Iliaqu: Difference between revisions

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Iliaqu (view source)

Revision as of 22:28, 2 May 2020

1,779 bytes added ,  2 May 2020
m
→‎Time
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| be.PRF || MUJA.kill.deliberately || NOM.3s.DEF.ICS || ACC.3s.DEF.INAN
| be.PRF || MUJA.kill.deliberately || NOM.3s.DEF.ICS || ACC.3s.DEF.INAN
|-
|-
| "be finished" || "kill" || "the person" || "it"
| "be prior" || "kill" || "the person" || "it"
|-
|-
| colspan="4" | ''He kill{{color|MediumBlue|ed}} / {{color|MediumBlue|has / had / will have}} kill{{color|MediumBlue|ed}} it.'' — ['''muja''']
| colspan="4" | ''He kill{{color|MediumBlue|ed}} / {{color|MediumBlue|has / had / will have}} kill{{color|MediumBlue|ed}} it.'' — ['''muja''']
Line 2,908: Line 2,908:
| '''{{color|MediumBlue|eka}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|ti}}''' || '''uo''' || '''ju''' || '''xi'''
| '''{{color|MediumBlue|eka}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|ti}}''' || '''uo''' || '''ju''' || '''xi'''
|-
|-
| be.PRES || be.PRF || MUJA.kill.deliberately || NOM.3s.DEF.ICS || ACC.3s.DEF.INAN
| be.FUT|| be.PRF || MUJA.kill.deliberately || NOM.3s.DEF.ICS || ACC.3s.DEF.INAN
|-
|-
| "will" || "be finished" || "kill" || "the person" || "it"
| "will" || "be prior" || "kill" || "the person" || "it"
|-
|-
| colspan="5" | ''He {{color|MediumBlue|will have}} kill{{color|MediumBlue|ed}} it.'' — ['''muja''']
| colspan="5" | ''He {{color|MediumBlue|will have}} kill{{color|MediumBlue|ed}} it.'' — ['''muja''']
|}
|}


::{| cellpadding="2"
|-
| '''{{color|MediumBlue|eti}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|ka}}''' || '''uo''' || '''ju''' || '''xi'''
|-
| be.PST|| be.PROS || MUJA.kill.deliberately || NOM.3s.DEF.ICS || ACC.3s.DEF.INAN
|-
| "was" || "will" || "kill" || "the person" || "it"
|-
| colspan="5" | ''He {{color|MediumBlue|was going to}} kill it.'' — ['''muja''']
|}
These are usually compounded together.
::{| cellpadding="2"
|-
| '''{{color|MediumBlue|ekati}}''' || '''uo''' || '''ju''' || '''xi'''
|-
| be.FUT.PRF || MUJA.kill.deliberately || NOM.3s.DEF.ICS || ACC.3s.DEF.INAN
|-
| "will be prior" || "kill" || "the person" || "it"
|-
| colspan="4" | ''He {{color|MediumBlue|will have}} kill{{color|MediumBlue|ed}} it.'' — ['''muja''']
|}
::{| cellpadding="2"
|-
| '''{{color|MediumBlue|etika}}''' || '''uo''' || '''ju''' || '''xi'''
|-
| be.PST-PROS || MUJA.kill.deliberately || NOM.3s.DEF.ICS || ACC.3s.DEF.INAN
|-
| "was going to" || "kill" || "the person" || "it"
|-
| colspan="4" | ''He {{color|MediumBlue|was going to}} kill it.'' — ['''muja''']
|}


There are also compounds formed from two time words.


There are also compounds formed from two time words that indicate continuation from one time frame to another using a linking 'e'.


*'''tizo''' (PRF.PROG), indicating an action or state occurring before and continuing up to the contextually understood time
*'''zoka''' (PROG-PROS), indicating an action or state occurring at the contextually understood time and extending into the future
*'''etizo''' (PRF.PROG), indicating an action or state that started in the past and continues to the present
*'''ezoka''' (PROG-PROS), indicating an action or state that starts in the present and will continue into the future.


*'''tiezo''' (PRF.PROG), indicating an action or state occurring before and continuing up to the contextually understood time
*'''zoeka''' / '''zueka''' (PROG-PROS), indicating an action or state occurring at the contextually understood time and extending into the future
*'''etiezo''' (PRF.PROG), indicating an action or state that started in the past and continues to the present
*'''ezoeka''' / '''ezueka''' (PROG-PROS), indicating an action or state that starts in the present and will continue into the future.
The distance from the time in question can be indicated by adding time specifiers after the tense or aspect marker and then introducing the rest of the sentence with '''to'''. The forms with '''e-''' indicate distance from the present ('''eti''' "ago", '''etiezo''' "for", '''eka''' "in") while the forms without '''e-''' may indicate distance from a contextually understood time ('''ti''' "before", '''ka''' "later").


The distance from the time in question can be indicated by adding time specifiers after the tense or aspect marker and then introducing the rest of the sentence with '''to'''. The forms with '''e-''' indicate distance from the present ('''eti''' "ago", '''etizo''' "for", '''eka''' "in") while the forms without '''e-''' may indicate distance from a contextually understood time ('''ti''' "before", '''ka''' "later").


::{| cellpadding="2"
::{| cellpadding="2"
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::{| cellpadding="2"
::{| cellpadding="2"
|-
|-
| '''{{color|MediumBlue|etizo}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|vane}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|laqu}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|to}}''' || '''tuhu''' || '''jas''' || '''eni'''
| '''{{color|MediumBlue|etiezo}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|vane}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|laqu}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|to}}''' || '''tuhu''' || '''jas''' || '''eni'''
|-
|-
| be.PST-PRES || be.five || be.year || thus || be.known || NOM.3s.DEF.ACS || DAT.1s.ICS
| be.PST-PRES || be.five || be.year || thus || be.known || NOM.3s.DEF.ACS || DAT.1s.ICS
Line 2,961: Line 2,999:
| colspan="5" | ''I have known him/her {{color|MediumBlue|for five years}}.'' — [ICS/DOM]
| colspan="5" | ''I have known him/her {{color|MediumBlue|for five years}}.'' — [ICS/DOM]
|}
|}
Another method of specifying time into the past or future is by creating an adverbial clause with '''lo''' followed by the unit of time, '''(e)ti''' or '''(e)ka''' and the number.
::{| cellpadding="2"
|-
| '''li''' || '''zaxa''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|lo}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|laqu}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|ti}}''' || '''{{color|MediumBlue|euo}}'''
|-
| begin || be.ill || ADV || be.year || be.PRF || be.two
|-
| "become" || "be ill" || "while" || "is year" || "is earlier" || "is two"
|-
| colspan="6" | ''{{color|MediumBlue|Two years ago,}} s/he fell ill.''
|}




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* '''egue''' "again"
* '''egue''' "again"
* '''tara''' "suddenly"
* '''tara''' "suddenly"
* '''li''' "starts"
* '''li''' "starts", "begins", "commences"
* '''bi''' "stops"
* '''bi''' "stops", "ceases"
* '''ligue''' "resumes"
* '''ligue''' "resumes"


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