Lebanese: Difference between revisions

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*The [[w:Construct state|construct state]] is a form of the noun used to make possessive constructions (for example, 𐤌𐤒𐤌 𐤔𐤉𐤁𐤕𐤉 ''muqōm sivti'', "the place of his residing", where ''muqōm'' is the construct state of the noun ''maqōm''. In dialects ''muqōm sivto'' can often be heard due to the absence of the genitive case in them). In the masculine singular the form of the construct is often the same as the absolute, but it may undergo vowel reduction (usually into /u/). Unlike a genitive case (often dropped entirely), which marks the possessor, the construct state is marked on the possessed. This is mainly due to Lebanese word order: possessed[const.] possessor[abs./gen.] are treated as a speech unit, with the first unit (possessed) employing the construct state to link it to the following word.
*The [[w:Construct state|construct state]] is a form of the noun used to make possessive constructions (for example, 𐤌𐤒𐤌 𐤔𐤉𐤁𐤕𐤉 ''muqōm sivti'', "the place of his residing", where ''muqōm'' is the construct state of the noun ''maqōm''. In dialects ''muqōm sivto'' can often be heard due to the absence of the genitive case in them). In the masculine singular the form of the construct is often the same as the absolute, but it may undergo vowel reduction (usually into /u/). Unlike a genitive case (often dropped entirely), which marks the possessor, the construct state is marked on the possessed. This is mainly due to Lebanese word order: possessed[const.] possessor[abs./gen.] are treated as a speech unit, with the first unit (possessed) employing the construct state to link it to the following word.


Adjectives agree with their nouns in number and gender. Predicative adjectives are in the absolute state regardless of the state of their noun, while the attributive ones have the construct form in masculine plural. Below is an example of a typical adjectival declension:
Adjectives agree with their nouns in number and gender. Predicative adjectives are in the absolute state regardless of the state of their noun. Below is an example of a typical adjectival declension:
{|class="wikitable"
{|class="wikitable"
|-
|-
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|-
|-
! absolute
! absolute
| rowspan="2" | 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌 naˁīm
| rowspan="2" | 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌 ''naˁīm''
| rowspan="2" | 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤕 naˁīmoth
| 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤕 ''naˁīmoth''
| 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤉𐤌 naˁīmīm
| 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤉𐤌 ''naˁīmīm''
| rowspan="2" | 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤅𐤕 naˁīmūth
| rowspan="2" | 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤅𐤕 ''naˁīmūth''
|-
|-
! construct
! construct
| 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤉 naˁīmê
| 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤕 naˁīmat(h)-
| 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤉 naˁīmê-
|-
! "happy"
! masc. sg.
! fem. sg.
! masc. pl.
! fem. pl.
|-
! absolute
| 𐤁𐤓𐤊 ''barīkh''
| 𐤁𐤓𐤊𐤕 ''birīkhoth''
| 𐤍𐤏𐤉𐤌𐤉𐤌 ''naˁīmīm''
| rowspan="2" | 𐤁𐤓𐤊𐤅𐤕 ''birīkhūth''
|-
! construct
| 𐤁𐤓𐤊 birīkh-
| 𐤁𐤓𐤊𐤕 ''birīkhat(h)-''
| 𐤁𐤓𐤊𐤉 birīkhê-
|-
|-
|}
|}
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