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Classical Talothic: Difference between revisions
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'''P''' represents the [[w:Patient (grammar)|patient]] of a [[w:Transitive verb|transitive verb]], or the person or thing towhich the verb is done, also called the '''direct object''', such as ‘the book’ in ‘the child reads the book.’ '''T''' represents the '''theme''', or the object that is given to someone or something, such as ‘the milk’ in ‘the senator gave the cat some milk.’ These two roles make up the '''accusative argument''', which is marked with the [[w:Accusative case|accusative case]]. Finally, '''R''' represents the '''recipient''', or the person who recieves the theme from the donor, or benefits from the donor's action, with a [[w:Ditransitive verb|ditransitive verb]], also commonly called the '''indirect object''', such as 'the cat' in 'the senator gave the cate some milk.' | '''P''' represents the [[w:Patient (grammar)|patient]] of a [[w:Transitive verb|transitive verb]], or the person or thing towhich the verb is done, also called the '''direct object''', such as ‘the book’ in ‘the child reads the book.’ '''T''' represents the '''theme''', or the object that is given to someone or something, such as ‘the milk’ in ‘the senator gave the cat some milk.’ These two roles make up the '''accusative argument''', which is marked with the [[w:Accusative case|accusative case]]. Finally, '''R''' represents the '''recipient''', or the person who recieves the theme from the donor, or benefits from the donor's action, with a [[w:Ditransitive verb|ditransitive verb]], also commonly called the '''indirect object''', such as 'the cat' in 'the senator gave the cate some milk.' | ||
Talothic verbs conjugate their endings to agree with the most oblique argument in a clause. That means the '''subject''' of an '''intransitive verb''' | Talothic verbs conjugate their endings to agree with the most oblique argument in a clause. That means the '''subject''' of an '''intransitive verb''', the '''patient''' of a '''transitive verb''', or the '''recipient''' of a '''ditransitive verb'''. | ||
:{{interlinear | box=yes | :{{interlinear | box=yes | ||
| | | epálai komós | ||
| | | well_built-AOR.3SG.E house-NOM.SG | ||
|'The house is | |'The house is well built'}} | ||
:{{interlinear | box=yes | :{{interlinear | box=yes | ||
| | | etepteîa ákēr alypá | ||
| | | drink-IMPERF.2SG farmer-NOM.PL power-ACC.SG | ||
|' | |'The farmers were drinking water'}} | ||
:{{interlinear | box=yes | :{{interlinear | box=yes | ||
| | | kīsāîn aippá ōísin | ||
| | | return-2SG 1SG.NOM power-ACC.SG | ||
|' | |'I'm returning the power to you'}} | ||
It should be noted that a verb in the [[w:Active voice|active voice]] must always have the maximum number of arguments according to its inherent transitivity. This means, for example, that one can never say 'John eats.' Because 'to eat' is transitive, there must be a patient, or direct object, e.g. 'John eats food.' However, there are a number of valancy dropping operations available in Talothic to allow various arguments to be dropped, which are discussed in the section on [[w:Voice (grammar)|voice]]. | It should be noted that a verb in the [[w:Active voice|active voice]] must always have the maximum number of arguments according to its inherent transitivity. This means, for example, that one can never say 'John eats.' Because 'to eat' is transitive, there must be a patient, or direct object, e.g. 'John eats food.' However, there are a number of valancy dropping operations available in Talothic to allow various arguments to be dropped, which are discussed in the section on [[w:Voice (grammar)|voice]]. | ||
== Footnotes == | |||