requiȥ}}''''' 'they return me' → ''''' | The desiderative is used primarily to express wants or desires. While the subjunctive may be used for this as well (see ''optative subjunctive''), the desiderative is considered less abstract or wishful, signalling concrete and actionable wants. It is formed from the s-stem of a verb, with no theme vowel between it and the ending, and using the secondary first person singular and third person plural markers (e.g. ''-it'' and ''-end'' vs. primary ''-iȥ'' and ''-enȥ''). Verbs generally follow three patterns to form the s-stem; | ||
:*''-s-'' is appended to the root, causing no other alteration to the root. | |||
::: '''''{{term|requiȥ}}''''' ("they return me") → '''''reξit''''' ("they want to return me") | |||
:::'''''{{term|saepiȥ}}''''' ("they are cutting me") → '''''saeψit''''' ("they want to cut me") | |||
:*''-s-'' is appended after a theme vowel, causing ''-s-'' to become ''-r-''. | |||
:::'''''{{term|praeffiliaȥ}}''''' ("they are paying me") → '''''praeffiliārit''''' ("they want to pay me") | |||
:::'''''{{term|augeȥ}}''''' ("they are looking at me") → '''''augerit''''' ("they want to look at me") | |||
:*''-s-'' is appended to the root, causing some alteration to the root, and perhaps the ''-s-'' augment as well. | |||
:::'''''{{term|iuvaȥ}}''''' ("they are writing me") → '''''iūrit''''' ("they want to write me") | |||
:::'''''{{term|mendiȥ}}''''' ("they are healing me") → '''''mēnsit''''' ("they want to heal me") | |||
====Potential==== | ====Potential==== | ||